Search results for "Scrap"

Mathematical models for the diffusion magnetic resonance signal abnormality in patients with prion diseases

2014

In clinical practice signal hyperintensity in the cortex and/or in the striatum on magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) is a marker of sporadic Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (sCJD). MR diagnostic accuracy is greater than 90%, but the biophysical mechanisms underpinning the signal abnormality are unknown. The aim of this prospective study is to combine an advanced DWI protocol with new mathematical models of the microstructural changes occurring in prion disease patients to investigate the cause of MR signal alterations. This underpins the later development of more sensitive and specific image-based biomarkers. DWI data with a wide a range of echo times and diffusion weightin…

Prions, mad cow disease, and preventive measures: a critical appraisal

2003

In 1996 the first key epidemiological study on bovine spongiform encephalitis (BSE) appeared in the renowned journal Nature [1]. In that article it was estimated that by the year 1996, some 750,000 cows with BSE had entered the food chain in Great Britain. Accordingly, millions of people in GB must have consumed contaminated meat. That same year the first report on a new form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease [variant (v) CJD] manifesting in young patients appeared [26]. A connection between this disease and BSE was assumed. In view of the suspicion that the use of meat and bone meal (MBM) had led to the outbreak of BSE, feeding with MBM was banned in the year 1988. The number of new BSE infecti…

Novel approaches in diagnosis and therapy of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

2000

The scrapie prion protein, PrP(Sc), as well as its peptide fragment, PrP106-126, are toxic on neuronal cells, resulting in cell death by an apoptotic, rather than necrotic mechanism. The apoptotic process of neuronal cells induced by prion protein supports diagnosis and offers potential targets for therapeutic intervention of the prion diseases. Among the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteins, which may serve as markers of neuronal cell death associated with prion diseases, the 14-3-3 protein(s) turned out to be the most promising one. A new sensitive assay allows the detection of even small changes in the normally low levels of these proteins. In vitro, the toxic effects displayed by PrP(Sc) …

Neuroprotective effect of flupirtine in prion disease

2003

Apoptotic neuronal cell death is a hallmark of prion diseases. The apoptotic process in neuronal cells is thought to be caused by the scrapie prion protein, PrPSc, and can be experimentally induced by its peptide fragment, PrP106-126. This process is a target for potential drugs to combat prion disease or to ameliorate its symptoms. Flupirtine (Katadolon), a pyridine derivative that is in clinical use as a nonopioid analgesic, has a potent cytoprotective effect, at concentrations above 1 microg/mL, on neuronal cells treated with PrP(Sc) or PrP106-126. This drug acts as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, but does not bind to NMDA receptors. Flupirtine normalizes the level of intracel…

Paul Rudolph. Bond Centre

2015

Il Bond Centre di Paul Rudolph ad Hong Kong è un complesso di due torri gemelle connesse con un grande basamento. E' particolarmente interessante per il modo in cui articola lo spazio urbano dell'attacco a terra. Esso rivela la concezione di Rudolph dell'edificio alto costituito una parte urbana sottostante (village in the city). Esso viene comparato ad altri progetti di Rudolph ed alle teorie di Rem Koolhaas sugli edifici alti. The Bond Centre is one of the first big skyscrapers in Hong Kong. It is actually a twin towers complex very peculiar in the manner it relates to the urban space of the city. It unfolds Rudolph's ideas about the tall buildings and their link to the city. The author r…

Cytoprotective effect of NMDA receptor antagonists on prion protein (PrionSc)-induced toxicity in rat cortical cell cultures

1993

Rat cortical cells were incubated with the Scrapie prion protein, PrionSc. At concentrations of 3 ng/ml of PrionSc and higher, the viability of the cells decreased significantly after a 12-h incubation period. Simultaneously, the degree of DNA fragmentation increased. In control experiments with antibodies against PrionSc, PrionSc lost its deleterious effect on neurons. PrionSc did not affect the viability of astrocytes. Drugs known to block NMDA receptor channels, such as memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyl-adamantane) (Mem), its analogue 1-N-methylamino-3,5-dimethyl-adamantane as well as (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate (MK-801) prevented the effect of …

Influence of ADAM10 on prion protein processing and scrapie infectiosity in vivo.

2009

Abstract Both the cellular prion protein (PrPc) and the amyloid precursor protein (APP) are physiologically subjected to complex proteolytic processing events. While for APP the proteinases involved – alpha-, beta- and gamma-secretase – have been identified in vitro and in vivo, the cleavage of PrPc by now has been linked only to the shedding activity of the metalloproteinase ADAM10 and/or ADAM17 in cell culture. Here we show that neuronal overexpression of the alpha-secretase ADAM10 in mice reduces all PrPc species detected in the brain instead of leading to enhanced amounts of specific cleavage products of PrPc. Additionally, the incubation time of mice after scrapie infection is signific…

Vienotas Latvijas dzīvnieku patversmju datubāzes izveide

2022

Bakalaura darbā “Vienotas Latvijas dzīvnieku patversmju datu bāzes izveide” ir dokumentēti datu struktūru tipi un datu kvalitātes kritēriji, apskatītas dažādas rasmošanas tehnikas un rasmošanas izaicinājumi, veikts pētījums par adopcijai pieejamo dzīvnieku datiem Latvijas dzīvnieku patversmju tīmekļa vietnēs. Daba mērķis ir izveidot vienotu datubāzi ar adopcijai pieejamajiem dzīvniekiem Latvijas dzīvnieku patversmēs. Mērķa realizēšanā izstrādāts rasmotājs ar Python Scrapy satvaru, kas apkopo datus par 11 oficiāli reģistrētajām dzīvnieku patversmēm un izgūtos datus glabā MySQL datu bāzē.

3D PRINTED GREEN COMPOSITES BASED ON POLYMERIC MATRICES AND ANCHOVY FISHBONE WASTES

Coinage and Indigenous Populations in Central Sicily

2015

The study of the coins found in the indigenous settlements of Caltanissetta province and the analysis of the related contexts of provenance, have highlighted that in these centers, still in the 4th century BC, the coin was considered a worthless piece of metal and that other bronze objects were used as medium of exchange. It is remarkable the discovery in this territory of three “mixed” hoards, including not only coins, but also of bronze scraps and small fragmentary objects. These elements seem to show a late achievement, among those communities, of an economy based on the exclusive use of coins, that was a peculiar expression of the Greek culture