Search results for "Scattering"

showing 10 items of 8332 documents

Profiling Suspensions in Natural Water by a Simplified Dynamic Light Scattering Procedure and Sedimentation

2015

Abstract A coherent light scattering experiment was carried out. The samples were aqueous natural water suspensions picked from the same river. While sedimentation occurred in the samples, they were subjected to a dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiment and the time series was recorded at certain time intervals. For each recording, a program written for this purpose, performing at least square minimisation, computed the average diameter of the particles in suspension. The variation of the average diameter in time indicates the dominant type of suspensions in water.

0106 biological sciencesMaterials scienceAqueous solutionEcologyAverage diameterScattering010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyNatural waterMineralogy010501 environmental sciences01 natural sciencescoherent light scatteringDynamic light scatteringsuspensionsnatural waterdynamic light scattering (dls)QH540-549.50105 earth and related environmental sciencesTransylvanian Review of Systematical and Ecological Research
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Echo-sounding can discriminate between fish and macroinvertebrates in fresh water

2008

SUMMARY 1. Acoustic scattering from fish and macroinvertebrates was studied in a boreal Finnish lake at three echosounder frequencies (38, 120 and 200 kHz). Split-beam transducers with partly overlapping 7� beams were employed. Acoustic, fish and invertebrate sampling were undertaken simultaneously. Vertical gradients of temperature and oxygen concentration were measured during the exercise. 2. At all frequencies, a narrow scattering layer coincided with the thermocline. At 38 kHz, fish were detected well with practically no reverberation from invertebrates while 200 kHz detected both fish and invertebrates. 3. Minor differences in the magnitude of acoustic scattering from fish were found b…

0106 biological sciencesbiologyScattering010604 marine biology & hydrobiologyMineralogyAquatic Sciencebiology.organism_classification010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciences6. Clean waterFisheryEcho soundingChaoborus flavicansotorhinolaryngologic diseasesOsmerus eperlanus14. Life underwaterSmeltThermoclineInvertebrateAudio frequencyFreshwater Biology
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Evaluation of the shielding in a treatment room with an electronic brachytherapy unit.

2017

Esteya® (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) is an electronic brachytherapy (eBT) system based on a 69.5 kVp x-ray source and a set of collimators of 1 to 3 cm in diameter, used for treating non-melanoma skin cancer lesions. This study aims to estimate room shielding requirements for this unit. The non-primary (scattered and leakage) ambient dose equivalent rates were measured with a Berthold LB-133 monitor (Berthold Technologies, Bad Wildbad, Germany). The latter ranges from 17 mSv h-1 at 0.25 m distance from the x-ray source to 0.1 mSv h-1 at 2.5 m. The necessary room shielding was then estimated following US and some European guidelines. The room shielding for all barriers…

0106 biological sciencesbusiness.industryEquivalent dosemedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyBrachytherapyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthTreatment roomGeneral MedicineRadiation Dosage01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRadiation ProtectionElectromagnetic shieldingCalibrationmedicineHumansScattering RadiationNuclear medicinebusinessRadiometryWaste Management and Disposal010606 plant biology & botanyJournal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection
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Giant, unconventional anomalous Hall effect in the metallic frustrated magnet candidate, KV 3 Sb 5

2020

The anomalous Hall effect soars when Dirac quasiparticles meet frustrated magnetism.

02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceHall effectCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics010306 general physicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsResearch ArticlesPhysicsMultidisciplinaryCondensed matter physicsScatteringDirac (video compression format)PhysicsSciAdv r-articles021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSemimetalFerromagnetismMagnetQuasiparticleSpin Hall effectCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons0210 nano-technologyResearch ArticleScience Advances
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Plasmonic nanosensors reveal a height dependence of MinDE protein oscillations on membrane features

2018

6 p.-4 fig.

02 engineering and technologyEscherichia-coli010402 general chemistryCurvature01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysisQuantitative Biology::Subcellular ProcessesColloid and Surface ChemistryNanosensorSpectroscopyPlasmonPhospholipidsHydrophobic residuesPlasmonic nanoparticlesChemistryScatteringSensorsGeneral ChemistryBinding021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesMembraneMembrane curvatureChemical physics0210 nano-technology
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Through-transmission laser welding of polymers – temperature field modeling and infrared investigation

2007

The purpose of the present study is to estimate the weldability of a polymeric material couple according to their thermal and optical properties. A first model based on Mie theory and Monte Carlo method describes the laser beam behavior in semi-transparent media and makes it possible to approximate the laser power distribution at the interface of the two materials. A second model based on finite element method permits the temperature field estimation into both parts to be welded. The results are validated by infrared thermography.

