Search results for "Salinity"

showing 10 items of 374 documents

Boosting the performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis – Multi-Effect Distillation Heat Engine by novel solutions and operating conditions

2019

Abstract This work presents a performance analysis of a waste-heat-to-power Reverse Electrodialysis Heat Engine (RED-HE) with a Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) unit as the regeneration stage. The performance of the system is comparatively evaluated using two different salts, sodium chloride and potassium acetate, and investigating the impact of different working solutions concentration and temperature in the RED unit. For both salt solutions, the impact of membrane properties on the system efficiency is analysed by considering reference ionic exchange membranes and high-performing membranes. Detailed mathematical models for the RED and MED units have been used to predict the thermal efficie…

KAcSettore ING-IND/26 - Teoria Dello Sviluppo Dei Processi ChimiciThermal efficiencyMaterials science020209 energy02 engineering and technologyManagement Monitoring Policy and Law7. Clean energyHeat-to-powerlaw.invention020401 chemical engineeringlawReversed electrodialysisHeat conversion0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringOsmotic powerSalinity gradient powerExergy0204 chemical engineeringDistillationHeat engineMechanical EngineeringBuilding and Construction6. Clean waterGeneral EnergyMembraneChemical engineeringMultiple-effect distillationOsmotic powerExergy efficiencyApplied Energy
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A method for soil moisture probes calibration and validation of satellite estimates

2017

Graphical abstract

Land surface processes010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesOtras Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio AmbienteClinical Biochemistry0211 other engineering and technologiesContext (language use)Soil science02 engineering and technologySoil water content01 natural sciencesREMOTE SENSINGCiencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https]Pedotransfer functionCalibrationlcsh:ScienceWater contentComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS021101 geological & geomatics engineering0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensingSOIL MOISTURE AND OCEAN SALINITY (SMOS)Oceanografía Hidrología Recursos HídricosSoil classificationMethod ArticleSOIL WATER CONTENTRemote sensingSoil typeMedical Laboratory TechnologySoil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS)LAND SURFACE PROCESSESSoil waterEnvironmental scienceSatellitelcsh:QCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASMethodsX
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Evaluation of Permeate Quality in Pilot Scale Membrane Distillation Systems

2019

In this work, the salinity of permeate obtained with membrane distillation (MD) in pilot scale systems was analyzed. Experiments were performed with three different spiral-wound commercial modules, one from Solar Spring with 10 m2 surface membrane area and two from Aquastill with 7.2 and 24 m2. Intermittent operation meant that high permeate conductivity was measured in the beginning of each experiment, which was gradually decreasing until reaching a constant value (3&ndash

LeakMaterials sciencehigh salinitymembrane distillationFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technologymembrane filtrationlcsh:Chemical technologyMembrane distillationDesalinationArticledesalination020401 chemical engineeringChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)brine treatmentlcsh:TP1-1185lcsh:Chemical engineering0204 chemical engineeringintegumentary systempermeate qualityProcess Chemistry and Technologylcsh:TP155-156Permeation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPulp and paper industrypilot scaleMembraneDistilled waterSeawaterWetting0210 nano-technologyMembranes
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Measurement of the group velocity of light in sea water at the ANTARES site

2012

The group velocity of light has been measured at eight different wavelengths between 385 nm and 532 nm in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of about 2.2 km with the ANTARES optical beacon systems. A parametrisation of the dependence of the refractive index on wavelength based on the salinity, pressure and temperature of the sea water at the ANTARES site is in good agreement with these measurements.

Light velocityRefractive indexAtmospheric sciencesNeutrino telescope01 natural scienceslaw.inventionHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Mediterranean sealawOptical beacon systemPhysicsOptical beaconPressure and temperature[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Wavelengthoptical beacon system; neutrino telescope; antares; refractive index; velocity of lightVelocity of lightGroup velocityFísica nuclear[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE][PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]ParametrisationFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2010309 opticsOpticsLight--Speed--Measurement0103 physical sciencesOptical systemsSeawater14. Life underwater:Física::Acústica [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]ANTARES010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryAstronomy and AstrophysicsLaser[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]SalinityLlum -- VelocitatFISICA APLICADAVelocity of lightMediterranean seaSeawaterNeutrino telescopesbusiness[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Refractive indexSYSTEM
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Global distributions of diazotrophs Gamma-A nifH genes abundance - Depth integrated values computed from a collection of source datasets - Contributi…

