Search results for "Scaling"

showing 10 items of 754 documents

Synaptopodin regulates denervation-induced homeostatic synaptic plasticity

2013

Synaptopodin (SP) is a marker and essential component of the spine apparatus (SA), an enigmatic cellular organelle composed of stacked smooth endoplasmic reticulum that has been linked to synaptic plasticity. However, SP/SA-mediated synaptic plasticity remains incompletely understood. To study the role of SP/SA in homeostatic synaptic plasticity we here used denervation-induced synaptic scaling of mouse dentate granule cells as a model system. This form of plasticity is of considerable interest in the context of neurological diseases that are associated with the loss of neurons and subsequent denervation of connected brain regions. In entorhino-hippocampal slice cultures prepared from SP-de…

Patch-Clamp TechniquesDendritic SpinesGreen Fluorescent ProteinsNonsynaptic plasticityMice TransgenicTetrodotoxinBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesHippocampusReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateMiceHomeostatic plasticitySynaptic augmentationMetaplasticityAnimalsEntorhinal CortexHomeostasisPromoter Regions GeneticMultidisciplinarySynaptic scalingNeuronal PlasticityMicrofilament ProteinsRyanodine Receptor Calcium Release ChannelBiological SciencesDenervationSpine apparatusMice Inbred C57BLSynaptic fatigueSynaptic plasticityDentate GyrusSynapsesCalcium ChannelsNeuroscience
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Histologic Evaluation of Human Intrabony Defects Following Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy With and Without Application of an Enamel Matrix Protein …

2003

Background: Surgical periodontal treatment with enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) has been shown to promote periodontal regeneration. However, it is not known whether nonsurgical periodontal therapy with additional subgingival application of EMD may also enhance periodontal regeneration. The purpose of this study was to clinically and histologically evaluate healing of human intrabony defects following non-surgical periodontal treatment with and without application of EMD. Methods: Sixteen patients, each of whom displayed one advanced intrabony defect around teeth or roots scheduled for extraction, were included in the study. The defects were treated as follows: 1) scaling and root pla…

Periodontal treatmentBone RegenerationRoot surfaceUltrasonic Therapymedicine.medical_treatmentAlveolar Bone LossEpithelial AttachmentJunctional epitheliumDentistryScaling and root planingDental Enamel ProteinsPeriodontal Attachment LossEnamel matrix derivativemedicineHumansTreatment FailureReduction (orthopedic surgery)Enamel paintbusiness.industryRegeneration (biology)visual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumDental ScalingPeriodonticsPeriodontal IndexbusinessJournal of Periodontology
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Non-surgical management of chronic periodontitis with two local drug delivery agents-A comparative study

2011

Background: The selective removal or inhibition of pathogenic microbes with locally delivered antimicrobials when combined with scaling and root planing is often an effective approach for the managment of chronic periodontitis. Aim: To compare the clinical efficacy of tetracycline fibers and a xanthan based chlorhexidine gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods and materials: Thirty systemically healthy patients in the age group of 30-50 years suffering from generalized chronic moderate periodontitis were selected. For each subject, two experimental sites were chosen that had probing depth >5mm and were located in symmetric quadrants and the sites were randomized at split mout…

PeriodontitisChlorhexidine gelbusiness.industryTetracyclineChlorhexidineDentistryOdontología:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]medicine.diseaseChronic periodontitisCiencias de la saludScaling and root planingDrug deliveryUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASmedicineClinical efficacybusinessGeneral Dentistrymedicine.drug
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Scaling of intrinsic domain wall magneto-resistance with confinement in electromigrated nanocontacts

2018

In this work we study the evolution of intrinsic domain wall magnetoresistance (DWMR) with domain wall confinement. Clean permalloy notched half-ring nanocontacts are fabricated using a special ultra-high vacuum electromigration procedure to tailor the size of the wire in-situ and through the resulting domain wall confinement we tailor the domain wall width from a few tens of nm down to a few nm. Through measurements of the dependence of the resistance with respect to the applied field direction we extract the contribution of a single domain wall to the MR of the device, as a function of the domain wall width in the confining potential at the notch. In this size range, an intrinsic positive…

PermalloyMaterials scienceMagnetoresistanceField (physics)Condensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesElectromigrationDomain wall (magnetism)Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesSingle domain010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyScaling
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Direct observation of spin diffusion enhanced nonadiabatic spin torque effects in rare-earth-doped permalloy

2018

The relation between the nonadiabaticity parameter $\ensuremath{\beta}$ and the damping parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ is investigated in permalloy-based microdisks. In order to determine $\ensuremath{\beta}$, high-resolution imaging of the current-induced vortex-core displacement is performed using scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis. The materials properties of the films are varied via rare-earth Dy doping, leading to a greatly enhanced damping, while retaining the same spin configuration for the confined vortex state. A clear trend to much higher nonadiabaticity values is seen for the higher doping levels and an averaged value of $\ensuremath{\beta}=(0.29\ifmmode\pm\…