0209 industrial biotechnologyMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMie scatteringMonte Carlo methodWeldabilityLaser beam welding02 engineering and technologyWelding021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFinite element methodElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.invention020901 industrial engineering & automationOpticslawThermographyLaser power scaling0210 nano-technologybusinessInfrared Physics & Technology
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Hybrid Biopolymer and Lipid Nanoparticles with Improved Transfection Efficacy for mRNA

2020

Cells 9(9), 2034 (1-19) (2020). doi:10.3390/cells9092034

0301 basic medicine570small angle scatteringNanoparticlecationic lipid02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialTransfectionArticleCell LineFatty Acids Monounsaturated03 medical and health sciencesMiceBiopolymersddc:570AnimalsHumansRNA MessengerParticle Sizelcsh:QH301-705.5chemistry.chemical_classificationMice Inbred BALB Ccancer immunotherapySmall-angle X-ray scatteringHeparinOptical ImagingCationic polymerizationGeneral MedicinePolymerTransfection021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyvaccinationSmall-angle neutron scatteringLipidslipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticlesQuaternary Ammonium Compounds030104 developmental biologychemistrylcsh:Biology (General)cationic polymerBiophysicsengineeringNanoparticlesRNAFemalePolymer blendBiopolymer0210 nano-technologyCovid-19
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Physicochemical and Preclinical Evaluation of Spermine-Derived Surfactant Liposomes for in Vitro and in Vivo siRNA-Delivery to Liver Macrophages

2016

Herein we report on a liposomal system for siRNA delivery consisting of cholesterol (Chol), distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), and surfactant TF (1-hydroxy-50-amino-3,4,7,10,13,16,19,22-octaoxa-37,41,45-triaza-pentacontane), a novel spermine derivative (HO-EG8-C12-spermine) which has shown improved siRNA delivery to cells in vitro and in vivo. Predominantly single-walled liposomes with reproducible sizes and moderately broad size distributions were generated with an automated extrusion device. The liposomes remained stable when prepared in the presence of siRNA at N/P ratios of 17-34. However, when mixed with human serum in equal volumes, larger aggregates in the size range of several hu…

0301 basic medicineAntigens Differentiation MyelomonocyticPharmaceutical ScienceSpermineFlow cytometryMiceSurface-Active Agents03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundDynamic light scatteringPulmonary surfactantAntigens CDIn vivoDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsParticle SizeRNA Small InterferingCells CulturedDrug CarriersLiposomemedicine.diagnostic_testReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMacrophagesModels TheoreticalFlow CytometryIn vitroCholesterol030104 developmental biologyLiverchemistryBiochemistryLiposomesPhosphatidylcholinesMolecular MedicineSpermineDrug carrierMolecular Pharmaceutics
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Biosynthesis of selenium-nanoparticles and -nanorods as a product of selenite bioconversion by the aerobic bacterium Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1

2018

The wide anthropogenic use of selenium compounds represents the major source of selenium pollution world- wide, causing environmental issues and health concerns. Microbe-based strategies for metal removal/recovery have received increasing interest thanks to the association of the microbial ability to detoxify toxic metal/ metalloid polluted environments with the production of nanomaterials. This study investigates the tolerance and the bioconversion of selenite (SeO32−) by the aerobically grown Actinomycete Rhodococcus aetherivorans BCP1 in association with its ability to produce selenium nanoparticles and nanorods (SeNPs and SeNRs). The BCP1 strain showed high tolerance towards SeO32− with…

0301 basic medicineBioconversionStatic Electricity030106 microbiologychemistry.chemical_elementBioengineeringSelenious AcidSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia GeneraleSelenium pollutionSelenium03 medical and health sciencesMinimum inhibitory concentrationchemistry.chemical_compoundNanoparticleBiosynthesisRhodococcusParticle SizeSelenite Rhodococcus aetherivorans Selenium nanoparticles Selenium nanorods Biogenic nanostructuresSelenium nanorodMolecular BiologyNanotubesbiologyBiogenic nanostructureRhodococcus aetherivoranSpectrometry X-Ray EmissionGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationDynamic Light ScatteringSelenium nanoparticleBacteria AerobicNanotube030104 developmental biologychemistryBiochemistry13. Climate actionSelenious AcidSeleniteNanoparticlesMetalloidRhodococcusSeleniumRhodococcuBiotechnologyNew Biotechnology
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Skin-derived mesenchymal stem cells as quantum dot vehicles to tumors

2017

Dominyka Dapkute,1,2 Simona Steponkiene,1 Danute Bulotiene,1 Liga Saulite,3 Una Riekstina,3 Ricardas Rotomskis1,4 1Biomedical Physics Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania; 2Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania; 3Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia; 4Biophotonics Group of Laser Research Center, Faculty of Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania Purpose: Cell-mediated delivery of nanoparticles is emerging as a new method of cancer diagnostics and treatment. Due to their inherent regenerative properties, adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are naturally attracted to wounds and sites of inflammation, as well as tumors.…

0301 basic medicineBiophysicsPharmaceutical ScienceConnective tissueBioengineeringBreast Neoplasmsquantum dotsMice SCIDFlow cytometryBiomaterialsCell therapy03 medical and health sciencesIn vivoCell MovementInternational Journal of NanomedicineCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsHumansViability assayParticle SizeCytotoxicityCell ShapeSkinOriginal Researchmesenchymal stem cellsMigration Assaymedicine.diagnostic_testCell DeathChemistryOrganic ChemistryMesenchymal stem cellGeneral MedicineDynamic Light ScatteringEndocytosis030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureimmunodeficient miceCancer researchNanoparticlesFemaletumor tropismtumor-specific deliveryInternational Journal of Nanomedicine
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