2013

The MAREDAT atlas covers 11 types of plankton, ranging in size from bacteria to jellyfish. Together, these plankton groups determine the health and productivity of the global ocean and play a vital role in the global carbon cycle. Working within a uniform and consistent spatial and depth grid (map) of the global ocean, the researchers compiled thousands and tens of thousands of data points to identify regions of plankton abundance and scarcity as well as areas of data abundance and scarcity. At many of the grid points, the MAREDAT team accomplished the difficult conversion from abundance (numbers of organisms) to biomass (carbon mass of organisms). The MAREDAT atlas provides an unprecedente…

M60/5SalinityChlorophyll aDiazotrophs total biomass as carbonUniform resource locator link to source data fileNitrateCTD/RosetteLatitude of eventNiskinM55 1Temperature waterCalothrix abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesratio expressed in mass of carbon per amount of nifH gene copiesCalculatedtop minUnicellular cyanobacteria-B biological trait ratio expressed in mass of carbon per amount of nifH gene copiesCD132biomass as carbonTrichodesmium biomass as carbonM55/1bottom maxCTD SeabirdTemperatureDepth top/minCTD RosetteSeabirdRichelia biological trait ratio expressed in mass of carbon per amount of nifH gene copiesCalothrixSO187 2Unicellular cyanobacteria-B abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesTrichodesmiumEarth System ResearchMARine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project MAREMIPDiazotrophsLongitude of eventRichelia associated speciesSample methodCalothrix biological trait ratio expressed in mass of carbon per amount of nifH gene copiesIronBottle NiskinwaterIn situ pumpMARine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project (MAREMIP)Unicellular cyanobacteria-C abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesPhosphateWater sampleSample commentUnicellular cyanobacteria biomassUniform resource locator/link to source data filetotal biomass as carbonHeterocyst biomassUnicellular cyanobacteriaProteobacteriaDate/Time of eventMeteor 1986Richelia abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesUnicellular cyanobacteria CUnicellular cyanobacteria Bbiological traitSO187/2RicheliaUnicellular cyanobacteria ADEPTH waterbiomassTrichodesmium abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesMeteor (1986)BottleDepthEvent labelDate Time of eventTrichodesmium biological trait ratio expressed in mass of carbon per amount of nifH gene copiesUnicellular cyanobacteria-C biological trait ratio expressed in mass of carbon per amount of nifH gene copiesMeasured at sea surfaceCTDCalothrix associated speciesCharles DarwinSonneabundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesM60 5Depth bottom/maxUnicellular cyanobacteria-A abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesassociated speciesProteobacteria abundance expressed in number of nifH gene copiesHeterocyst
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Comparison between two MBR pilot plants treating synthetic shipboard slops: effect of salinity increase on biological performance, biomass activity a…

2015

The paper reports the main results of an experimental campaign carried out on two bench scale pilot plants for treatment of synthetic shipboard slops. In particular, two membrane bioreactors (MBRs) with submerged configuration were analyzed. One MBR pilot plant (namely, Line A) was fed with synthetic shipboard slop and was subjected to a gradual increase of salinity. Conversely, the second MBR pilot plant (namely, Line B) was fed with the same synthetic shipboard slop but without salt addition, therefore operating as a “control” unit. Organic carbon, hydrocarbons and ammonium removal, kinetic constants, extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) production and membranes fouling rates have be…

MBR Salinity Hydrocarbons Slops
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Post-Messinian evolutionary relationships across the Sicilian channel: Mitochondrial and nuclear markers link a new green toad from Sicily to African…

