Search results for "SPECTRA"

showing 10 items of 3542 documents

Linear spectral mixture modelling to estimate vegetation amount from optical spectral data

1996

Abstract Spectral mixture modelling has developed in recent years as a suitable remote sensing tool for analysing the biophysical and compositional character of ground surfaces. In this paper the potentiality of the linear spectral mixture model to extract vegetation related parameters from 0·4-2·5 μm reflectance data has been tested. High spectral resolution reflectance measurements of soil-plant mixtures with different soil colour and plant densities were carried out in a laboratory experiment. The constrained least-squares and the factor analysis unmixing procedures were applied to generate endmember fractions of the components present in the mixtures and to test the validity of the mode…

EndmemberApplied physicsLinear modelGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental scienceVegetationSpectral resolutionMixture modelMultispectral ScannerMultispectral pattern recognitionRemote sensingInternational Journal of Remote Sensing
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Spectral decomposition of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular interactions in patients prone to postural syncope and healthy controls.

2022

We present a framework for the linear parametric analysis of pairwise interactions in bivariate time series in the time and frequency domains, which allows the evaluation of total, causal and instantaneous interactions and connects time- and frequency-domain measures. The framework is applied to physiological time series to investigate the cerebrovascular regulation from the variability of mean cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the cardiovascular regulation from the variability of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP). We analyze time series acquired at rest and during the early and late phase of head-up tilt in subjects developing or…

Endocrine and Autonomic SystemsTime series analysisBlood PressureHeartBaroreflexCardiovascular SystemSyncopeCerebral autoregulationCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceHeart RateAutoregressive modelsCardiovascular controlCerebrovascular CirculationGranger causalitySettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica e InformaticaHumansNeurology (clinical)Spectral decompositionAutoregressive models; Cardiovascular control; Cerebral autoregulation; Granger causality; Spectral decomposition; Time series analysis;Autonomic neuroscience : basicclinical
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Neutron irradiation defects in gallium sulfide: Optical absorption measurements

1997

Gallium sulfide single crystals have been irradiated with different thermal neutron doses. Defects introduced by neutron irradiation turn out to be optically active, giving rise to absorption bands with energies ranging from 1.2 to 3.2 eV. Bands lying in the band-gap exhibit Gaussian shape. Their energies and widths are independent of the irradiation dose, but their intensities are proportional to it. Thermal annealing is completed in two stages, ending at around 500 and 720 K, respectively. Centers responsible for the absorption bands are proposed to be gallium-vacancy-galliuminterstitial complexes in which the distance between the vacancy (acceptor) and the interstitial (donor) determines…

Energy GapInterstitialsMaterials scienceIII-VI SemiconductorsAnnealing (metallurgy)Band gapVacancies (Crystal)Neutron EffectsUNESCO::FÍSICAGeneral Physics and AstronomyGallium Compounds ; III-VI Semiconductors ; Neutron Effects ; Defect Absorption Spectra ; Energy Gap ; Vacancies (Crystal) ; Interstitials ; Annealing ; Visible SpectraMolecular physicsAcceptorNeutron temperatureAnnealingCrystallographyCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAbsorption bandVisible Spectra:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Vacancy defectGallium CompoundsIrradiationDefect Absorption SpectraNeutron irradiation
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Electron-spectroscopic investigations on ternary HFS: CeT2X2

1997

Investigations of the electronic properties were carried out for ternary Ce-based heavy fermion systems. The well-ordered surfaces of HFS were prepared by MBE on W (110) with subsequent annealing. The layers are characterised by MEED, LEED, AES and XPS. For the electron-spectroscopic investigations, ARUPS and SPEELS were used. In the photoemission spectra, dispersion effects could be detected. By means of SPEELS, the dipole-forbidden Ce f-f transitions could be observed. The comparison of the energy loss spectra above and below the characteristic temperature T∗ reveals differences in the energy losses as well as in the asymmetries.

Energy lossMaterials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Analytical chemistryAngle-resolved photoemission spectroscopyElectronCondensed Matter PhysicsSpectral lineElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyHeavy fermionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringAtomic physicsTernary operationPhysica B: Condensed Matter
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A set of indicators for arc faults detection based on low frequency harmonic analysis

2016

In this paper a novel set of indicators is presented for arc faults detection in electrical circuits. The indicators are defined starting from an experimental characterization of the arc fault phenomenon and the study of the arcing current in several test conditions, which were chosen in accordance with the UL 1699 Standard requirements. The proposed parameters are measured by means of a high resolution low frequency spectral analysis of the arcing current, which allows to achieve a good spectral resolution even with short observation windows.

