Search results for "STING"

showing 10 items of 3756 documents

Coherent Light Harvesting through Strong Coupling to Confined Light

2018

When photoactive molecules interact strongly with confined light modes, new hybrid light–matter states may form: the polaritons. These polaritons are coherent superpositions of excitations of the molecules and of the cavity photon. Recently, polaritons were shown to mediate energy transfer between chromophores at distances beyond the Forster limit. Here we explore the potential of strong coupling for light-harvesting applications by means of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations of mixtures of photoreactive and non-photo-reactive molecules strongly coupled to a single confined light mode. These molecules are spatially separated and present at different concentrations. Our simulations sug…

Physicsconfined lightPhotonLetterta114010405 organic chemistryChromophore010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesDelocalized electronMolecular dynamicscoherent light harvestingChemical physicsstrong couplingPolaritonStrong couplingMoleculeGeneral Materials SciencevalokemiaPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhysics::Chemical Physicsta116ExcitationJournal of Physical Chemistry Letters
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Density-functional based tight-binding study of small gold clusters

2006

In this paper, we report the ability of self-consistent-charge density-functional based tight-binding method to describe small gold clusters. We concentrate our investigations mainly on anions, and find that the method describes their geometric and electronic structures fairly well, in comparison with density-functional calculations. In particular, the method correctly reproduces the planarity of ground-state structures up to cluster sizes in agreement with experiment and density-functional theory.

Physicsself-consistent-field methodTight bindingOrbital-free density functional theoryCluster (physics)General Physics and AstronomyAtomic physicsspectroscopy and geometrical structure of clustersMolecular physicsPlanarity testingdensity functional theory
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A Model for Carbon Macrosegregation

1988

In this paper we present models for calculating temperature distribution and macrosegregations for solidification problem in continuous casting of steel. Numerical examples illustrate the importance of liquid flow as a cause for segregations.

Physics::Fluid DynamicsContinuous castingMaterials scienceDistribution (number theory)chemistryLiquid flowchemistry.chemical_elementMechanicsCarbon
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SEA presidential address: Group connectivity and cooperation

2011

A model-free methodology is used for the first time to estimate a daily volatility index (VIBEX-NEW) for the Spanish financial market.We use a public data set of daily option prices to compute this index and showthat daily changes in VIBEXNEW display a negative, tight contemporaneous relationship with IBEX daily returns, contrary to other common volatility indicators, as an implied volatility indicator or a GARCH(1,1) conditional volatility model. This relationship is approximately symmetric to the sign on VIBEX-NEW changes and asymmetric to the IBEX-35 returns sign, which make it clearly a suitable volatility index for the Spanish stock market. We also examine the relationship between curr…

Physics::Physics and SocietyComputer Science::Computer Science and Game TheoryTheoretical computer sciencemodel-based volatility indexGeneralizationBinary relationComputer scienceGroup (mathematics)G13Evolutionäre SpieltheorieLeverage effectG15leverage effectGefangenendilemmaMoore neighborhoodDilemmaforecasting volatilitymodel-free volatility indexPresidential addressddc:330Graph (abstract data type)C53General Economics Econometrics and Financerisk
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Formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing to advance oral drug product development: an introduction to the US FDA funded ‘21st Century BA/BE’ …

2018

Over the past decade, formulation predictive dissolution (fPD) testing has gained increasing attention. Another mindset is pushed forward where scientists in our field are more confident to explore the in vivo behavior of an oral drug product by performing predictive in vitro dissolution studies. Similarly, there is an increasing interest in the application of modern computational fluid dynamics (CFD) frameworks and high-performance computing platforms to study the local processes underlying absorption within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In that way, CFD and computing platforms both can inform future PBPK-based in silico frameworks and determine the GI-motility-driven hydrodynamic impac…

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modellingBioavailabilityComputer scienceManometryDrug CompoundingAdministration OralPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyBioequivalenceComputational fluid dynamics030226 pharmacology & pharmacyArticleDOSAGE FORMSINDUCED VARIABILITY03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBIOPHARMACEUTICS CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEMABSORPTIONHumansDissolution testingOral absorptionPharmacology & PharmacyDissolutionIN-VIVO DISSOLUTIONIn vivo dissolutionBioequivalenceScience & TechnologyWORKSHOP REPORTUnited States Food and Drug Administrationbusiness.industryGASTROINTESTINAL SIMULATOR GISVITRO DISSOLUTION021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBiopharmaceutics Classification SystemUnited StatesMODELDrug LiberationNew product developmentPredictive powerDIFFUSION-CONTROLLED DISSOLUTIONBiochemical engineering0210 nano-technologybusinessLife Sciences & BiomedicineOral retinoidMRI
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IMI – Oral biopharmaceutics tools project – Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 2: An introduction to the simulation exercise and ov…

2016

Orally administered drugs are subject to a number of barriers impacting bioavailability (Foral), causing challenges during drug and formulation development. Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling can help during drug and formulation development by providing quantitative predictions through a systems approach. The performance of three available PBPK software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp®, and GastroPlus™) were evaluated by comparing simulated and observed pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters.Since the availability of input parameters was heterogeneous and highly variable, caution is required when interpreting the results of this exercise. Additionally, this prospective simulation exer…

