Search results for "Samfunnsvitenskap"
showing 10 items of 2092 documents
Towards a theory of ex-combatant reintegration
2013
This paper encourages the development of a theoretical framework for the study of the reintegration of ex-combatants after war. It takes the first steps towards this by proposing a new definition of reintegration, where the processes ex-combatants experience, rather than the programmatic support offered by international and national agencies, take centre stage. The article links the study of reintegration to two broader disciplines; political economy and sociology, and in particular to the two disciplines’ account of power and group belonging. It argues that a political economy approach is particularly useful for making sense of the context in which reintegration processes unfold. The artic…
Selecting the special or choosing the common? A high-powered conceptual replication of Kim and Markus’ (1999) pen study
2022
Kim and Markus (1999) found that 74% of Americans selected a pen with an uncommon (vs. common) color, whereas only 24% of Asians made such a choice, highlighting a pronounced crosscultural difference in the extent to which people opt for originality or make majority-based choices. The present high-powered study (N = 729) conceptually replicates the results from Kim and Markus (1999; Study 3). However, our obtained effect size (r = .12) is significantly weaker than that of the original study (r = .52). Interestingly, given the globalization of mass media and the rapid economic progress of many Asian cultures during the last decades, a larger proportion of Chinese, but not American, participa…
Revisiting the “The Breakfast Club”: Testing Different Theoretical Models of Belongingness and Acceptance (and Social Self-Representation)
2021
The current work tests different theoretical models of belongingness and acceptance as fundamental needs for human motivation. In the current study, 372 participants were presented with 52 different items measuring five different theoretical models of belongingness (with a total of 32 items) and three different theoretical models of acceptance (with a total of 20 items). In a first step, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) failed to provide support for these eight theoretical models. In a second step, we therefore applied Exploratory Factor Analysis yielding three factors, which we interpreted as communicating: (1) Belongingness, (2) Emotion-Acceptance, and (3) Social Self-Representation. In…
Social innovation in a post-conflict setting : examining external factors affecting social service NGOs
2021
While the study of the influence of external environmental factors on non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is well explored in the international development literature, the importance of these factors on NGOs’ transformative roles in a post-conflict development setting remains less understood. Nevertheless, external environmental factors could have a crucial impact on NGOs in such a context, especially when NGOs want to integrate a socially innovative approach into the social services they provide. Using survey data of staff members of social service NGOs from post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina (N = 120) and applying resource dependence theory, this study identifies three environmental f…
Lärarstudenter som aktörer i interaktiv observation och handledning: En studie om digitala redskap i VFU-handledning på övningsskolor
2018
Source at https://doi.org/10.23865/hu.v8.1078. Licensed CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Syftet med denna artikel är att bidra med kunskap om hur digitala redskap kan påverka lärarstudenters deltagande i handledningsprocessen. Trots att lärarstudenter och handledare ofta befinner sig i digitala klassrumsmiljöer används digitala redskap endast i begränsad omfattning under handledningsprocessen. Med utgångspunkt i Wengers teori om lärande i en praktikgemenskap har lärarstudenter och handledare arbetat med stöd av digitala observationsunderlag. Processen har studerats på fyra övningsskolor. Information om studenternas erfarenheter av handledningen har samlats in via enkäter och fokusgruppsamtal. Resultatet vi…
Folkerettspragmatisme
2020
Sammendrag Mens rettspragmatisk tenkning er godt etablert i norsk rett, kan det se ut som om norske jurister har valgt en mer formalistisk tilnærming til folkeretten. Etter å ha gjort kort rede for de teoretiske hovedretningene innenfor folkerettslig teori og påpekt fallgruven ved en for formalistisk tilnærming til folkeretten, lanserer forfatteren det han refererer til som «folkerettspragmatisme». En rettspragmatisk tilnærming til folkeretten skiller seg fra en realistisk tilnærming ved at den ikke stiller som krav til folkerettens gyldighet at den må være i overensstemmelse med (snevre) nasjonale interesser. Samtidig skiller folkerettspragmatismen seg fra en formalistisk tilnærming til fo…
School Staff-centered School Development by Communicative Action: Working Methods for Creating Collective Responsibility - From the Idea to Action
2020
School development is often seen as a concerted (re-)action to educational policies, curriculum development, and change in education laws or regulations, and sometimes, as stakeholders’ reactions to low school performance. Generally, school development incorporates organizational, managerial, and educational activities and measures. This is done to adapt to the new situation to achieve the desired changes and goals initiated by a given curriculum reform. In contrast, this paper focuses on school staff–driven development: It describes how teachers together with paraprofessionals contribute to school-development. Using collective responsibility creating working methods of communication, the e…
Organisational Challenges for School Development and Improvement : The Obstructing Role of Sub-Groups and an Overly Positive School Culture
2020
The purpose of this study has been to identify and analyse obstacles embedded in the school organisation that impede organisational development and improvement. The general findings show that the school structure comprised sub-groups and had characteristics of a diversified organisation. This led to dysfunctional discussions that challenged school development and improvement. Second, the findings revealed that the nature of the school culture may challenge school development processes. Positive features of the school culture, such as engagement, good relationships and high self-esteem might deter the effectiveness of the schools, e.g. the schools’ ability to prioritise and improve the pupil…
Organising civil preparedness in Finland, Sweden and Norway : comparing national approaches
2019
Master's thesis Innovative governance and public management ME523 - University of Agder 2019 Our security environment hasbecome more complex during the past years and the variety of threats and vulnerabilities that emerge have become more unpredictable and transboundary. Civil prepared-nessis aconceptwhich is used to addresscross-sectoralsecuritymattersfocusing on sustainingthe essential societal functions, ensuringbasic supply tothe population and actingin extraordinary cir-cumstances as well as the civilian sector’s ability to support the military defence if needed.The or-ganisation of civil preparedness is a national matter and the ways governments have organised itvaries. This study see…
Stress, angst og selvtillit i toppfotball : Hvilken betydning har mental tøffhet for angst og selvtillit i forkant av kampsituasjon blant fotballspil…
2017
Masteroppgave idrettsvitenskap ME517 - Universitetet i Agder 2017 Stress, anxiety and self-esteem are key concepts in sports psychology and performance. How these factors affect athletes in terms of achievement is an interesting area and the main background for this study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the meaning of mental toughness (MT) compared to cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-esteem ahead of soccer matches among high-level soccer players. The selection in this study was the first-team squad of Arendal fotball, consisting of 23 players from 18 to 37 years of age. During the project, Arendal fotball took part in the PostNord-league section four, which represen…