Search results for "Santé publique et épidémiologie"
showing 10 items of 258 documents
Chikungunya, a water-borne disease: how have the inhabitants of the Island of Reunion handled the crisis ?
2012
The Reunion Island faced a great epidemic of chikungunya in 2005-2006. Chikungunya is a vector-borne disease transmitted by a mosquito. It is in the town of St Pierre, in the south of the island, that the first cases of chikungunya appeared in 2005. We chose to work on one area of the Ravine des Cabris, in the town of Saint-Pierre in the south of the Reunion Island, where individual housing outweighs the block of flats, where houses are surrounded by gardens – closed in for most of them, well watered- and where the foliage is important: we are in a green urban area which is a place of high prevalence. It concentrates the conditions that favour the contact man / vector and therefore the spre…
Modélisation de l'exposition au bruit en milieu urbain et études épidémiologiques : quelles sources sonores ?
2009
National audience; Epidemiological studies on noise in urban areas are mostly based on a modelling approach which only focuses on noise sources related to transportation and industries. Additional sources are likely to influence the ambient noise level, but the spatio-temporal influence they could have is rarely studied. The objective of this study is to identify urban noise sources that could improve environmental noise prediction and to quantify their respective contributions. An acoustic measurement campaign was conducted in frontage of 44 dwellings located on the city of Besancon (France). Measurements were compared to noise levels predictions produced from different noise maps in which…
When do liking or healthiness drive children's food choices?
2019
International audience
Practices in research, surveillance and control of neglected tropical diseases by One Health approaches: A survey targeting scientists from French-sp…
2021
One health (OH) approaches have increasingly been used in the last decade in the fight against zoonotic neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). However, descriptions of such collaborations between the human, animal and environmental health sectors are still limited for French-speaking tropical countries. The objective of the current survey was to explore the diversity of OH experiences applied to research, surveillance and control of NTDs by scientists from French-speaking countries, and discuss their constraints and benefits. Six zoonotic NTDs were targeted: echinococcoses, trypanosomiases, leishmaniases, rabies, Taenia solium cysticercosis and leptospiroses. Invitations to fill in an online q…
Modeling of medical activity heterogenity to improve the hospital management by diagnosis-related groups
1998
Since the early 1980s healthcare systems in the industrialized nations have been undergoing radical reform aimed at curbing overspending of hospital expenditure. After a discussion of the limits of a prospective payment due to heterogeneity of costs within DRGs, we demonstrate the ability of anovel statistical model to identify high cost patients. We derive from this statistical model an economic heuristic in order to account for high cost patients in budget allocation and a Structural and Contingent method is proposed as a budgeting tool. Economic analysis based on this modeling of DRG heterogeneity further reveals the potential for improving the equity and the efficiency of the prospectiv…
Strategical behaviours in French ambulatory care (a theoretical and empirical study)
1991
Specifying agency relationships between the different actors in ambulatory care - the patient, the physician, the insurance and public authorities - allows to render an account of the complexity and the specificity of the health system. After a presentation of the normative approach of the agency theory, we will focus on two agency relationships : the Relationship between the insurance and insured people and the relationship between the patient and the physician. The driving part of supply appears through the analysis of the relationship between the physician and the others : he is the agent of both the patient and public authorities. The issue is then the hypothesis of supplier induced dem…
Expertise préalable à la création d’un tableau de maladie professionnelle ou à l’élaboration de recommandations aux comités régionaux dereconnaissanc…
2022
Le plan d’actions sur les produits phytopharmaceutiques publié en avril 2018 vise notamment, sur la base des recommandations formulées par l’Inspection générale des affaires sociales, l’Inspection générale des finances et le Conseil général de l’alimentation, de l’agriculture etdes espaces ruraux dans leur rapport conjoint de janvier 2018, à améliorer la prise en charge des maladies professionnelles liées aux pesticides.Dans ce cadre, les pouvoirs publics ont, par courrier en date du 24 avril 2018, saisi l’Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (Inserm) afin d’actualiser l’expertise collective « Pesticides : effets sur la santé » parue en 2013. Cette expertise synthétise …
The Impact of School Closure on Adolescents’ Wellbeing, and Steps toward to a New Normal : The Need for an Assessment Tool Update?
2021
International audience; Close to 200 countries have implemented school closures to decrease the spread of the COVID-19 coronavirus. Though the closures have seemed necessary, their effects on the wellbeing of children and adolescents have raised serious concerns. To truly understand the impact of such disruption on young people’s wellbeing, and their views on how to move towards a new normal, we must adopt different approaches to gather the data to secure children’s and adolescents’ rights to be heard in the issues that concern their lives. Current ways to examine the impacts of school closure have been dominated by gathering information concerning the children and adolescents, using mainly…
What could have caused this weight loss?
2016
International audience; Achalasia is rare and often diagnosed late.It is characterized by functional gastro-oesophageal sphincter obstruction.Aspiration pneumonia may complicate the achalasia.Intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection is one of the main treatments for achalasia.
Breast cancer screening programmes: Challenging the coexistence with opportunistic mammography.
2014
Abstract Objective This study investigated predictive factors of women's participation in organized mammography screening (OrgMS) and/or opportunistic mammography screening (OppMS) when the two screening modes coexist. Methods Questionnaires were sent to 6,000 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an OrgMS session between 2010 and 2011 in France. Data collected concerned the women's healthcare behaviour and their socioeconomic characteristics. Women without a personal or family history of breast cancer that could explain their participation in OppMS were retained in the generalized logits analysis. Results The data of 1,202 women were analysed. Of these, 555 (46.2%) had attended OrgM…