Search results for "Saccharides"

showing 10 items of 533 documents

Neuraminidase deficiency presenting as non-immune hydrops fetalis

1984

A newborn infant with oedema, ascites and hepatosplenomegaly is described. In ascites fluid foamy macrophages were found, in a liver biopsy cytoplasmic inclusions and membrane-bound vacuoles were seen. Furthermore the child excreted excessive amounts of sialic acid-rich oligosaccharides in the urine, and therefore a neurovisceral degenerative disorder was assumed. The diagnosis of sialidosis was confirmed by enzymatic assay in cultured fibroblasts, in which a complete deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme neuraminidase could be demonstrated. After recurrent septicaemias the child became dystrophic and died at the age of 6 months. Our case is compared with sialidosis observed by other authors, …

Cytoplasmic inclusionHepatosplenomegalyNeuraminidaseOligosaccharidesMucolipidosesalpha-MannosidaseHydrops fetalisMannosidasesAscitesLeukocytesmedicineLysosomal storage diseaseEdemaHumansSialidosisalpha-L-Fucosidasemedicine.diagnostic_testbiologybusiness.industryInfant NewbornFibroblastsbeta-Galactosidasemedicine.diseasebeta-N-AcetylhexosaminidasesHexosaminidasesLiverLiver biopsyPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthImmunologybiology.proteinFemalemedicine.symptomLysosomesbusinessNeuraminidaseEuropean Journal of Pediatrics
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Dendritic cells trigger tumor cell death by a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.

2007

Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are well known for their capacity to induce adaptive antitumor immune response through Ag presentation and tumor-specific T cell activation. Recent findings reveal that besides this role, DCs may display additional antitumor effects. In this study, we provide evidence that LPS- or IFN-γ-activated rat bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) display killing properties against tumor cells. These cytotoxic BMDCs exhibit a mature DC phenotype, produce high amounts of IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-α, and retain their phagocytic properties. BMDC-mediated tumor cell killing requires cell-cell contact and depends on NO production, but not on perforin/granzyme or on death re…

Cytotoxicity ImmunologicLipopolysaccharidesT cellImmunologyBlotting WesternBone Marrow CellsBiologyNitric OxideImmune systemAdjuvants ImmunologicCell Line TumorNeoplasmsmedicineImmunology and AllergyCytotoxic T cellAnimalsHumansFollicular dendritic cellsCell DeathDendritic CellsFlow CytometryCell biologyRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureGranzymePerforinCell cultureApoptosisbiology.proteinJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
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A real-time PCR assay for detection and quantification of 2-branched (1,3)-β-D–glucan producing lactic acid bacteria in cider

2010

28 p.-1 fig.-4 tab.

DNA Bacterialbeta-GlucansFood spoilageMicrobiologyMelting curve analysisMicrobiologyPolysaccharidesLactobacillus(13)(12)--D-glucanLactic acid bacteriaFood sciencePediococcusOenococcusOenococcus oeniDNA PrimersbiologyBacteriaSpoilageReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionAlcoholic BeveragesGeneral MedicineAmpliconbiology.organism_classificationBacterial Typing TechniquesLactobacillusCidersGenes BacterialGlucosyltransferasesFood MicrobiologyPediococcusProteoglycansOenococcusBacteriaFood ScienceReal-time PCR
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Polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii var. elaeoselini (Agaricomycetes), a New Potential Culinary-Medicinal Oyster Mushroom from Italy.

2020

Three water-soluble glucans (PELPS-A1, PELPS-A2, and PELPS-A3) purified from the hot water extract of the basidiomata of an edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii var. elaeoselini by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose 32 and Sephadex G-100 column were found to consist of only D-glucose as monosaccharide constituent. Structural investigation was carried out by acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR experiments (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC). On the basis of these experiments, the structures of the repeating unit of the three isolated polysaccharides were established as follows: (1) PELPS-A1: {[→3)-α-D-Glcp-(1→]3→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→2)-α-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1[→6)-β-D-…

DPPH assayAntioxidantMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyDPPHmedicine.medical_treatmentpolysaccharidesantioxidant activityPolysaccharidePleurotusApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Discoverymedicinehydroxyl radical scavenging activityMonosaccharidePleurotus eryngiiPleurotus eryngii var. elaoseliniGlucansPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationMushroombiologymedicinal mushroomsHydroxyl Radicalbiology.organism_classificationPleurotus eryngii var. elaoselini polysaccharides antioxidant activity DPPH assay hydroxyl radical scavenging activity medicinal mushroomsEdible mushroomchemistrySettore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale E ApplicataHydroxyl radicalNuclear chemistryInternational journal of medicinal mushrooms
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Identification of Leguminosae gums and evaluation of carob-guar mixtures by capillary zone electrophoresis of protein extracts.

