Search results for "STRATEGY"
showing 10 items of 2256 documents
Infection of Soybean Plants with the Insect Bacterial Symbiont Burkholderia gladioli and Evaluation of Plant Fitness
2017
To investigate the establishment and consequences of host-microbe interactions, it is important to develop controlled infection assays suitable for each system, as well as appropriate methods to evaluate successful infection and its associated effects. Here, we describe a procedure for bacterial inoculation of soybean plants, followed by the assessment of systemic infection and impact on plant fitness. Soybean (Glycine max) seedlings were mechanically wounded using a device that mimics insect herbivory and inoculated with known cell numbers of Burkholderia gladioli bacteria previously isolated from an insect host. The impact on the plants was evaluated by monitoring changes in height, time …
A Sequential Quadratic Programming Method for Volatility Estimation in Option Pricing
2006
Our goal is to identify the volatility function in Dupire's equation from given option prices. Following an optimal control approach in a Lagrangian framework, we propose a globalized sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm with a modified Hessian - to ensure that every SQP step is a descent direction - and implement a line search strategy. In each level of the SQP method a linear-quadratic optimal control problem with box constraints is solved by a primal-dual active set strategy. This guarantees L^1 constraints for the volatility, in particular assuring its positivity. The proposed algorithm is founded on a thorough first- and second-order optimality analysis. We prove the existe…
GARCH models with changes in variance: An approximation to risk measurements
2003
This study aims to model volatility as an approximation to an optimum measurement of stock market risk because of the importance of this concept for, among other things, the proper management of portfolios. Following the proposal of Lamoureux and Lastrapes (1990), the authors consider that the high degree of persistence detected in GARCH models arises from a poor specification of the equation of the variance due to not considering the possible deterministic changes in the unconditional variance of the financial series. To determine the point in time as well as the duration of these changes, the proposal made by Inclan and Tiao (1994) is used. As an empirical application, whether or not the …
The Quality of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX): a Multilevel Analysis of Individual-level, Organizational-level and Societal-level Antecedents
2021
Abstract We examine the direct relationships for both individual values and organizational-level culture on the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) in a multilevel, multi-society study. In addition, we investigate the moderating roles of organizational- and societal-level cultures. Using 2343 respondents from 12 samples, we performed hierarchical linear modelling analysis and found that individual-level collectivism and organizational-level clan and hierarchy cultures were positively related to LMX, while individual-level individualism and organizational-level market and adhocracy cultures were negatively related to LMX. None of the organizational culture types or societal cultures had …
ANÁLISIS DE LOS HOTELES DE ALTA CATEGORÍA DE CROACIA DESDE EL ENFOQUE HOTEL-HUÉSPED
2011
RESUMENCroacia viene experimentando un auge turístico notable en los últimos diez años. Es crucial para su futuro desarrollo saber gestionar el sector hotelero de acuerdo con las nuevas exigencias del mercado. Este trabajo pretende analizar los hoteles de alta categoría de Croacia desde un doble enfoque hotel-huésped, centrándose en una nueva estrategia de marketing denominada Comunicación Integrada de Marketing (CIM), los avances en las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) y la lealtad. Los resultados demuestran el elevado grado de implantación de las TIC y de la CIM y el grado moderado de los programas de lealtad en los hoteles analizados. Además, confirman la influencia de las…
Brazil, Russia, and Turkey: How New Democracies Deal with International Models of Higher Education?
2019
The purpose of this chapter is to address the issue of national translations of international influences and trends in higher education systems, as well as resistance to such paradigms. Three emerging countries, that is, Brazil, Russia, and Turkey, with very different geographical and historical contexts, will be considered as case studies. As young democracies, their strong national sentiment can contradict external recommendations in terms of the management of higher education.
The civic university: the policy and leadership challenges
2018
The societal role of higher education institutions has long been a topic of interest amongst academics and policy maker communities alike. In Europe, the EU’s Lisbon strategy (2000–2010) catapulted...
Innovation and R&D spillover effects in Spanish regions: A spatial approach
2007
Abstract This paper analyses the spatial patterns of innovation, its regional interdependencies and evolution, as well as its role in determining local innovation in Spanish regions. Results indicate the suitability of a trade-based regional proximity when considering spatial spillovers in innovation. In this context, not only local capacity is relevant in determining domestic innovation, but also spatial innovation spillovers, which result mainly from efforts in both higher education and public administration. Moreover, a minimum level of regional development is required to improve the effectiveness of R&D policies. Therefore, it is necessary for R&D policies to act in combination with oth…
Let the best story win : evaluation of the most cited business history articles
2017
Faced with intensifying competition for scientific impact measured in terms of citation counts, small disciplines are challenged to prove their importance as they lack the critical mass to accumulate large numbers of citations. This paper demonstrates that by emphasizing theoretical and methodological rigor even small disciplines such as business history can be competitive. Yet it still appears that readers of business history articles first and foremost seek interesting and useful subject matter, i.e. ‘best’ stories that can be used as background information and as tools in comparisons. However, articles advancing theory and methodology have increasingly gained interest and citations from …
Quantitative methods in business history: An impossible equation?
2010
Abstract In this article we want to evaluate how often quantitative tools and methods were utilized in the two premier journals in business history in the 1990s. Thus we tap into an important methodological discussion among the post-Chandlerian business historians. We found that simpler quantitative tools were employed quite often, but not necessarily going much beyond that.Also, it became apparent that the most cited business history articles were often written by scholars coming from‘outside’ the fluid disciplinary core of business history field.The analyses performed in the article revealed that the level of quantification seemed to have either no discernible impact (Business History Rev…