Search results for "Salinity Gradient Power"

showing 10 items of 46 documents

Reverse electrodialysis with saline waters and concentrated brines: A laboratory investigation towards technology scale-up

2015

Abstract The use of concentrated brines and brackish water as feed solutions in reverse electrodialysis represents a valuable alternative to the use of river/sea water, allowing the enhancement of power output through the increase of driving force and reduction of internal stack resistance. Apart from a number of theoretical works, very few experimental investigations have been performed so far to explore this possibility. In the present work, two RED units of different size were tested using artificial saline solutions. The effects of feed concentration, temperature and flowrate on process performance parameters were analysed, adopting two different sets of membranes. These experiments all…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciBrackish waterChemistrySettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciEnvironmental engineeringFiltration and SeparationBiochemistryVolumetric flow ratesalinity gradient power RED seawater brackish water brine.BrineReversed electrodialysisSCALE-UPOsmotic powerGeneral Materials ScienceSeawaterPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPower density
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CFD PREDICTION OF SCALAR TRANPORT IN THIN CHANNELS FOR REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS

2014

Reverse ElectroDialysis (RED) is a very promising technology allowing the electrochemical potential difference of a salinity gradient to be directly converted into electric energy. Fluid dynamics optimization of the thin channels to be devoted for the RED process is still an open problem. The present preliminary work focuses on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation of the flow and concentration fields in these channels. In particular three different configurations were investigated: a channel unprovided with a spacer and two different spacer (made of either overlapped filaments or woven filaments) filled channels. Two passive scalars were transported along with the water in orde…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciCFD Salinity Gradient Power renewable energy Reverse Electro Dialysis water electric energy spacer woven polarization concentration concentration boundary layerSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciSettore ING-IND/06 - Fluidodinamica
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Performance of the first reverse electrodialysis pilot plant for power production from saline waters and concentrated brines

2016

Abstract This work reports experimental data collected for the first time on a full-scale RED pilot plant operated with natural streams in a real environment. The plant – located in the South of Italy – represents the final accomplishment of the REAPower project ( www.reapower.eu ). A RED unit equipped with almost 50 m2 of IEMs (125 cell pairs, 44x44 cm2) was tested, using both artificial and natural feed solutions, these latter corresponding to brackish water (≈0.03 M NaClequivalent) and saturated brine (4–5 M NaClequivalent). A power output up to around 40 W (i.e. 1.6 W/m2 of cell pair) was reached using natural solutions, while an increase of 60% was observed when testing the system with…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciEngineeringBrineFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologySTREAMS010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencesBiochemistryReversed electrodialysisOsmotic powerSalinity gradient powerGeneral Materials SciencePower outputPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0105 earth and related environmental sciencesBrackish waterFoulingbusiness.industryREAPowerBrackish waterEnvironmental engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyBrackish water; Brine; Natural solutions; REAPower; Salinity gradient power; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Materials Science (all); Biochemistry; Filtration and SeparationBrinePilot plantMaterials Science (all)0210 nano-technologybusinessNatural solution
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Towards 1 kW power production in a reverse electrodialysis pilot plant with saline waters and concentrated brines

2017

Abstract Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is a promising technology to extract energy from salinity gradients, especially in the areas where concentrated brine and saline waters are available as feed streams. A first pilot-scale plant was recently built in Trapani (Italy), and tested with real brackish water and brine from saltworks. The present work focuses on the scale-up of the pilot plant, reaching more than 400 m 2 of total membrane area installed and representing the largest operating RED plant so far reported in the literature. With a nominal power capacity of 1 kW, the pilot plant reached almost 700 W of power capacity using artificial brine and brackish water, while a 50% decrease in …

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciEngineeringBrineSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologySTREAMSBiochemistry020401 chemical engineeringBriningReversed electrodialysisSalinity gradient powerGeneral Materials Science0204 chemical engineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIon exchange membraneBrackish waterbusiness.industryREAPowerBrackish waterEnvironmental engineeringRED021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPower (physics)SalinityPilot plantMaterials Science (all)Brackish water; Brine; Ion exchange membrane; REAPower; RED; Salinity gradient power; Biochemistry; Materials Science (all); Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Filtration and Separation0210 nano-technologybusinessNominal power (photovoltaic)Journal of Membrane Science
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CFD analysis of concentration polarization phenomena in spacer-filled channels for Reverse Electro-Dialysis

2012

In this work, carried out within the EU-FP7 funded REAPower project, CFD simulations were carried out in order to study the fluid flow behaviour and mass transport phenomena within spacer-filled channels.