2002

A procedure for the extraction and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) separation of proteins from carob, guar and tara gums in a background electrolyte (BGE) of pH 9 containing 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol is described. The CZE protein profiles exhibit characteristic peaks for each one of the Leguminosae gums, which can be used to construct models capable of identifying samples of carob, guar and tara gums, and predicting the guar content in binary carob-guar mixtures of different geographical origin and harvested in different years. The classification and prediction models are constructed by using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and multiple linear regression (MLR), respectively. An excelle…

Detection limitChromatographyGuar gumResolution (mass spectrometry)ChemistryPlant ExtractsClinical BiochemistryExtraction (chemistry)GuarElectrophoresis CapillaryFabaceaeBiochemistryGalactansAnalytical ChemistryMannansCapillary electrophoresisModels ChemicalPolysaccharidesLinear regressionCalibrationPlant GumsElectrophoresis
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Coexpression of inducible NO synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase in colonic enterocytes: a pathophysiologic signaling pathway for the initiation of…

1998

Infectious diarrhea is often caused by the exotoxins of gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli. However, these organisms also contain lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin. LPS induces nitric oxide synthase II (NOS II, inducible NOS) in various types of cells. We now demonstrate by RNase protection analysis, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry that the expression of NOS II mRNA and protein is markedly induced in colonic enterocytes of mice that ingest LPS with their drinking water. Using the same techniques, significant levels of soluble guanylyl cyclase (GC-S), the effector enzyme of NO, were found constitutively expressed in the mucosa. This creates a pathophysiologic autocrine p…

DiarrheaLipopolysaccharidesmedicine.medical_specialtyGram-negative bacteriaLipopolysaccharideColonNitric Oxide Synthase Type IImedicine.disease_causeGuanidinesBiochemistryDexamethasoneMicrobiologyMicechemistry.chemical_compoundWestern blotInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineAnimalsIntestinal MucosaAutocrine signallingMolecular BiologyEscherichia colibiologymedicine.diagnostic_testbiology.organism_classificationDiarrheaEndocrinologySolubilitychemistryGuanylate CyclaseNitric Oxide Synthasemedicine.symptomSignal transductionGram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsSoluble guanylyl cyclaseSignal TransductionBiotechnologyThe FASEB Journal
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Characterization of a new natural fiber from Arundo donax L. as potential reinforcement of polymer composites.

2013

Abstract The aim of this paper is to study the possibility of using of Arundo donax L. fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites. The fibers are extracted from the outer part of the stem of the plant, which widely grows in Mediterranean area and is diffused all around the world. To use these lignocellulosic fibers as reinforcement in polymer composites, it is necessary to investigate their microstructure, chemical composition and mechanical properties. Therefore, the morphology of A. donax L. fibers was investigated through electron microscopy, the thermal behavior through thermogravimetric analysis and the real density through a helium pycnometer. The chemical composition of the natura…

Dietary FiberThermogravimetric analysisMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsPolymersPoaceaeLigninchemistry.chemical_compoundPolysaccharidesTensile StrengthUltimate tensile strengthMaterials TestingSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMaterials ChemistryHemicelluloseCelluloseComposite materialCelluloseNatural fiberbiologyOrganic ChemistryTemperatureArundo donaxMicrostructurebiology.organism_classificationCharacterization (materials science)Arundo donax fiber Mechanical property Infrared spectroscopy Thermogravimetric analysis Scanning electron microscopy Statistical analysisSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryMicroscopy Electron ScanningCarbohydrate polymers
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Transcriptome analysis of Pseudomonas mediterranea and P. corrugata plant pathogens during accumulation of medium-chain-length PHAs by glycerol bioco…

