Search results for "SULFATE"
showing 10 items of 657 documents
Dose Responsive Effects of Subcutaneous Pentosan Polysulfate Injection in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI Rats and Comparison to Oral Treatment
2014
Background We previously demonstrated the benefits of daily, oral pentosan polysulfate (PPS) treatment in a rat model of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type VI. Herein we compare these effects to once weekly, subcutaneous (s.c.) injection. The bioavailability of injected PPS is greater than oral, suggesting better delivery to difficult tissues such as bone and cartilage. Injected PPS also effectively treats osteoarthritis in animals, and has shown success in osteoarthritis patients. Methodology/principal findings One-month-old MPS VI rats were given once weekly s.c. injections of PPS (1, 2 and 4 mg/kg, human equivalent dose (HED)), or daily oral PPS (4 mg/kg HED) for 6 months. Serum inflammato…
Sites of sulfatation in the chondrocytes of the articular cartilage of the rabbit
1977
35S sulfate uptake by the articular cartilage chondrocytes, from biopsies of rabbit, have been studied by high resolution autoradiography. The Golgi apparatus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol, cytoplasmic membrane and extracellular space were considered as cell compartments in the quantitative analysis of the autoradiograms. The results obtained show: 1) a high activity of radiosotope incorporation in the Golgi apparatus; 2) a fast rhythm of transfer of the substances labelled in the Golgi apparatus to the cell membrane; 3) significant labelling of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, throughout the experiment. It is concluded: 1) The grains observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum show…
Molecular evolution of the metazoan extracellular matrix: cloning and expression of structural proteins from the demosponges Suberites domuncula and …
2000
One crucial event during evolution to multicellularity was the development of either direct cell–cell contact or indirect interaction via extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. The identification of those polypeptides provides conclusive data on the phylogenetic relationship of metazoan phyla and helps us to understand the position of the Metazoa among the other kingdoms. Recently it became evident that the ECM of sponges is amazingly complex; it is composed of fibrous molecules, e.g., collagen, and their corresponding receptors, which are highly similar to those existing in other metazoan phyla. While these data already support the view of monophyly of Metazoa, additional studies are requir…
Agrin in the Developing CNS: New Roles for a Synapse Organizer
2002
The heparan sulfate proteoglycan agrin is responsible for the formation, maintenance, and regeneration of the neuromuscular junction. In the central nervous system, agrin is widely expressed and concentrated at interneuronal synapses, but its function during synaptogenesis remains controversial. Instead, evidence for additional functions of agrin during axonal growth, establishment of the blood-brain barrier, and Alzheimer’s disease is accumulating.
Characterization of the trimeric, self-recognizing Geodia cydonium lectin I.
1983
A D-galactose-specific lectin I was extracted from the sponge Geodia cydonium and purified by affinity chromatography. The molecular weight of lectin I as determined by high-pressure liquid gel chromatography, was found to be 36500 +/- 1300. Disc gel electrophoresis in the presence and in the absence of sodium dodecyl sulfate showed that lectin I is a trimer composed of three different subunits (Mr: 13800, 13000 and 12200); two of the three subunits are linked by one disulfide bond. Isoelectric focusing gave a pI of 5.6 for the native molecule and a pI of 4.4 and of 7.4 for the subunits. The three subunits carry carbohydrate side chains, composed of D-galactose (94%) and of arabinose (5%). …
Influence of lipid physical state on the in vitro digestibility of emulsified lipids.
2008
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the physical state of emulsified lipids on their in vitro digestibility by pancreatic lipase. A 10 wt % tripalmitin oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.9 wt % SDS) was prepared at a temperature (>70 degrees C) above the melting point of the lipid phase (T(m) approximately 60 degrees C). A portion of this emulsion was cooled to a temperature (0 degrees C for 15 min) well below the crystallization temperature of the emulsified lipid (T(c) approximately 22 degrees C) and then warmed to 37 degrees C so as to have completely solid lipid particles. Another portion of the emulsion was directly cooled from 70 …
Impact of uncharged and charged stabilizers on in vitro drug performances of clarithromycin nanocrystals
2018
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of charge on the in vitro drug performances of clarithromycin nanocrystals. To prepare different charges of nanocrystals, media milling was employed with the use of different stabilizing systems. The uncharged nanocrystals were prepared from poloxamer 407. The negatively and positively charged nanocrystals were stabilized using a combination of poloxamer 407 with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), respectively. After production, the particle size of the negatively and positively charged nanocrystals was smaller than that of the uncharged one. The similar particle size of variously charged clarithromycin…
Energy distribution of plasma-assisted electron and ion emission from TGS single crystals
2008
Abstract Electron and ion emission accompanying non-thermal plasma processes, produced at the surface of TGS single crystals under driving ac electric field exceeding 10 3 V/cm, have been carried out. These plasma-assisted emission of electrons and ions were examined by means of time and energy distribution measurements. The intensity of registered charges (electrons and ions) displayed on the 2 ms time scale are represented by two distinct peaks. Time dependent energy spectrum of charges, detected under our experimental conditions, involves electrons and ions with maximum energy up to 30–40 eV for first peaks and up to 70–80 eV for second one. Additionally, the energy of electrons is focu…
Inhibition of the precipitation of barium salts in sodium dodecyl sulfate/0.1 M HCl/n-pentanol microemulsions and liquid crystals
1989
Abstract The phase ternary diagram of the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)/0.1 M HCl/n-pentanol system is studied. Three monophase regions were observed: water rich and n-pentanol rich microemulsions, and a liquid crystal. These media have a strong ability to control the rate of crystal growth of barium sulfate and barium dodecyl sulfate, the precipitation being totally inhibited in the liquid crystal region.
Conversion of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone over Zr-containing metal-organic frameworks: Evidencing the role of Lewis and Brønsted acid sites
2021
Zr-containing UiO-66 and MOF-808 are evaluated for converting levulinic acid (LA) into γ-valerolactone (GVL) through various routes: (i) Step-wise esterification of LA to n-butyl levulinate (nBuL) and Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reduction to GVL; (ii) One-pot two-steps esterification with n-butanol followed by MPV reduction with sec-butanol; and (iii) direct conversion of LA into GVL through a tandem reaction. Selection of this multistep complex reaction evidences the participation of the different acid sites (Lewis or Brønsted) of the material in each individual step: Brønsted-induced acid sites catalyze esterification reaction efficiently, while Lewis acid sites are the preferred sites…