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modellingChemistryBiopharmaceuticsDrug Evaluation PreclinicalArea under the curveAdministration OralPharmaceutical ScienceModels Biological030226 pharmacology & pharmacyBiopharmaceuticsBioavailabilityClinical studyToxicology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineIntestinal AbsorptionPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmacokineticsCompounding030220 oncology & carcinogenesisStatisticsHumansComputer SimulationImmediate releaseForecastingEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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IMI – Oral biopharmaceutics tools project – Evaluation of bottom-up PBPK prediction success part 3: Identifying gaps in system parameters by analysin…

2016

Three Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic software packages (GI-Sim, Simcyp® Simulator, and GastroPlus™) were evaluated as part of the Innovative Medicine Initiative Oral Biopharmaceutics Tools project (OrBiTo) during a blinded “bottom-up” anticipation of human pharmacokinetics. After data analysis of the predicted vs. measured pharmacokinetics parameters, it was found that oral bioavailability (Foral) was underpredicted for compounds with low permeability, suggesting improper estimates of intestinal surface area, colonic absorption and/or lack of intestinal transporter information. Foral was also underpredicted for acidic compounds, suggesting overestimation of impact of ionisation on pe…

Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modellingIn silicoDrug Evaluation PreclinicalAdministration OralPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technologyPharmacologyModels Biological030226 pharmacology & pharmacyBiopharmaceutics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLow permeabilityHumansComputer SimulationChemistryBiopharmaceutics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBioavailabilityIntestinal AbsorptionPharmaceutical PreparationsColonic absorptionSystem parametersIntestinal surfaceBiochemical engineering0210 nano-technologyForecasting
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Establishment of a pulmonary epithelial barrier on biodegradable poly-L-lactic-acid membranes

2019

Development of biocompatible and functional scaffolds for tissue engineering is a major challenge, especially for development of polarised epithelia that are critical structures in tissue homeostasis. Different in vitro models of the lung epithelial barrier have been characterized using non-degradable polyethylene terephthalate membranes which limits their uses for tissue engineering. Although poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) membranes are biodegradable, those prepared via conventional Diffusion Induced Phase Separation (DIPS) lack open-porous geometry and show limited permeability compromising their use for epithelial barrier studies. Here we used PLLA membranes prepared via a modification of the…

PhysiologyCell MembranesCell Culture TechniquesBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technologyEpitheliumTissue engineeringAnimal CellsAbsorbable ImplantsMaterials TestingElectric ImpedanceMedicine and Health SciencesLungTissue homeostasisBarrier functionStaining0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryTissue ScaffoldsTight junctionPolyethylene TerephthalatesChemistryQRCell Staining021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMembrane StainingElectrophysiologyMembranePhysical SciencesMedicineCytokinesBiological CulturesCellular Structures and OrganellesJunctional ComplexesCellular TypesAnatomy0210 nano-technologyResearch ArticleCell PhysiologySciencePolyestersMaterials ScienceMaterial PropertiesResearch and Analysis MethodsMembrane PotentialPermeabilityCell LineTight Junctions03 medical and health sciencesCell AdhesionHumans030304 developmental biologyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)Tissue EngineeringBiology and Life SciencesEpithelial CellsMembranes ArtificialCell BiologyCell CulturesBiological TissueAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Specimen Preparation and TreatmentCell culturePermeability (electromagnetism)BiophysicsCytokine secretionPLOS ONE
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Zebrafish as a Model for the Study of Chaperonopathies.

2016

There is considerable information on the clinical manifestations and mode of inheritance for many genetic chaperonopathies but little is known on the molecular mechanisms underlying the cell and tissue abnormalities that characterize them. This scarcity of knowledge is mostly due to the lack of appropriate animal models that mimic closely the human molecular, cellular, and histological characteristics. In this article we introduce zebrafish as a suitable model to study molecular and cellular mechanisms pertaining to human chaperonopathies. Genetic chaperonopathies manifest themselves from very early in life so it is necessary to examine the impact of mutant chaperone genes during developmen…

PhysiologyClinical BiochemistryModels AnimalMutationAnimalsHumansClinical Biochemistry; Cell Biology; PhysiologyGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseCell BiologyGenetic TestingZebrafishMolecular ChaperonesJournal of cellular physiology
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An evaluation of exposure metrics in an epidemiologic study on radio and television broadcast transmitters and the risk of childhood leukemia.

2009

Electric field strength values calculated by wave propagation modeling were applied as an exposure metric in a case–control study conducted in Germany to investigate a possible association between radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) emitted from television and radio broadcast transmitters and the risk of childhood leukemia. To validate this approach it was examined at 850 measurement sites whether calculated RF-EMF are an improvement to an exposure proxy based on distance from the place of residence to a transmitter. Further, the agreement between measured and calculated RF-EMF was explored. For dichotomization at the 90% quantiles of the exposure distributions it was found that…

PhysiologyRadio WavesBiophysicsSensitivity and SpecificityStatistical powerRadio spectrumCohen's kappaElectromagnetic FieldsGermanyStatisticsHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingChildMathematicsLeukemiabusiness.industryTransmitterGeneral MedicineEnvironmental ExposureAmplitudeCase-Control StudiesTelevisionRadio frequencybusinessRadio broadcastingRadio waveBioelectromagnetics
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