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciFluid DynamicSalinity gradient powerconcentration polarizationmodelingspacer filled channelReapower ProjectCFDSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti Nucleari
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Potential applications of Salinity Gradient Power-Heat Engines for recovering low-temperature waste heat in cogeneration plants

2021

Abstract Salinity Gradient Power-Heat Engine is an innovative technology able to convert very low-temperature heat into electricity. Energy and economic benefits could be achieved by integrating this technology into cogeneration plants, where the exploitation of waste heat available during the operation could increase the revenues arising from “High-Efficiency” labels. For the first time, this paper proposes two potential applications in this field, and three illustrative case studies are purposely investigated. In the first case study, a salinity gradient-heat engine converts the waste heat available from a cogeneration plant serving an industrial process. In the second case study, a salin…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciPrimary energy020209 energyEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologylaw.inventionCogeneration020401 chemical engineeringlawWaste heat0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOsmotic powerSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica Industriale0204 chemical engineeringProcess engineeringHeat engineRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryPrime moverFuel TechnologyHeat to Power technologies Low-temperature waste heat Salinity Gradient Power Heat Engine Reverse Electrodialysis Cogeneration plants Energy saving.Nuclear Energy and EngineeringEnvironmental scienceElectricitybusinessHeat pump
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Reverse Electrodialysis with seawater and concentrated brine: a comprehensive process modelling

2012

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciReapower projectPerformance analysiBrineReverse ElectrodialysisSettore ING-IND/25 - Impianti ChimiciSalinity gradient powerProcess modellingSeawaterModelling
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A methodology for assessing the impact of salinity gradient power generation in urban contexts

2018

Abstract The paper proposes a methodology to assess the potential impact of salinity gradient power technology in urban contexts. The idea to employ such energy source in urban contexts derives from the observation that, among the energy districts outputs, low-salinity treated wastewater can be used to produce electricity if a suitable source of high salinity feed (seawater of a salt-works) is also available. The methodology uses the HOMER software for assessing the district’s electric energy production, consumption and exchange with the main grid. Then, starting from the total gross surface and the number of inhabitants of the district, some possible realistic scenarios characterized by di…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industry020209 energyGeography Planning and DevelopmentPhotovoltaic systemEnvironmental engineeringUrban densityTransportation02 engineering and technologyGridSettore ING-IND/33 - Sistemi Elettrici Per L'EnergiaSalinitySettore ING-IND/31 - Elettrotecnica0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOsmotic powerEnvironmental scienceSeawaterElectricitybusinessEnergy sourceSalinity gradient power Urban energy hub Sustainable cities Distributed generation HOMERCivil and Structural EngineeringSustainable Cities and Society
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REVERSE ELECTRODIALYSIS HEAT ENGINE: Low-grade Waste Heat into Electricity

Our society is undergoing a progressive change about the life style and habits. The world population is continuously increasing with 7.6 billion of human beings in 2018, resulting in an increasingly demand of resources in terms of food, water and energy. The exploitation of the planet resources since the first Industrial Revolution, results today in an unsustainable condition, which requires fundamental changes. In particular, in the energy sector the adoption of fossil fuels as the main energy source for human beings’ activities resulted in a strong impact on our planet, leading to climate changes and environmental pollution. Nowadays these aspects have induced society to a substantial cha…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciSalinity Gradient Heat EngineReverse ElectrodialysiWaste heat recovery.Regeneration UnitSalinity Gradient PowerThermolytic saltLow-grade heat
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Modelling Reverse Electrodialysis process via Exergy Analysis

2017

Salinity Gradient Power Heat Engines (SGP-HEs) represent a novel technology to convert low grade waste heat into electricity. Reverse Electrodialysis Heat Engine (REDHE) is one of the possible application of this concept, where a common RED unit is coupled with a thermal regeneration unit supplied with waste heat to restore the salinity gradient of the streams to be fed back to the RED unit. In a RED unit, anion and cation exchange membranes (AEMs and CEMs) are alternatively stacked and interposed between salt solutions at different concentration generating an electric potential difference over each membrane along with a selective transport of cations and anions from the concentrated soluti…

Settore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciSettore ING-IND/10 - Fisica Tecnica IndustrialeSalinity Gradient Power (SGP) Reverse Electrodialysis (RED) Exergy AnalysiEnergy productions Irreversibility
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