Search results for "Salmo"
showing 10 items of 442 documents
Negative associations between parasite avoidance, resistance and tolerance predict host health in salmonid fish populations
2020
Genetic variation in defence against parasite infections is fundamental for host–parasite evolution. The overall level of defence of a host individual or population includes mechanisms that reduce parasite exposure (avoidance), establishment (resistance) or pathogenicity (tolerance). However, how these traits operate and evolve in concert is not well understood. Here, we investigated genetic variation in and associations between avoidance, resistance and tolerance in a natural host–parasite system. Replicated populations of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) and sea trout (an anadromous form of brown trout, Salmo trutta ) were raised under common garden conditions and infected with the eye fl…
Antibiofilm activity of coriander (Coriander sativum L.) grown in Argentina against food contaminants and human pathogenic bacteria
2020
Abstract Bacterial spoilage of food and other infections are a coordinated mechanism controlled by quorum sensing (QS), which regulate the expression of virulence factors, such as biofilm. The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-QS and anti-swarming properties of hexane (HE), chloroform (CE), ethyl acetate (EAE), methanolic (ME) and total methanolic (TME) extracts of coriander grown in Argentina were investigated. In vivo extracts toxicity using Galleria mellonella L. model and chemical composition (GC-MS) were also assessed. The antibiofilm activity of polystyrene surfaces coated with the most active extracts was evaluated. At non-inhibitory growth concentrations, extracts showed a strong ant…
Life-history genotype explains variation in migration activity in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
2021
AbstractOne of the most important life-history continuums is the fast–slow axis, where “fast” individuals mature earlier than “slow” individuals. “Fast” individuals are predicted to be more active than “slow” individuals; high activity is required to maintain a fast life-history strategy. Recent meta-analyses revealed mixed evidence for such integration. Here, we test whether known life-history genotypes differ in activity expression by using Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) as a model. In salmon, variation in Vgll3, a transcription co-factor, explains ∼40% of variation in maturation timing. We predicted that the allele related to early maturation (vgll3*E) would be associated with increased a…
Life-history variability and conservation status of landlocked Atlantic salmon: an overview
2019
Nonanadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exhibit a combination of variation in life history, habitat, and species co-existence matched by few vertebrates. Distributed in eastern North America and northern Europe, habitat ranges from hundreds of metres of river to Europe’s largest lakes. As juveniles, those with access to a lake usually migrate to feed and grow prior to reproduction. Prey such as smelt (Osmerus mordax, Osmerus eperlanus) and vendace (Coregonus albula) facilitate large body size (50–85 cm at maturity) and persistence in high-diversity (>20 fish species) environments; small-bodied salmon (10–30 cm at maturity), relying on insects as prey, coexist with few (fewer than fi…
Effect of stocking time on yield and location of recapture in two forms of brown trout (Salmo trutta) when stocked in respect to migration activity
2003
Abstract Tagged 2-year-old trout smolts, Salmo trutta , were stocked into River Isojoki in 1996, 1997 and 1998 (a sea trout strain), and Lake Konnevesi in 1997 and 1998 (a brown trout strain) in April, May or June–July. Stocking dates were determined in respect to the migration activity of 100 PIT-tagged fish held in the laboratory. Migration activity was relatively similar in both trout forms each year. In April, movement activity was low; in May, movement activity of the PIT-tagged fish increased and in June–July, movement had ceased. There was a general tendency for lower migration activity in maturing males than for immature fish, but differences were not statistically significant every…
The development of the Norwegian wrasse fishery and the use of wrasses as cleaner fish in the salmon aquaculture industry
2017
Norway leads the world aquaculture production of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar and farmed Norwegian Atlantic salmon is currently consumed around the globe. However, sea lice infestation is a major problem faced by the salmon aquaculture industry in Norway and elsewhere. The use of wild-caught cleaner fish, mainly wrasses, has been recommended over the other available methods as the most economical and environmentally friendly option to control sea lice infestation in salmon farming. Here, we review the development of the Norwegian wrasse fishery and the use of wrasses as cleaner fish. In this document, we address the sea lice problem and introduce the main wrasse species employed as cleaner f…
Influence of the marine feeding area on the muscle and egg fatty-acid composition of Atlantic salmonSalmo salarspawners estimated from the scale stab…
2017
Fatty acids in muscle tissue and eggs of female Atlantic salmon Salmo salar spawners were analysed to evaluate the dietary quality of their final feeding areas in the Baltic Sea. The final likely feeding area was identified by comparing stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of the outermost growth region (final annulus) of scales of returned S. salar with that of reference S. salar caught from different feeding areas. Some overlap of stable-isotope reference values among the three areas, in addition to prespawning fasting, decreased the ability of muscle tri-acylglycerols to discriminate the final likely feeding area and the area's dietary quality. Among three long-chained polyunsa…
Community structure affects trophic ontogeny in a predatory fish.
2016
While most studies have focused on the timing and nature of ontogenetic niche shifts, information is scarce about the effects of community structure on trophic ontogeny of top predators. We investigated how community structure affects ontogenetic niche shifts (i.e., relationships between body length, trophic position, and individual dietary specialization) of a predatory fish, brown trout (Salmo trutta). We used stable isotope and stomach content analyses to test how functional characteristics of lake fish community compositions (competition and prey availability) modulate niche shifts in terms of (i) piscivorous behavior, (ii) trophic position, and (iii) individual dietary specialization. …
Genetic analysis of populations of brown trout (Salmo truttaL.) from the Romanian Carpathians
2019
The Carpathian Mountains are one of the most complex orogenetic areas of Europe, with unique fauna, including the brown trout (Salmo trutta). In this study we performed population genetic analysis of 12 differentS. truttapopulations using two types of molecular markers: nine microsatellites and mitochondrial D-loop sequences. The following working hypothesis was considered: the Romanian Carpathians and their surrounding lowlands can be key relief units based on which theS. truttagenetic diversity, spread, distribution, connectivity, relative isolation and genetic divergence can be at least partially explained. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the majority of sequences were grouped in…
Selection on fish personality differs between a no-take marine reserve and fished areas
2021
9 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures.-- This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License