Engineering020209 energyArc-fault circuit interrupter02 engineering and technologyUL 1699Low frequencylaw.inventionArc (geometry)Harmonic analysisElectric arcarc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI)power system measurements power system harmonics fault diagnosis arc discharges interrupters arc faults detection home protection electrical safety series arcs arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) UL 1699lawhome protection0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringSpectral resolutionpower system harmonicsinterruptersbusiness.industry020208 electrical & electronic engineeringarc faults detectionfault diagnosispower system measurementsFault indicatorElectrical networkarc dischargeselectrical safetybusinessSettore ING-INF/07 - Misure Elettriche E Elettroniche2016 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings
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A frequency compensation algorithm of four-wheel coherence random road

2013

Published version of an article in the journal: Mathematical Problems in Engineering. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/986584 Open access The road surface roughness is the main source of kinematic excitation of a moving vehicle, which has an important influence on vehicle performance. In recent decades, random road models have been widely studied, and a four-wheel random road time domain model is usually generated based on the correlation of the four-wheel input, in which a coherence function is used to describe the coherence of the road input between the left and right wheels usually. However, during our research, there are some conditions that show that…

EngineeringArticle Subjectroad surface roughnessroads and streetsGeneral Mathematicstime domain modelingmoving vehiclesFrequency compensationKinematicsalgorithmspower spectral densityAutomotive engineeringDamperVehicle dynamicsCoherence (signal processing)vehicle wheelsbusiness.industrylcsh:Mathematicsvehicle dynamicsGeneral Engineeringroad roughnessaxlesSpectral densitylcsh:QA1-939VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Mathematics: 410Axlevehicle performancelcsh:TA1-2040Control systemkinematic excitationlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)businessAlgorithmcoherence functionfrequency compensation
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Configurable bandwidth imaging spectrometer based on acousto-optic tunable filter

2005

This paper presents a new portable instrument called Autonomous Tunable Filtering System (ATFS), developed for highly customisable imaging spectrometry in the VIS-NIR range. The ATFS instrument consists of an Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter (AOTF), an optical system, a Radio Frequency (RF) driver based on a Direct Digital Synthesiser (DDS) and control software. The ATFS can be attached to a variety of high-performance monochrome cameras. The system works as a spectral bandpass filter whose wavelength can be selected between 400nm and 1000nm and whose bandwidth can be adjusted between 4nm and 50nm. The filter can be tuned electronically at a very high speed and accuracy, thanks to the DDS versa…

EngineeringBand-pass filterSpectrometerbusiness.industryDynamic rangeMultispectral imageBandwidth (signal processing)Imaging spectrometerElectronic engineeringRadio frequencyFilter (signal processing)businessSPIE Proceedings
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Stochastic seismic analysis of MDOF structures with nonlinear viscous dampers

2009

Fluid damper devices in civil structures such as buildings or bridges are commonly used as energy absorbers for seismic protection. The problem in the response analysis of structures with filled dampers mainly consists in the fact that, due to the strongly nonlinear behavior of such equipments, the response spectrum (RS) technique fails. In this paper by using the concept of power spectral density function compatible with the elastic RS and the statistical linearization technique, the equivalent damping ratio is obtained. It is shown that once the system is linearized, results obtained by Monte Carlo simulation and those obtained by stochastic analysis are in good agreement. Copyright © 200…

EngineeringDamping ratiobusiness.industryResponse analysisMonte Carlo methodSpectral densityBuilding and ConstructionStructural engineeringSeismic analysisDamperNonlinear systemMechanics of MaterialsbusinessResponse spectrumCivil and Structural EngineeringStructural Control and Health Monitoring
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Non-destructive analytical methods to study the conservation state of Apadana Hall of Persepolis.

2015

Atmospheric and biological agents are the main enemies of the building material conservation. In this work an innovative methodological approach, based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), has been employed to evaluate the conservation state of Persepolis limestone samples collected both, under a protective shelter and outside the shelter, at Apadana Audience Hall area in Persepolis. The use of NIR spectra permitted to discriminate, by using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), the differences between samples collected inside and outside the protective shelter and we have been able to identify a major degradation state of the out shelter stone sample…

EngineeringEnvironmental Engineeringbusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistry010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesPollutionArchaeology0104 chemical sciencesNon destructiveEnvironmental ChemistryNir spectrabusinessWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesThe Science of the total environment
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Lighting in educational environments: An example of a complete analysis of the effects of daylight and electric light on occupants

2013

Abstract Light induces not only visual responses but also non-visual effects, indeed it affects performance, mood, attention and influences the synchronization of the biological clock. Duration, timing, intensity and the spectral power distribution of the light that reaches the eyes can have influence on human circadian rhythm and consequently on health. Given the important impact of the non-visual responses on people wellbeing, developing a model that allows lighting designers to predict them is a fundamental goal. In this paper a case study is reported: a series of measurements were carried out in a University classroom in order to study daylight and electric light characteristics and als…

EngineeringEnvironmental Engineeringgenetic structuresSpectral power distributionbusiness.industryBiological clockGeography Planning and DevelopmentSpectral power distributionEducational environmentsCorrelated Color TemperatureBuilding and ConstructionColor temperatureCircadian responseCircadian effectSynchronizationElectric lightDaylightCorrelated Colour TemperatureDaylightCircadian rhythmlightbusinessSimulationCivil and Structural EngineeringBuilding and Environment
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