Search results for "Sensor"

Modern Multispectral Sensors Help Track Explosive Eruptions

2013

Due to its massive air traffic impact, the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajokull was felt by millions of people and cost airlines more than U.S. $1.7 billion. The event has, thus, become widely cited in renewed efforts to improve real-time tracking of volcanic plumes, as witnessed by special sections published last year in Journal of Geophysical Research, (117, issues D20 and B9).

Sensory performance of blind Mexican cave fish after destruction of the canal neuromasts.

1990

Rapid Assessment of Gray Mold (Botrytis cinerea) Infection in Grapes with a Biosensor System

2015

Abstract: Botrytis cinerea is the causative agent of gray mold disease, which causes considerable economic losses to winemakers. The extent of gray mold infection of winegrapes is commonly visually estimated, a method that is prone to assessor bias. Here, we used rapid and simple enzyme-based screening consisting of carbon-electrode, screen-printed amperometric biosensors to estimate gluconic acid and glycerol concentration in winegrapes infected with different degrees of B. cinerea. The lower limits of quantification of the screen-printed amperometric biosensors were 3 mg/L for gluconic acid (corresponding to an infection rate of less than 1%) and 35 mg/L for glycerol; the response times w…

An Overview of Functionalized Graphene Nanomaterials for Advanced Applications

2021

Interest in the development of graphene-based materials for advanced applications is growing, because of the unique features of such nanomaterials and, above all, of their outstanding versatility, which enables several functionalization pathways that lead to materials with extremely tunable properties and architectures. This review is focused on the careful examination of relationships between synthetic approaches currently used to derivatize graphene, main properties achieved, and target applications proposed. Use of functionalized graphene nanomaterials in six engineering areas (materials with enhanced mechanical and thermal performance, energy, sensors, biomedical, water treatment, and c…

Description of movement sensor dataset for dog behavior classification

2022

The description and results of the original investigation are found in: Dog behaviour classification with movement sensors placed on the harness and the collar, Kumpulainen, P., Valldeoriola Cardó, A., Somppi, S., Törnqvist, H., Väätäjä, H., Majaranta, P., Gizatdinova, Y., Antink, C. H., Surakka, V., V. Kujala, M., Vainio, O. & Vehkaoja, A., Aug 2021, In: Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 241, 7 p., 105393. Movement sensor data from seven static and dynamic dog behaviors (sitting, standing, lying down, trotting, walking, playing, and (treat) searching i.e. sniffing) was collected from 45 middle to large sized dogs with six degree-of-freedom movement sensors attached to the collar and the ha…

Optimization of Linearized Belief Propagation for Distributed Detection

2020

In this paper, we investigate distributed inference schemes, over binary-valued Markov random fields, which are realized by the belief propagation (BP) algorithm. We first show that a decision variable obtained by the BP algorithm in a network of distributed agents can be approximated by a linear fusion of all the local log-likelihood ratios. The proposed approach clarifies how the BP algorithm works, simplifies the statistical analysis of its behavior, and enables us to develop a performance optimization framework for the BP-based distributed inference systems. Next, we propose a blind learning-adaptation scheme to optimize the system performance when there is no information available a pr…

Modeling and Mitigating Errors in Belief Propagation for Distributed Detection

2021

We study the behavior of the belief-propagation (BP) algorithm affected by erroneous data exchange in a wireless sensor network (WSN). The WSN conducts a distributed multidimensional hypothesis test over binary random variables. The joint statistical behavior of the sensor observations is modeled by a Markov random field whose parameters are used to build the BP messages exchanged between the sensing nodes. Through linearization of the BP message-update rule, we analyze the behavior of the resulting erroneous decision variables and derive closed-form relationships that describe the impact of stochastic errors on the performance of the BP algorithm. We then develop a decentralized distribute…

Agents driven smart sensors

2017

Any physical area (like schools, home, hospitals etc.) that uses either mobile devices, sensors, embedded systems or computers to gather information from the users and the environment and eventually, adapt according to the new information gained. [1] Smart spaces compromises of heterogeneous hardware which often leads to the issues of interoperability. One way of reducing the heterogeneity between the sensors is to introduce the semantic interface as sensors default interface. Semantic Web provides a common interface and for-mat for data representation so that one can decrease the heterogeneity of data and increase data reusability. [2] With the Smart Spaces, it is important to use only the…

Minimum detection limits and applications of proton and helium induced X-ray emission using transition-edge sensor array

2017

Abstract We have determined minimum detection limits, MDLs, for elements 14 ⩽ Z ⩽ 86 using a transition-edge sensor array, TES array, and as a comparison using an Amptek X-123SDD silicon drift detector, SDD. This was done using a 3 MeV proton beam and a 5.1 MeV helium beam. MDLs were determined for a thin film sample on top of C substrate, and for a bulk sample containing mostly Al. Due to the higher peak-to-background ratio, lower detection limits were obtainable using the TES array for most of the elements. However, for elements 30 ⩽ Z ⩽ 45 the performance of the TES array was not as good as the SDD performance. This is due to the limitations of the TES used at energies >10 keV. The great…

Alkylthio-tetrasubstituted μ-Nitrido Diiron Phthalocyanines: Spectroelectrochemistry, Electrical Properties, and Heterojunctions for Ammonia Sensing.

2020

Alkylthio-tetrasubstituted μ-nitrido diiron phthalocyanine complexes are synthesized with n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl, and n-hexadecyl alkyl moieties. For the first time, a spectroelectrochemical investigation of μ-nitrido diiron phthalocyanines is achieved at all the redox steps. The complexes are stable in all their redox states, unlike their unsubstituted analogues. The interest of the present complexes is to prepare sensing devices by a solution processing method. Films are characterized by electronic absorption and Raman spectroscopies. Electrical measurements on resistors show the highly resistive behavior of these complexes, whatever the chain length. However, when combined with t…