Search results for "Salts"

showing 10 items of 258 documents

Non-Innocent Base Properties of 3- and 4-Pyridyl-dithia- and Diselenadiazolyl Radicals : The Effect of N-Methylation

2018

International audience; Condensation of persilylated nicotinimideamide and isonicotinimideamide with sulfur monochloride affords double salts of the 3-, 4-pyridyl-substituted 1,2,3,5-dithiadiazolylium DTDA cations of the general formula [3-, 4-pyDTDA][Cl][HCl] in which the pyridyl nitrogen serves as a noninnocent base. Reduction of these salts with triphenylantimony followed by deprotonation of the intermediate-protonated radical affords the free base radicals [3-, 4-pyDTDA], the crystal structures of which, along with those of their diselenadiazolyl analogues [3-, 4-pyDSDA], have been characterized by powder or single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structures consist of “pancake” π…

Base (chemistry)Radicalsuolat (yhdisteet)free radicals02 engineering and technologyCrystal structure010402 general chemistryMetathesistriflate saltsvapaat radikaalit01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryChlorideInorganic ChemistrydimersDeprotonationrikkiyhdisteetmedicinePhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116dithiadiazoleschemistry.chemical_classificationIntermolecular forceFree base[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistryN-methylation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesoligomeerichemistry0210 nano-technologymedicine.drug
researchProduct

Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 cell surface hydrophobicity and survival of the cells under adverse environmental condi…

2012

Abstract Changes in the cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus La5 and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 and the survival of these cells were examined in response to varied cultivation conditions and adverse environmental conditions. An inverse linear relationship (P < 0.01) was detected between the CSH of intact L. acidophilus La5 and B. lactis Bb12 and survival of cells subjected to subsequent freezing/thawing, long-term storage or exposure to mineral and bile acids. The observed relationships were supported by significant correlations between the CSH and changes in composition of the cell envelopes (proteins, lipids and carbohydrates) of L. aci…

Bifidobacterium lactisSurface PropertiesCellBioengineeringBiologyApplied Microbiology and Biotechnologylaw.inventionMicrobiologyBile Acids and SaltsProbioticLactobacillus acidophiluslawFreezingSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredmedicineExtreme environmentProbiotic bacteriaMicrobial ViabilityProbioticsHydrogen-Ion Concentrationbiology.organism_classificationLactobacillus acidophilusmedicine.anatomical_structureComposition (visual arts)BifidobacteriumHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsBacteriaBiotechnologyJournal of industrial microbiologybiotechnology
researchProduct

The role of nutrients in the biodegradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in liquid and soil.

2011

The widely used explosive 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) has residues that are potentially explosive, toxic, and mutagenic. TNT and other explosives can be degraded by microorganisms; however, biostimulation is needed for process efficiency. To investigate the effectiveness of using biostimulation to degrade TNT, we added varying concentrations of a nutrient amendment consisting of inorganic salts, plant extracts, and molasses to soil and liquid media. For the inoculum we used a consortium of bacteria AM 06 that had exhibited the ability to degrade TNT and which had been previously isolated from explosives-contaminated soils. Phylogenetically, the clones clustered into seven different genera: …

BioaugmentationEnvironmental EngineeringMicroorganismMicrobial ConsortiaAmendmentManagement Monitoring Policy and LawBiostimulationBioremediationPseudoxanthomonasTrinitrotolueneSoil PollutantsMolassesFertilizersWaste Management and DisposalbiologyChemistryPlant ExtractsEnvironmental engineeringGeneral MedicineBiodegradationmusculoskeletal systembiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaBiodegradation EnvironmentalEnvironmental chemistrySaltsWater Pollutants ChemicalTrinitrotolueneJournal of environmental management
researchProduct

Poloxamer/sodium cholate co-formulation for micellar encapsulation of Doxorubicin with high efficiency for intracellular delivery: an in-vitro bioava…

2020

Abstract Hypothesis Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DX) is widely used as a chemotherapeutic agent, though its severe side-effects limit its clinical use. A way to overcome these limitations is to increase DX latency through encapsulation in suitable carriers. However, DX has a high solubility in water, hindering encapsulation. The formulation of DX with sodium cholate (NaC) will reduce aqueous solubility through charge neutralization and hydrophobic interactions thus facilitating DX encapsulation into poloxamer (F127) micelles, increasing drug latency. Experiments DX/NaC/PEO-PPO-PEO triblock copolymer (F127) formulations with high DX content (DX-PMs) have been prepared and characterized by scat…

