Search results for "STANDARD"
showing 10 items of 3299 documents
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF ULTRAVIOLET SOLAR IRRADIATION IN VALENCIA, SPAIN
1996
Experimental data concerning the integrated total ultraviolet radiation (290–385 nm band) on a horizontal surface measured at Valencia (Spain) during the period March 1991 to December 1994 have been analysed. A study of the most representative statistical indexes: arithmetic mean (M), median (Md), standard deviation (SD), maximum (Mx), minimum (Mn), first (Q1) and third (Q3) quartiles, percentiles 5 (P5) and 95 (P95), interquartile range (Q3 –Q1) and coefficient of quartile variation (V), of the UV radiation for this period has been carried out. The study has focused on both the hourly and the daily values of irradiance. The UV irradiance measured shows quite stable values within the period…
Evaluation of split-window and dual-angle correction methods for land surface temperature retrieval from Envisat/Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiom…
2006
[1] Land surface temperature (LST) can be derived from thermal infrared remote sensing data provided that atmospheric and emissivity effects are corrected for. In this paper, two correction methods were evaluated using a database of ground LST measurements and concurrent Envisat/Advanced Along Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) data. They were the split-window (SW) method, which uses two channels at 11 and 12 μm, and the dual-angle (DA) method, using one single channel (11 μm) at two observation angles (close to nadir and around 55° forward). The ground LST measurements were performed in a large, flat, and thermally homogeneous area of rice fields during the summers of 2002–2005, when the cr…
Sudan-Sahel rainfall onset: Definition of an objective index, types of years, and experimental hindcasts
2006
Using rainfall estimates from the 5-day version of CPC Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) and Global Precipitation Climatology Project data along with multiscale spatial key descriptors of atmospheric dynamics from National Center for Environmental Prediction/Department of Energy reanalysis 2 (NCEP/DOE), we first define a West African monsoon onset index to determine its successive dates of occurrence over the period 1979-2004 (28-29 June in mean with a standard deviation of 8.5 days). Then we focus on the three main types of time evolutions of that index at the moment of the monsoon onset in terms of precipitation, pressure, temperature, and winds at different levels to detect the mos…
Thermal sensation and cell adaptability
2013
Whole person adaptive comfort is discussed with reference to recent findings in molecular scale systems biology. The observations are upscaled to hypotheses relating to less traditional interpretations of thermal processes, which have new implications for indoor climate management and design. Arguments are presented for a revision of current focus, model and paradigm. The issue is seen as a problem of integrating theoretical development, conceptual modeling and as an investigation of the extent to which environments and acclimatization can be used to achieve individual fitness and health, not only at the subjective comfort level, as hitherto promoted. It is argued that there are many questi…
The erythemal clearness index for Valencia, Spain
2009
The values of three clearness indices have been measured for the city of Valencia: kt, the clearness index for the whole solar spectrum, ktUV the clearness index for the ultraviolet range, and the erythemal clearness index for the erythemal radiation ktUVER, corresponding to the solar radiation weighted by the erythemal action spectrum on human skin, normalized with respect to the solar constant corresponding to that spectrum. The measurements of ktUV reached values that were approximately 54% of that corresponding to kt, while those of ktUVER were much smaller. Some statistics of the erythemal clearness index have been calculated both for monthly as well as hourly means. The shape of the d…
Preliminary results of the project A.I.D.A. (Auto Immunity: Diagnosis Assisted by computer)
2014
In this paper, are presented the preliminary results of the A.I.D.A. (Auto Immunity: Diagnosis Assisted by computer) project which is developed in the frame of the cross-border cooperation Italy-Tunisia. According to the main objectives of this project, a database of interpreted Indirect ImmunoFluorescence (IIF) images on HEp 2 cells is being collected thanks to the contribution of Italian and Tunisian experts involved in routine diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Through exchanging images and double reporting; a Gold Standard database, containing around 1000 double reported IIF images with different patterns including negative tests, has been settled. This Gold Standard database has been us…
Assessing the electricity consumption of outdoor lighting systems in the presence of automatic control: The OL-BAC factors method
2020
Abstract Building automation systems are able to influence significantly buildings’ energy performance. The BAC factors method, presented for the first time by the International Standard EN 15232, is the most used and simple instrument for evaluating the impact of such systems in terms of reduction of the electrical and thermal energy consumption of buildings services. Nevertheless, Standard EN 15232 does not take into consideration the automation of lighting systems serving buildings’ external areas like passages, gardens, entrance walkways, etc. In some cases, such areas can be very extended and, as a consequence, responsible for a not negligible percentage of the overall electricity cons…
Inverse problem for tripotential measures in the study of buried cavities
1996
This paper presents a solution to the inverse electrical problem for the interpretation of apparent resistivity anomalies due to empty buried cavities of quasi-spherical shape when tripotential measures are carried out. The anomalies of the apparent resistivities ra,rb andrg,and the composed resistivitiesrmand rt were previously calculated for a sufficient class of spherical models of resistivity anomalies. Then, for the whole class of models, some functionals of spatial distribution of the apparent and composed resistivity were identified and analyzed. They represent the average characteristics of the anomalies and, depending in a simple way on the fundamental parameters of the sources of …
Differential branching fractions and isospin asymmetries of B -> K ((*)) μ(+) μ(-) decays
2014
The isospin asymmetries of $B \to K\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B \to K^{*}\mu^+\mu^-$ decays and the partial branching fractions of the $B^0 \to K^0\mu^+\mu^-$, $B^+ \to K^+\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B^+ \to K^{*+}\mu^+\mu^-$ decays are measured as functions of the dimuon mass squared, $q^2$. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3$~$fb$^{-1}$ from proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7$\,$TeV and 8$\,$TeV in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The isospin asymmetries are both consistent with the Standard Model expectations. The three measured branching fractions, while individually consistent, all favour lower values than their respective Standard M…
Angular analysis of charged and neutral B → Kμ + μ − decays
2014
The angular distributions of the rare decays B → K+µ+µ- and B0 → K0 <inf>a</inf>Sμ+μ- are studied with data corresponding to 3 fb-1 of integrated luminosity, collected in proton-proton collisions at 7 and 8TeV centre-of-mass energies with the LHCb detector. The angular distribution is described by two parameters, FH and the forward-backward asymmetry of the dimuon system AFB, which are determined in bins of the dimuon mass squared. The parameter F<inf>H</inf> is a measure of the contribution from (pseudo)scalar and tensor amplitudes to the decay width. The measurements of A<inf>FB</inf> and F<inf>H</inf> reported here are the most precise to d…