2008

19 páginas, 6 figuras y 3 tables

MalePleistoceneEvolutionAfrica; Animals; Biodiversity; Bufonidae; DNA Mitochondrial; Evolution Molecular; Female; Male; Phylogeny; RNA Ribosomal 16S; SicilyRange (biology)BiogeographyPLEISTOCENESettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaZoologyDNA MitochondrialPHYLOGEOGRAPHYEvolution MolecularRNA Ribosomal 16SDNA POLYMORPHISMMTDNAQH359-425AnimalsSicilyPhylogenyREPTILIAEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsmtDNAnDNA green toadSALINITY CRISISmtDNA control regionPOPULATION-GROWTHbiologyBufo balearicusFROGSBiodiversitybiology.organism_classificationBufonidaelanguage.human_languageCOALESCENTPhylogeographyAfricalanguageFemaleBUFO-VIRIDISMediterranean IslandsSicilianResearch ArticleBMC Evolutionary Biology
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Nitrate, sulphate and chloride contents in public drinking water supplies in Sicily, Italy.

2012

Water samples collected from public drinking water supplies in Sicily were analysed for electric conductivity and for their chloride, sulphate and nitrate contents. The samples were collected as uniformly as possible from throughout the Sicilian territory, with an average sampling density of about one sample for every 7,600 inhabitants. Chloride contents that ranged from 5.53 to 1,302 mg/l were correlated strongly with electric conductivity, a parameter used as a proxy for water salinity. The highest values are attributable to seawater contamination along the coasts of the island. High chloride and sulphate values attributable to evaporitic rock dissolution were found in the central part of…

Management Monitoring Policy and LawChloridechemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateChloridesmedicineWater Pollution ChemicalEcotoxicologyWater pollutionSicilyGeneral Environmental ScienceNitratesPublic water supplies·Nitrate · Sulphate ·Chloride ·SicilySulfatesDrinking WaterEnvironmental engineeringElectric ConductivityGeneral MedicineContaminationBottled waterPollutionSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaSalinitychemistryEnvironmental chemistryEnvironmental scienceSeawaterWater Pollutants Chemicalmedicine.drugEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental monitoring and assessment
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The first operating thermolytic reverse electrodialysis heat engine

2020

Abstract Thermolytic reverse electrodialysis heat engine (t-RED HE) has been recently proposed as a technology for converting low-temperature waste heat into electricity. The construction and operation of the first world lab-scale prototype unit are reported. The system consists of: (i) a reverse electrodialysis unit where, the concentration gradient between two solutions of thermolytic salts is converted into electricity and (ii) a thermally-driven regeneration unit where low-temperature heat is used to restore the initial conditions of the two feed streams. Regeneration is based on a degradation process of salts into gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide, which can be removed almost entirely…

Materials scienceFiltration and Separation02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryStripping (fiber)Low-grade heatchemistry.chemical_compoundWaste heatReversed electrodialysisOsmotic powerSalinity gradient powerGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHeat engineWaste managementAmmonium bicarbonate solution021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyWaste heat recovery Loe grade heat.0104 chemical sciencesMembranechemistryCarbon dioxideOsmotic power0210 nano-technologyConcentration gradient
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Contrasting shell growth strategies in two Mediterranean bivalves revealed by oxygen-isotope ratio geochemistry: The case of Pecten jacobaeus and Gly…

2019

International audience; High-resolution stable-isotope ratio data (delta O-18, delta O-18) were used to study growth strategies of two bivalve species, Pecten jacobaeus (calcitic shell) and Glycymeris pilosa (aragonitic shell) from the North Adriatic Sea. The principal objectives of this study were to identify the period of the year when the growth line is formed in the shell of two target species, to identify the main growing season of these two species, to identify the environmental drivers of shell growth, and to evaluate the potential applicability of delta O-18 and delta O-18 values for the reconstruction of environmental variability. Samples were collected from the North Adriatic Sea …

Mediterranean climate010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesPecten jacobaeusTemperature salinity diagramsGrowing seasonMediterranean010502 geochemistry & geophysics01 natural sciencesBivalve shellsWater columnSclerochronologyGeochemistry and PetrologySclerochronology14. Life underwaterAdriatic0105 earth and related environmental sciencesbiologyACLGeologyOxygen isotope ratio cyclebiology.organism_classificationOceanographyStable-isotope ratio geochemistrySeawater[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyGeologysclerochronology ; Mediterranean ; Adriatic ; stable-isotope ratio geochemistry ; bivalve shells
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