Biological AvailabilityPoloxamerbile salts; confocal microscopy; Doxorubicin hydrochloride; drug-delivery; PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymers; pluronics; tumour cell lines02 engineering and technologyconfocal microscopypluronics010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMicellePolyethylene GlycolsBiomaterialsHydrophobic effectColloid and Surface ChemistryPEO-PPO-PEO block copolymersbile saltsSolubilitySodium CholateMicellesChemistryDoxorubicin hydrochloridePoloxamerSodium Cholate021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologydrug-delivery0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDoxorubicinDrug deliveryBiophysicsDoxorubicin Hydrochloridetumour cell lines0210 nano-technologyIntracellular
researchProduct

Bile acid receptor TGR5 is critically involved in preference for dietary lipids and obesity

2020

International audience; We investigated the implication of Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) in fat preference and fat sensing in taste bud cells (TBC) in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and TGR5 knock out (TGR5-/-) male mice maintained for 20 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD). We also assessed the implication of TGR5 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in young obese humans. The high-fat diet (HFD)-fed TGR5-/- mice were more obese, marked with higher liver weight, lipidemia and steatosis than WT obese mice. The TGR5-/- obese mice exhibited high daily food/energy intake, fat mass and inflammatory status. WT obese mice lost the preference for dietary fat, but the TGR5-/- obese mice exhibited n…

Blood GlucoseLipopolysaccharidesMale0301 basic medicine[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical BiochemistryBiochemistryReceptors G-Protein-CoupledMice0302 clinical medicineInsulinReceptorMice Knockout2. Zero hungerchemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsLipidsG protein-coupled bile acid receptor[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio]medicine.anatomical_structuremedicine.medical_specialtyMice Transgenic030209 endocrinology & metabolismSingle-nucleotide polymorphismDiet High-FatPolymorphism Single NucleotideBile Acids and SaltsFood Preferences03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineTaste budmedicineAnimalsObesityMolecular BiologyInflammationbusiness.industryTaste budFatty acidFatty acidmedicine.diseaseDietary FatsObesityIn vitroFatty LiverMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologychemistryFatCalciumSteatosisbusinessThe Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
researchProduct

Oleanonic acid, a 3-oxotriterpene from Pistacia, inhibits leukotriene synthesis and has anti-inflammatory activity.

2001

One of the best known bioactive triterpenoids is oleanolic acid, a widespread 3-hydroxy-17-carboxy oleanane-type compound. In order to determine whether further oxidation of carbon 3 affects anti-inflammatory activity in mice, different tests were carried out on oleanolic acid and its 3-oxo-analogue oleanonic acid, which was obtained from Pistacia terebinthus galls. The last one showed activity on the ear oedema induced by 12-deoxyphorbol-13-phenylacetate (DPP), the dermatitis induced by multiple applications of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA) and the paw oedemas induced by bradykinin and phospholipase A2. The production of leukotriene B4 from rat peritoneal leukocytes was reduced by ol…

Blood PlateletsLeukotrienesLeukotriene B4medicine.drug_classNeutrophilsBradykininTetrazolium SaltsIn Vitro TechniquesLeukotriene B4Anti-inflammatorychemistry.chemical_compoundMiceStructure-Activity RelationshipPhospholipase A2medicineAnimalsEdemaHumansCyclooxygenase InhibitorsHypersensitivity DelayedEar ExternalOleanolic AcidOleanolic acidPeroxidasePharmacologyInflammationLeukotrienebiologyFootAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalBiological activityTriterpenesRatsThiazoleschemistryBiochemistryArachidonate 5-lipoxygenasePistaciabiology.proteinFemaleDrug Screening Assays AntitumorOxidation-ReductionEuropean journal of pharmacology
researchProduct

Bovine seminal ribonuclease is cytotoxic for both malignant and normal telomerase-positive cells

2005

Bovine seminal-ribonuclease (BS-RNase) is a member of the 'ribonucleases with special biological actions' family since it possesses specific anti-tumour, anti-spermatogenic and embryotoxic activities and exerts an immunosuppressive effect on T lymphocytes. In previous studies it was demonstrated that BS-RNase induced apoptosis in proliferating, malignant and normal cells and that telomerase activity loss also caused apoptotic death in neoplastic cells. Since an obvious relationship between cell proliferation and telomerase activity exists, the aim of this work was to study if the pro-apoptotic cytotoxic action exerted by BS-RNase on proliferating malignant cells (HT29) and proliferating nor…

