Search results for "STIFFNESS"
showing 10 items of 524 documents
Arterial Stiffness: Effects of Anticancer Drugs Used for Breast Cancer Women
2021
Purpose: It is well known that anticancer drugs used for treating breast cancer can cause cardiac toxicity, and less is known about vascular toxicity. The aim of this study was to assess subclinical vascular effects of anthracyclines and trastuzumab (TRZ) in women treated for breast cancer.Methods: We enrolled 133 female patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant treatment with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy (CT) followed by taxane (paclitaxel/docetaxel) + TRZ. Patients underwent a standard echocardiography including measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain at baseline and at follow-up. Vascular toxicity was evaluated by measuring brachial…
AB0563 AORTIC ROOT DILATION IN ASSOCIATED WITH THE REDUCTION OF CAPILLARY DENSITY OBSERVED AT NAILFOLD CAPILLAROSCOPY IN SSC PATIENTS
2020
Background:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction and diffuse microangiopathy, leading to tissue ischemia and inducing fibrosis of skin and visceral organs. Furthermore, it was demonstrated the impairment of wall elasticity of large-medium vessels, such as aorta and its branches (1). SSc-related microangiopathy of vasa vasorum of the aortic wall could also be supposed. However no data on this hypothesis are available in literature.SSc microangiopathy may be easily studied at the nailfold by means of videocapillaroscopy. Indeed, capillaroscopic findings are representative of the microvascular damage caused by SSc troughout the body.O…
The Renal Dangers of an Increased Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index
2020
Although a number of longitudinal investigations assessed the ability of aortic PWV to predict the development of kidney disfunction or progression of renal disease, little is known about the association of CAVI with the risk of renal function deterioration. In the current issue of the American Journal of Hypertension is published a paper of Itano S et al, that add a new piece of evidence in this scenario. The authors analyzed data from the national health check-up system in Japan, including 24.297 participants with normal baseline kidney function. They found that those with CAVI measurements ≥8.1 had a higher risk for CKD events compared to their counterparts with CAVI measurements <8.1…
Arterial stiffness in obese CPAP-treated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): A seven years prospective longitudinal study
2017
Introduction: Arterial stiffness measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is elevated in severe OSA. A 1m/s increase in PWV is associated with a 15% increased risk of mortality. There is a paucity of data regarding long term evolution of PWV in CPAP-treated OSA. Aims: To measure PWV evolution in CPAP-treated OSA. Methods: In a prospective obese OSA cohort, we collected PWV, clinical and biological metabolic data, incident cardiovascular events and CPAP adherence at time of diagnosis and after at least 5-year follow-up. Results: 72 OSA (men: 52.8%, median age: 55.8 years and median BMI of 38.5 kg/m2) with a high prevalence of hypertension: 58.3%, Type 2 diabetes: 20.8%, hypercho…
Subclinical cardiovascular damage in patients with HCV cirrhosis before and after treatment with direct antiviral agents: a prospective study
2018
BACKGROUND Cirrhosis is associated with morpho-functional cardiovascular alterations. AIMS To detect early features of cardiovascular damage in HCV-compensated cirrhotic patients using myocardial deformation indices and carotid arterial stiffness, and, further, to evaluate their short-term behaviour after HCV eradication with direct antiviral agents (DAAs). METHODS Thirty-nine consecutive patients with HCV cirrhosis, without previous cardiovascular events, were studied and matched for age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors to 39 controls without liver or cardiovascular disease. Patients and controls underwent a baseline echocardiographic evaluation including global longitudinal strain …
Changes in neural drive to calf muscles during steady submaximal contractions after repeated static stretches
2021
Key points: Repeated static-stretching interventions consistently increase the range of motion about a joint and decrease total joint stiffness, but findings on the changes in muscle and connective-tissue properties are mixed. The influence of these stretch-induced changes on muscle function at submaximal forces is unknown. To address this gap in knowledge, the changes in neural drive to the plantar flexor muscles after a static-stretch intervention were estimated. Neural drive to the plantar flexor muscles during a low-force contraction increased after repeated static stretches. These findings suggest that adjustments in motor unit activity are necessary at low forces to accommodate reduct…
Association between increased arterial stiffness and clinical outcomes in patients with early sepsis: a prospective observational cohort study.
2019
Background Conduit arteries, especially the aorta, play a major role in ensuring efficient cardiac function and optimal microvascular flow due to their viscoelastic properties. Studies in animals and on isolated arteries show that acute systemic inflammation can cause aortic stiffening which affects hemodynamic efficiency. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, may be useful as a bedside investigational method in patients with early sepsis admitted to intensive care, as circulatory changes can lead to multiple organ failure and increased mortality. This study aims to investigate arterial stiffness in early sepsis and its association with clinical outcomes. Metho…
Is sauna bathing protective of sudden cardiac death? A review of the evidence
2019
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a global public health burden accounting for 15–20% of all deaths. Though established atherosclerotic risk factors explain a large proportion of the risk of SCD, these factors are often absent in a large proportion of SCD victims and the pathogenesis of SCD is still not fully established. It therefore appears that additional factors may be involved. Sauna bathing is a traditional Finnish activity that is mainly used for the purposes of relaxation and pleasure. Beyond its use for these purposes, sauna bathing has been linked with several health benefits. Emerging evidence suggests that sauna bathing is associated with reduced risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) …
Fatigue effects of marathon running on neuromuscular performance
2007
Nine experienced endurance runners performed individual marathon runs that involved several tests of neuromuscular performance before, during and after the marathon. The tests were performed with special force platform and dynamometer techniques. The results showed an overall decrease in performance from the marathon. The maximal sprint velocity decreased parabolically during the marathon, reaching the final value of 84% of the pre-marathon one. Similarly, the other test results after marathon indicated that maximal isometric knee extension torque was 78%, the performance in a special rebound test (drop jump) 84% and the 5-jump performance 92% of the pre-marathon values. These reductions we…
Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness in Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes and Healthy Controls and the Impact of Insulin on These Parameters durin…
2007
BACKGROUND In addition to its role in glucose metabolism, insulin has shown to exert numerous vascular effects, and an impaired vascular function of insulin is assumed to be a major contributor in the development of vascular complications. Arterial augmentation (AP) and the augmentation index (Aix) are surrogate parameters of arterial stiffness and are commonly used as predictors for cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of insulin on arterial stiffness and parameters of endothelial function in patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy control subjects. METHODS Fourteen patients with type 1 diabetes (six male, eight female) with a mean age of 36.6 +/- 11.8 …