Search results for "Salivation"
showing 10 items of 29 documents
Oral status and Candida colonization in patients with Sjogren s Syndrome
2009
Objective: To determine the oral status, salivary flow rate, Candida carriage in saliva, and prevalence of Candida albicans colonization in several areas of the mouth in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren?s syndrome as opposed to those of healthy subjects. Study design: Thirty-seven patients with Sjögren?s syndrome (SS), [14 patients with primary SS (SS-1) and 23 patients with secondary SS (SS-2)], along with 37 healthy controls were examined in regard to number of teeth, pro-bing pocket depth (PPD), approximal plaque index (API), bleeding on probing (BOP), presence of prosthetic appliances and smoking habits. Salivary flow rate (SFR), Candida carriage in saliva, presence of Candid…
Evaluation of Xerostomia and salivary flow rate in Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
2015
Background: One of the most common causes of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto´s Thyroiditis (HT). Early detection of dry mouth is critical in preserving and promoting systemic and oral health. In this study we have assessed, for the first time, salivary function and xerostomia in HT patients who have not been involved with Sjögren´s syndrome. Material and Methods: HT was diagnosed in 40 patients based on clinical findings and positive anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO). Controls, matched by sex, age and body mass index (BMI), and with no history of thyroid disease, were selected. A questionnaire was used for diagnosis of xerostomia. Saliva samples were taken between 8 a.m. and 9 a.m.,…
Anticipatory effects of food exposure in women diagnosed with bulimia nervosa.
2002
Objective. To investigate cephalic phase responses (CPRs) in women diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and to test the assumption that eating disordered individuals respond with more marked CPRs and higher increases in psychophysiological arousal to the presentation of food cues. Method. Thirteen female inpatients diagnosed with bulimia nervosa were compared to 15 non-eating disordered female volunteers. Participants were exposed to their preferred binge food in a single laboratory session with the possibility to eat immediately after the exposure trial. Results. The results show greater salivation responses to food exposure and lower sympathetic arousal in patients diagnosed with bulimia nervos…
Plasma concentration following oral and intramuscular atropine in children and their clinical effects.
1997
In a paediatric population, we compared i.m. v oral atropine premedication to a control group without atropine and determined atropine plasma concentrations (APC). Forty-five children were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Group I received atropine, 20 micrograms.kg-1 i.m., 15 min prior to induction. Group II received atropine, 30 micrograms.kg-1 orally, group III received no atropine. APC (expressed as percent of muscarine-2 receptor subtype occupancy), heart rate, rectal temperature, and salivation were determined before atropine, and 15, 25, 45, 60, 90, 120 (no APC), and 150 min following atropine. Only 10-20% of the M2-cholinoceptors were occupied after oral atropine with a peak…
Adverse drug reactions in the oral cavity
2012
Several drugs may have a number of adverse reactions (ADRs) involving the oro-facial region. The dose of the drug and the time required for the reaction to take place are relevant parameters; nonetheless, ADRs mechanisms are not always known and ADRs are not always predictable since aspects other than drug pharmacodynamics and/or pharmacokinetics, as well as various interacting variables contribute to the final outcome. All tissues and many functions of the oral cavity can be affected. In particular, salivary function is fre- quently involved and hypo-salivation is the main manifestation; several mucosal lesions with different morphology (ulcerations, vesiculo- bullous lesions, white lesion…
Impact of medications on salivary flow rate in patients with xerostomia: a retrospective study by the Xeromeds Consortium
2022
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the impact of systemic medications and polypharmacy on unstimulated (UWS) and chewing-stimulated whole saliva (SWS) flow rates in patients with xerostomia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: This cross-sectional multicenter study is based on data of patients referred to five oral medicine outpatient practices in Europe and USA from January 2000 and April 2014. Relevant demographic, social, medical history and current medications were collected.RESULTS: The study included 1144 patients, 972 (85%) females, with a mean (SD) age of 59 (14.1) years. In unmatched patients, the UWS flow rate was lower in patients taking a medication (vs. not taking a medication) from the followi…
Biotechnological advances in neuro-electro-stimulation for the treatment of hyposalivation and xerostomia
2009
El tratamiento de la xerostomía es un desafío clínico común en la práctica de la medicina oral. Aunque se han utilizado algunos tratamientos para mejorar los síntomas de la xerostomía, ninguno es del todo satisfactorio para los pacientes que padecen esta alteración. En los últimos años se han desarrollado tratamientos no farmacológicos basados en la electroestimulación para el tratamiento de la xerostomía. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo presentar nuevos desarrollos para el tratamiento de la xerostomía, aplicando neuroestimulación mediante electroestimuladores intraorales miniaturizados. Estos dispositivos aumentan la secreción salival y mejoran los síntomas de sequedad bucal. Su efecto…
Reduction of clozapine-induced hypersalivation by pirenzepine is safe.
2004
Introduction Hypersalivation is known as a frequent, disturbing, and socially stigmatizing side effect of therapy with the atypical antipsychotic clozapine. It has been shown that the addition of the anticholinergic pirenzepine is able to reduce clozapine-induced hypersalivation, probably by blocking M4-receptors. Nevertheless, a pharmacokinetic interaction between both compounds cannot be excluded. Methods In this pilot study, 29 schizophrenic patients (ICD-10; 51.7 % female; age: 36.7 +/- 8.7 years [mean +/- SD]) were included. Serum concentrations of clozapine and its pharmacologically active metabolite N-desmethylclozapine were determined under steady-state conditions by automated HPLC …
Misdiagnosis and pitfalls in Panayiotopoulos syndrome
2019
Abstract Panayiotopoulos syndrome (PS) is a frequent (6% among children of 1–15 years) and benign epileptic syndrome, characterized by predominantly autonomic symptoms (emesis, pallor, flushing, cyanosis, mydriasis/miosis, cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory alterations, incontinence of urine and/or feces, hypersalivation, and modifications of intestinal motility) associated with simple motor focal seizures, which can be followed by secondary generalization. Panayiotopoulos syndrome can be extremely insidious, because it can mimic several condition, such as gastroenteritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, encephalitis, syncope, migraine, sleep disorders, or even metabolic diseases. This…
Lateralized periodic discharges in insular status epilepticus: A case report of a periodic EEG pattern associated with ictal manifestation
2019
Highlights • Focal status epilepticus has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with aphasia, even in the absence of previous history of epilepsy. • Aphasia can be a rare presenting sign of insular lobe epilepsy. • Lateralized periodic discharges could represent an EEG ictal pattern.