Cancer ResearchTelomeraseTime FactorsT-LymphocytesCellular differentiationCytotoxicityBlotting WesternDown-RegulationTetrazolium SaltsAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayBiologyHT29 CellsCell Line TumorEndoribonucleasesAnimalsHumansCytotoxic T cellTelomerase reverse transcriptaseLymphocytesRNA MessengerTelomeraseBovine seminal-ribonuclease; Cytotoxicity; HTR; Nucleolar localization; TelomeraseCell ProliferationReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCell growthCell DifferentiationCell cycleNucleolar localizationMolecular biologyThiazolesBovine seminal-ribonucleaseMicroscopy FluorescenceOncologyCell cultureLeukocytes MononuclearMicroscopy Electron ScanningRNACattleHTRCell NucleolusImmunosuppressive Agents
researchProduct

Microtomographic Quantification of Hydraulic Clay Mineral Displacement Effects During a CO2 Sequestration Experiment with Saline Aquifer Sandstone

2013

We combined a noninvasive tomographic imaging technique with an invasive open-system core-flooding experiment and compared the results of the pre- and postflooded states of an experimental sandstone core sample from an ongoing field trial for carbon dioxide geosequestration. For the experiment, a rock core sample of 80 mL volume was taken from the 629 m Stuttgart Formation storage domain of a saline sandstone aquifer at the CCS research pilot plant Ketzin, Germany. Supercritical carbon dioxide and synthetical brine were injected under in situ reservoir p/T-conditions at an average flow rate of 0.1 mL/min for 256 h. X-ray computed microtomographic imaging was carried out before and after the…

Carbon SequestrationGeological PhenomenaSalinitySupercritical carbon dioxideTomographic reconstructionMineralogyCore sample550 - Earth sciencesX-Ray MicrotomographyGeneral ChemistryCarbon DioxideCarbon sequestrationPermeabilitySedimentary depositional environmentBriningClayEnvironmental ChemistryAluminum SilicatesSaltsClay mineralsPorosityGroundwaterPorosityGeologyEnvironmental Science & Technology
researchProduct

Optimization of the Ussing chamber setup with excised rat intestinal segments for dissolution/permeation experiments of poorly soluble drugs.

2016

AbstractContext: Prediction of the in vivo absorption of poorly soluble drugs may require simultaneous dissolution/permeation experiments. In vivo predictive media have been modified for permeation experiments with Caco-2 cells, but not for excised rat intestinal segments.Objective: The present study aimed at improving the setup of dissolution/permeation experiments with excised rat intestinal segments by assessing suitable donor and receiver media.Methods: The regional compatibility of rat intestine in Ussing chambers with modified Fasted and Fed State Simulated Intestinal Fluids (Fa/FeSSIFmod) as donor media was evaluated via several parameters that reflect the viability of the excised in…

Cell Membrane PermeabilityPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technology030226 pharmacology & pharmacyBile Acids and Salts03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineIn vivoDrug DiscoveryAnimalsHumansDissolutionPharmacologyRat intestineChromatographyUssing chamberChemistryOrganic ChemistryIn vivo absorptionPermeation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyRatsIntestinesJejunumSolubilityCaco-2 Cells0210 nano-technologyFederal stateDrug development and industrial pharmacy
researchProduct

An approach to As(III) and As(V) bioavailability studies with Caco-2 cells

2005

Foods and drinking water are the main sources of human exposure to inorganic arsenic [As(III) and As(V)]. After oral ingestion, the intestinal epithelium is the first barrier to absorption of these species. A human intestinal cell line (Caco-2) was used to evaluate cell retention and transport of As(III) (15.6-156.0 microM) and/or As(V) (15.4-170.6 microM). Cell monolayer integrity, cell viability, membrane damage and effects on cell metabolism were evaluated. Only the highest concentrations assayed [As(III): 156.0 microM; As(V): 170.6 microM] produced a cytotoxic effect with different cellular targets: As(III) altered the permeability of tight junctions, and As(V) caused uncoupling of the …

Cell SurvivalChemistryArsenateRespiratory chainBiological AvailabilityTetrazolium SaltsGeneral MedicineAbsorption (skin)ToxicologyIntestinal epitheliumMolecular biologyArsenicBioavailabilityThiazoleschemistry.chemical_compoundIntestinal AbsorptionBiochemistryCaco-2Electric ImpedanceHumansViability assayCaco-2 CellsIntestinal MucosaArseniteToxicology in Vitro
researchProduct