PermalloyPhysicsAngular momentumCondensed matter physicsRare earthDoping02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)01 natural sciencesVortex state0103 physical sciencesSpin diffusion010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyScalingPhysical Review B
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Semiflexible Macromolecules with Discrete Bond Angles Confined in Nanoslits: A Monte Carlo Test of Scaling Concepts

2013

Single semiflexible polymer chains confined in a planar slit geometry between parallel nonadsorbing repulsive walls a distance D apart are studied by Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice model, for the case of good solvent conditions. The polymers are modeled as self-avoiding walks on the simple cubic lattice, where every 90° kink requires a bending energy eb. For small qb = exp(−eb/kBT) the model has a large persistence length lp (given by lp ≈ 1/(4qb) in the bulk three-dimensional dilute solution, in units of the lattice spacing). Unlike the popular Kratky–Porod model of worm-like chains, this model takes both excluded volume into account and approximates the fact that bond angles between…

Persistence lengthQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryMonte Carlo methodMolecular physicsInorganic ChemistryPlanarMolecular geometryLattice constantComputational chemistryExcluded volumeMaterials ChemistryScalingLattice model (physics)Macromolecules
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Semiflexible polymer brushes and the brush-mushroom crossover.

2015

Semiflexible polymers end-grafted to a repulsive planar substrate under good solvent conditions are studied by scaling arguments, computer simulations, and self-consistent field theory. Varying the chain length N, persistence length lp, and grafting density σg, the chain linear dimensions and distribution functions of all monomers and of the free chain ends are studied. Particular attention is paid to the limit of very small σg, where the grafted chains behave as "mushrooms" no longer interacting with each other. Unlike a flexible mushroom, which has a self-similar structure from the size (a) of an effective monomer up to the mushroom height (h/a ∝ N(v), ν ≈ 3/5), a semiflexible mushroom (l…

Persistence lengthchemistry.chemical_classificationGeneral ChemistryPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicschemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerDistribution functionchemistryChain (algebraic topology)Computational chemistryExcluded volumeField theory (psychology)ScalingSoft matter
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Effect of Chain Stiffness on the Adsorption Transition of Polymers

2013

Polymers grafted with one chain end to an impenetrable flat hard wall which attracts the monomers with a short-range adsorption potential (of strength e) are studied by large scale Monte Carlo simulations, using the pruned–enriched Rosenbluth method (PERM). Chain lengths up to N = 25600 steps are considered, and the intrinsic flexibility of the chain is varied via an energy penalty for nonzero bond angles, eb. Choosing qb = exp(−eb/kBT) in the range from qb = 1 (fully flexible chains) to qb = 0.005 (rather stiff chains with a persistence length of about lp=52 lattice spacings), the adsorption transition is found to vary from about e/kBTc ≈ 0.286 to e/kBTc ≈ 0.011, confirming the theoretical…

Persistence lengthchemistry.chemical_classificationPolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryMonte Carlo methodThermodynamicsPolymerInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundMonomerAdsorptionMolecular geometrychemistryComputational chemistryLattice (order)Materials ChemistryScalingMacromolecules
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Scaling property of variational perturbation expansion for a general anharmonic oscillator with xp-potential

1995

We prove a powerful scaling property for the extremality condition in the recently developed variational perturbation theory which converts divergent perturbation expansions into exponentially fast convergent ones. The proof is given for the energy eigenvalues of an anharmonic oscillator with an arbitrary $x^p$-potential. The scaling property greatly increases the accuracy of the results.

Perturbation expansionPhysicsVariational perturbation theoryAnharmonicityGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbation (astronomy)ScalingEigenvalues and eigenvectorsMathematical physicsPhysics Letters A
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From capillary condensation to interface localization transitions in colloid-polymer mixtures confined in thin-film geometry.

2008

Monte Carlo simulations of the Asakura-Oosawa (AO) model for colloid-polymer mixtures confined between two parallel repulsive structureless walls are presented and analyzed in the light of current theories on capillary condensation and interface localization transitions. Choosing a polymer to colloid size ratio of q=0.8 and studying ultrathin films in the range of D=3 to D=10 colloid diameters thickness, grand canonical Monte Carlo methods are used; phase transitions are analyzed via finite size scaling, as in previous work on bulk systems and under confinement between identical types of walls. Unlike the latter work, inequivalent walls are used here: while the left wall has a hard-core rep…

Phase transitionCapillary waveMonte Carlo methodFOS: Physical sciencesMonte-Carlo simulationCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Mattercomplex mixtures01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasColloiddemixing transition in confinement0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsScalingPhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsCapillary condensationdigestive oral and skin physiologyMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)3. Good healthUniversality (dynamical systems)Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Mattercolloid-polymer mixturesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Ising modelPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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