Search results for "SUBSTANCES"

Peginterferon-Α_2B plus ribavirin is more effective than peginterferon-Α_2A plus ribavirin in menopausal women with chronic hepatitis C

2012

Summary.  Under-enrolment of women to randomized clinical trials, including chronic hepatitis C, has long been recognized. The aim of this study was to identify factors predictive of sustained virological response (SVR) to PEG IFN/Ribavirin antiviral therapy in relation to gender and reproductive status of female patients involved. Seven hundred and forty-six treatment-naive patients (431 men, 315 women) treated with Peg-IFNα-2a (180 μg/week) or Peg-IFNα-2b (1.5 μg/kg/week) plus ribavirin (800–1400  mg/day) for 24 or 48 weeks were studied between 2006 and 2010. Differences in SVR rate, overall and by gender were assessed after adjustment and propensity score matching. SVR was obtained in 44…

Global validation of the WSES Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections : a prospective multicentre study (WISS …

2015

BACKGROUND: To validate a new practical Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) including the clinical conditions at the admission (severe sepsis/septic shock), the origin of the cIAIs, the delay in source control, the setting of acquisition and any risk factors such as age and immunosuppression. ----- METHODS: The WISS study (WSES cIAIs Score Study) is a multicenter observational study underwent in 132 medical institutions worldwide during a four-month study period (October 2014-February 2015). Four thousand five hundred thirty-three patients with a mean age of 51.2 years (range 18-99) were enrolled in the WISS study. ----- RESULTS: Univariate…

Oxidative tissue damage after phacoemulsification: influence of ophthalmic viscosurgical devices.

2003

To quantify the oxidative tissue damage after phacoemulsification, correlate the damage to the energy applied, and investigate the influence of ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs).Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.The study comprised 130 eyes operated on by 1 surgeon using the same phacoemulsification machine. Some eyes received an OVD before phacoemulsification and some did not. Energy values were expressed as phaco time; that is, ultrasound (US) time (seconds) after conversion to 100% phaco power. Patients were grouped as follows: Group 1, phaco time less than 20 seconds and no OVD; Group 2, phaco time 20 to 40 seconds and no OVD; Group 3, phaco time mor…

Cytoskeleton mediates negative inotropism and lusitropism of chromogranin A-derived peptides (human vasostatin1-78 and rat CgA(1-64)) in the rat heart

2010

Cytoskeleton scaffold in cardiac myocytes provides structural support and compartmentalization of intracellular components. It is implicated in cardiac pathologies including hypertrophy and failure, playing a key role in the determinism of contractile and diastolic dysfunctions. Chromogranin A (CgA) and its derived peptides have revealed themselves as novel cardiovascular modulators. In humans, normal CgA levels considerably increase in several pathologies, including heart failure. Recent data have shown on the unstimulated rat heart that human recombinant Vasostatin-1 (hrVS-1) and rat chromogranin A 1-64 (rCgA(1-64)) induce negative inotropic and lusitropic effects counteracting the beta-a…

Which is the best ultrasound parameter for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome within 1 day of delivery?

2021

To compare the accuracies of several sonographic parameters for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome (APO) prior to delivery.This was a prospective study of fetuses attending the day hospital unit of a tertiary referral hospital that were scanned at 34-41 weeks and gave birth within 24 h of examination. APO was defined as a composite of abnormal intrapartum fetal heart rate or intrapartum fetal scalp pH7.20 requiring urgent cesarean section, neonatal umbilical cord pH7.10, 5' Apgar score7 and postpartum admission to neonatal or pediatric intensive care units. The accuracies of the middle cerebral, vertebral and umbilical arteries pulsatility index multiples of the median (MoM), the c…

2013

Purpose This study assessed, for the first time, prevalence estimates for physical and cognitive doping within a single collective of athletes using the randomized response technique (RRT). Furthermore, associations between the use of legal and freely available substances to improve physical and cognitive performance (enhancement) and illicit or banned substances to improve physical and cognitive performance (doping) were examined. Methods An anonymous questionnaire using the unrelated question RRT was used to survey 2,997 recreational triathletes in three sports events (Frankfurt, Regensburg, and Wiesbaden) in Germany. Prior to the survey, statistical power analyses were performed to deter…

Smokeless tobacco, sport and the heart

2014

SummarySmokeless tobacco (snuff) is a finely ground or shredded tobacco that is sniffed through the nose or placed between the cheek and gum. Chewing tobacco is used by putting a wad of tobacco inside the cheek. Smokeless tobacco is widely used by young athletes to enhance performance because nicotine improves some aspects of physiology. However, smokeless tobacco has harmful health effects, including cardiovascular disorders, linked to nicotine physiological effects, mainly through catecholamine release. Nicotine decreases heart rate variability and the ventricular fibrillation threshold, and promotes the occurrence of various arrhythmias; it also impairs endothelial-dependent vasodilation…

PReS-FINAL-2088: Risk of severe adverse events in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease, treated with anti-tnf…

2013

Introduction: Severe adverse events have been described in children affected by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) treated with anti-tnf drugs. Objectives: To define the risk of severe adverse events in patients with JIA and IBD treated with anti-tnf drugs. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. All patients with JIA and IBD attending the "IRCCS Burlo Garofolo" of Trieste from 2000 to 2012 were enrolled. They were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence or absence of anti-tnf exposure. Severe adverse events were considered the followings: a) infections needing anti-tnf permanent suspension and/or hospitalization; b) autoimmune disease…

Oral capecitabine and Vinorelbine in Metastatic Breast Cancer. A Retrospective Analysis of Tolerability and Activity

2012

ABSTRACT Background The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze toxicity profile and activity of an all-oral combination schedule of Capecitabine (Cape) and Vinorelbine (VNR) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients (pts). Methods All pts treated had a histological confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). Each 3-week cycle of treatment consisted of 500 mg/m2 cape twice daily (2 weeks on, 1 week off), and 60 mg/m2 VNR on days 1 and 8. Results From June'07 to December'11 we analyzed 77 MBC pts. Median age was 52 years (range 34-73). 58 pts (75,3%) had a performance status (PS) ECOG 0; 13 pts (16,8%) PS1, 6 pts (7,8%) PS2. 5 pts (6,5%) had metastatic disease at time of diagnos…

Lipid peroxidation capacities in the myocardium of endurance-trained rats and mice in vitro.

1992

The endurance-training programme in Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) consisted of a total swimming time of 149–159 h per male Han Wistar rat and in Experiment 2 (Exp. 2) the male NMRI-mice run on a treadmill at a speed of 25 m min-1 1 h per day, 5 days a week for 3 weeks. One group of the rat hearts was perfused with 0.3 mm cumene hydroperoxide (CumOOH) while the others were fractioned (mitochondria, sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum) and these cell fractions and homogenates were used to determine the total concentration of peroxidative lipids and the susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. The perfusion with CumOOH caused the release of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) into the perfu…