Search results for "STRESS"
showing 10 items of 6278 documents
Photothermoelastic analysis of thermal stresses in discs with eccentric holes
1970
The paper deals with thermal stresses that arise in discs with eccentric holes, such as are employed in the rotors of multi-stage gas turbines. The stress distribution was analysed by the photothermoelastic method. CR 39 sheets were used as the material and dry ice as the refrigerant. The effect of several geometric parameters on stress distribution, especially the influence of adjacent holes, was investigated by testing 32 configurations of discs. Curves that allow the determination of the peak stresses and optimum spacing of holes are given.
Oxidative stress inhibits IFN-α-induced antiviral gene expression by blocking the JAK–STAT pathway
2006
Abstract BACKGROUND/AIMS: Unresponsiveness to IFN-alpha is common in chronic hepatitis C. Since conditions associated with an increased oxidative stress (advanced age, steatosis, fibrosis, iron overload, and alcohol consumption) reduce the likelihood of response, we hypothesized that oxidative stress may affect the antiviral actions of IFN-alpha. METHODS: We examined in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Huh-7) the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as a generator of oxidative stress, on the IFN-alpha signaling pathway. RESULTS: Pretreatment of Huh-7 cells with 0.5-1 mM H2O2 resulted in the suppression of the IFN-alpha-induced antiviral protein MxA and of IRF-9 mRNA expression. Th…
Metallothionein family in sea urchin: Genes and their expression during embryo development and following exposure to stressors
2017
Echinoderms represent a very fascinating phylum belonging to deuterostome superphylum, including also hemichordates, tunicates and vertebrates. Among echinoderms, sea urchin species are studied worldwide as excellent model organisms for the study of developmental biology, and are suitable as bioindicators. During a study on the defense strategies activated by Paracentrotus lividus sea urchin embryos in response to CdCl2, we isolated five metallothionein (MT) cDNAs. Two of the five MT genes were constitutively expressed, whereas the other three genes appear to be specifically switched-on in response to cadmium treatment. With the aim of better understanding the evolutionary relationships, fu…
The Evolutionary Conserved Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif (TMBIM) Containing Protein Family Members 5 and 6 Are Essential for the Development and …
2021
Frontiers in cell and developmental biology 9, 666484 (2021). doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.666484 special issue: "Cell Death and Survival / You-Wen He, Speciality Chief Editor; Craig Michael Walsh, Speciality Chief Editor; Arm Ruhul Amin, Associate Editor; Gustavo P. Amarante-Mendes, Associate Editor"
Multilevel assessment of mental stress via network physiology paradigm using consumer wearable devices
2019
Mental stress is a physiological condition that has a strong negative impact on the quality of life, affecting both the physical and the mental health. For such a reason, accurate measurements of stress level can be helpful to provide mechanisms for prevention and treatment. This paper proposes a procedure for the classification of different mental stress levels by using physiological signals provided by low invasive wearable devices. 17 healthy volunteers participated in this study. Three different mental states were elicited in them: a resting condition, a stressful cognitive state, and a sustained attention task. The acquired physiological signals were: a one lead electrocardiogram (ECG)…
Aβ and tau toxicities in Alzheimer’s are linked via oxidative stress-induced p38 activation: Protective role of vitamin E
2014
AbstractOxidative stress is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We propose that rather than causing damage because of the action of free radicals, oxidative stress deranges signaling pathways leading to tau hyperphosphorylation, a hallmark of the disease. Indeed, incubation of neurons in culture with 5 µM beta-amyloid peptide (Aβ) causes an activation of p38 MAPK (p38) that leads to tau hyperphosphorylation. Inhibition of p38 prevents Aβ-induced tau phosphorylation. Aβ-induced effects are prevented when neurons are co-incubated with trolox (the water-soluble analog of vitamin E).We have confirmed these results in vivo, in APP/PS1 double transgenic mice of AD. We have found that APP/PS1 …
P08 Analysis of Nrf2-downstream targets after fumarate treatment in dorsal root ganglia—an anti-inflammatory therapy in neurodegenerative disease?!
2012
Background Dimethylfumarate (DMF) is a new disease modifying therapy. Several studies have shown convincing data after DMF therapy in both autoimmune inflammatory diseases and neurodegenerative disorders like Huntington9s disease (HD). DMF exerts neuroprotective effects via induction of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and detoxification pathways. Although the exact mechanisms that lead to neurodegeneration are not fully understood the contribution of oxidative stress inducing neurodegeneration is assumed. Aims To analyse the effects of DMF on axonal growth and regeneration and to describe the influence of DMF on the Nrf2-pathway. Methods/techniques We thus investigated the eff…
Effects of neuron-specific ADAM10 modulation in an in vivo model of acute excitotoxic stress.
2008
A disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 is the main candidate enzyme for the alpha-secretase processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Neuron-specific ADAM10 overexpression proved beneficial in the APP[V717I] mutant Alzheimer mouse model [Postina R, Schroeder A, Dewachter I, Bohl J, Schmitt U, Kojro E, Prinzen C, Endres K, Hiemke C, Blessing M, Flamez P, Dequenne A, Godaux E, van Leuven F, Fahrenholz F (2004) A disintegrin-metalloproteinase prevents amyloid plaque formation and hippocampal defects in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. J Clin Invest 113:1456-1464]. Since Alzheimer patients have a high prevalence for epileptic seizures, we investigated the effects of ADAM10 modula…
Stress responses in citrus peel: Comparative analysis of host responses to Huanglongbing disease and puffing disorder
2015
Abstract A comparison between transcriptomic responses to puffing disorder and Huanglongbing disease was conducted to decipher differences and similarities in gene and pathway regulation induced by abiotic (puffing) and biotic stresses (Huanglongbing) in citrus peel tissues. We functionally analyzed two previously published datasets: the first obtained for the study of puffing disorder using an Affymetrix citrus microarray and the second consisting of a deep sequencing analysis of symptomatic responses to Huanglongbing disease. Transcriptomic data were mined using bioinformatic tools to highlight genes and pathways playing a key role in modulating responses to different types of stress in c…
Cell cycle: Aetiology of age-associated aneuploidy: a mechanism based on the 'free radical theory of ageing'
1995
A general model is put forward to explain the mechanism by which age-associated aneuploidies are produced. This is based on the free radical theory of ageing, which assumes a rise in oxidative stress with age. It is proposed that determination of indicators of oxidative stress in oocytes from various sources could be a first step in the testing of this hypothesis.