2017

Pseudomonas corrugata and P. mediterranea are soil inhabitant bacteria, generally living as endophytes on symptomless plants and bare soil, but also capable of causing plant diseases. They share a similar genome size and a high proteome similarity. P. corrugata produces many biomolecules which play an important role in bacterial cell survival and fitness. Both species produce different medium-chain-length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) from the bioconversion of glycerol to a transparent film in P. mediterranea and a sticky elastomer in P. corrugata. In this work, using RNA-seq we investigated the transcriptional profiles of both bacteria at the early stationary growth phase with glycerol as the carbon sou…

EXPRESSION0301 basic medicineGlycerolAlginatesBioconversionPseudomonas mediterraneaPlant DiseasePOLYHYDROXYALKANOATESBioengineeringPolyhydroxyalkanoatePseudomonaTRANSACYLASEBacterial cell structureMicrobiologyTranscriptome03 medical and health sciencesPseudomonasDEPOLYMERASEMolecular BiologyDE-NOVO BIOSYNTHESISSoil MicrobiologyPlant DiseasesbiologyBase SequenceGene Expression ProfilingPseudomonasAlginatePolysaccharides BacterialSettore AGR/12 - Patologia VegetaleGeneral MedicineBiosynthetic PathwayGene Expression Regulation Bacterialbiology.organism_classificationBiosynthetic PathwaysDE-NOVO BIOSYNTHESIS ESCHERICHIA-COLI ALGINATE PRODUCTION PUTIDA KT2442 POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES TOMATO LIPODEPSIPEPTIDE TRANSACYLASE DEPOLYMERASE EXPRESSIONALGINATE PRODUCTIONLIPODEPSIPEPTIDEPseudomonas corrugataMetabolic pathwayRNA Bacterial030104 developmental biologyBiochemistryESCHERICHIA-COLIPUTIDA KT2442TOMATOBacteriaBiotechnology
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N-Glycosylation modification of proteins is an early marker of the enterocytic differentiation process of HT-29 cells

1990

International audience; The human colon cancer cell line HT-29 remains totally undifferentiated when glucose is present in the culture medium (HT-29 Glc+), while the same cells may undergo typical enterocytic differentiation after reaching confluence when grown in glucose-deprived medium (HT-29 Glc-). Recently, we demonstrated a deficiency in the overall N-glycan processing in confluent undifferentiated cells, whereas differentiated cells follow a classical pattern of N-glycosylation. The main changes in N-glycosylation observed in confluent undifferentiated cells may be summarised as follows: 1) the conversion of high mannose into complex glycopeptides is greatly decreased; 2) this decreas…

EmbryologyGlycosylationGrowth phaseCellular differentiationMedicine (miscellaneous)macromolecular substancesBiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineN-linked glycosylationPolysaccharides[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry[SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development BiologyTumor Cells CulturedHumansProcess (anatomy)[SDV.BDLR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Reproductive Biology030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciences[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryProteinsCell Differentiation[CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryGlycopeptideIntestinescarbohydrates (lipids)Human colon cancer[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionGlucoseReproductive MedicineBiochemistrychemistryCell culture030220 oncology & carcinogenesisColonic Neoplasmslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Animal Science and ZoologyGlycoproteinMannoseCell DivisionDevelopmental BiologyFood Science
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The Antiviral Activity of Bacterial, Fungal, and Algal Polysaccharides as Bioactive Ingredients: Potential Uses for Enhancing Immune Systems and Prev…

2021

Viral infections may cause serious human diseases. For instance, the recent appearance of the novel virus, SARS-CoV-2, causing COVID-19, has spread globally and is a serious public health concern. The consumption of healthy, proper, functional, and nutrient-rich foods has an important role in enhancing an individual's immune system and preventing viral infections. Several polysaccharides from natural sources such as algae, bacteria, and fungi have been considered as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by the US Food and Drug Administration. They are safe, low-toxicity, biodegradable, and have biological activities. In this review, the bioactive polysaccharides derived from various microorga…

Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMicroorganismReviewPolysaccharideimmunomodulationsulfated polysaccharidesVirusMicrobiologyImmune systemGenerally recognized as safeTX341-641Nutritionchemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsbiologySARS-CoV-2Nutrition. Foods and food supplyCOVID-19Antimicrobialbiology.organism_classificationViruschemistryDrug deliveryantiviral activityBacteriaFood ScienceFrontiers in Nutrition
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