Search results for "SPUTUM"

High Flow Nasal Therapy Use in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD and Bronchiectasis: A Feasibility Study

2020

The efficacy and feasibility of high flow nasal therapy (HFNT) use in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and bronchiectasis is unknown. We performed a single-center, single-arm prospective observational study in patients with AECOPD, documented bronchiectasis, pH >= 7.35, respiratory rate (RR) >= 26 breaths/minute despite receiving maximal medical treatment and oxygen via face mask up to 10 L/m. Patients received HFNT (Airvo 2, Fisher & Paykel) at a gas flow of 50 L/min and FIO2 adjusted to maintain SpO(2) >= 92%. Dyspnea, rated by Borg scale, RR, arterial blood gases and mucus production (ranging from 1 to 3) were collected befor…

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and neutrophil infiltration: role of cigarette smoke and cyclooxygenase products.

2010

Cigarette smoke is the main cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), where it can contribute to the observed airway inflammation. PGE(2) is produced within human airways, and both pro- and anti-inflammatory activities have been reported. We quantitated PGE(2) concentrations in induced sputum supernatants from different groups of subjects and correlated the obtained values to neutrophil infiltration as well as to the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was used to evaluate the effect of smoking on COX-2 and PGE(2) receptor expression as well as on PGE(2) release in neutrophils and alveolar macrophages (AM) obtained from normal donors. The effec…

Bronchial epithelial damage after a half-marathon in nonasthmatic amateur runners.

2010

Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2010 Jun;298(6):L857-62. Epub 2010 Apr 2. Bronchial epithelial damage after a half-marathon in nonasthmatic amateur runners. Chimenti L, Morici G, Paternò A, Santagata R, Bonanno A, Profita M, Riccobono L, Bellia V, Bonsignore MR. SourceDept. Biomedico Di Medicina Interna & Specialistica, Section of Pneumology, Univ. of Palermo, Via Trabucco 180, 90146 Palermo, Italy. laurachimenti@yahoo.it Abstract High neutrophil counts in induced sputum have been found in nonasthmatic amateur runners at rest and after a marathon, but the pathogenesis of airway neutrophilia in athletes is still poorly understood. Bronchial epithelial damage may occur during intense exer…

Bronchial responsiveness and airway inflammation in trained subjects [9]

2008

Diagnóstico y tratamiento de las bronquiectasias

2008

Bronchiectasis is the end result of several different diseases that share principles of management. The clinical course usually involves chronic bronchial infection and inflammation, which are associated with progression. The cause of bronchiectasis should always be investigated, particularly when it can be treated. We recommend evaluating etiology, symptoms, bronchial colonization and infection, respiratory function, inflammation, structural damage, nutritional status, and quality of life in order to assess severity and to monitor clinical course. Care should be supervised by specialized units, at least in cases of chronic bronchial infection, recurrent exacerbations, or when there is a ca…

Toxicidad pulmonar por talidomida

2002

Although the side effects of thalidomide are well known, lung toxicity has not been reported. We describe the case of a 65-year-old man with multiple myeloma (IgG kappa) in stage IA who, on the thirty-seventh day of treatment with thalidomide, developed acute coughing, general malaise, dyspnea at rest and sudoresis. Blood pressure was 90/60 mm Hg and temperature was normal. An interstitial and alveolar pattern was visible on the right side of a chest film and arterial blood gases indicated partial respiratory insufficiency (pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mmHg, PaO2 47 mmHg). Blood analysis showed alterations expected for multiple myeloma and microbiology was negative (sputum and blood cultures and urina…

Vitamin D Insufficiency In Adult Asthma Is Associated With Asthma Severity And Control

2012

Data in asthmatic children suggest that low vitamin D levels are associated with poor asthma control, reduced lung function, and increased medication intake. To investigate the role of vitamin D insufficiency in adult asthmatics 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured in 280 adult patients with asthma (mean±SEM: 45.0±0.8 yrs., 40% male, FEV1 74.9±1.4%) and correlated with clinical parameters of asthma control. The majority of patients had severe asthma (n=155, 55%) and were uncontrolled (n=144, 51%). Serum levels of vitamin D were significantly related to asthma severity (mean±SEM: intermittent 31.1±3.2 ng/ml, mild 27.3±1.6 ng/ml, moderate 26.5±1.5, severe 24.0±0.9, p=0.046) and asthma control (co…

A combined molecular typing approach does not discriminate Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strains of a predominant sequence-based type in Palermo…

2009

Summary: The sequence-based type 1,4,3,1,1,1 of Legionella pneumophila sg.1 is predominant in the Palermo city environment since several years. In this study, extended sequence-based typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis were used in a combined approach in the aim to enhance discriminatory power of the molecular typing procedures. However, probably due to a common environmental reservoir and genetic stability, most of the strains circulating in the geographic area under study belong to the same clone and are, consequently, indistinguishable by molecular typing. Investigations of clinical cases and tracing to their environmental source require caution and support from sound epidemiolog…

Monitoring response to treatment in asthma management: food for thought

2004

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is characterized by episodic symptoms. In this regard, asthma management has classically involved periodic re-assessment by the health-care provider, during which therapy is altered mainly based on clinical and physiological parameters, such as assessment of symptoms, spirometry and peak expiratory flow monitoring. In this context, various markers of airway inflammation (e.g. eosinophils in the induced sputum, nitric oxide in the exhaled air) have been proposed to assess the severity of asthma and to adjust the therapy accordingly. The evaluation of airway hyper-responsiveness with different stimuli has also been suggested as a n…

Hochauflösende Computertomographie der Lunge bei neutropenischen Patienten mit Fieber

1996

Purpose To determine the sensitivity and clinical impact of high-resolution CT (HRCT) of the lung in febrile neutropenic patients under antibiotic therapy. Material and methods Chest X-ray and HRCT were prospectively performed to exclude pneumonia in 34 patients (53 examinations) suffering from febrile neutropenia following antitumor therapy. Diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage or sputum cultures. Results Chest X-ray showed pneumonia in 13/53 examinations, in 12/13 a micro-organism was found. HRCT demonstrated pneumonia in 39/53, in 31/39 a micro-organism was found. All cases with positive cultures showed suspicious HRCT findings. Changes in antibiotic treatment resulted in fi…