Search results for "Sensor"
showing 10 items of 4594 documents
Responsiveness of human neonates to the odor of 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one: A behavioral paradox?
2014
The odorous steroid 5alpha-androst-16-en-3-one (AND) occurs in numerous biological fluids in mammals, including man, where it is believed to play a chemocommunicative role. As AND was recently detected in milk and amniotic fluid, sensitivity and hedonic responses to this substance were assessed in human neonates. To this aim, respiration and facial expressions were recorded in 3-day-old newborns in response to aqueous solutions of AND, ranging from 500ng/mL to 0.5 fg/mL. Although analyses of respiratory rate did not lead to clear-cut results, the newborns changed their facial expressions at concentrations not detected by adults in a triangle test. Newborns displayed negative facial actions …
Central motor conduction time by magnetic stimulation of the cortex and peripheral nerve conduction follow-up studies in Friedreich's ataxia.
1998
A follow-up clinical study, peripheral motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and central motor conduction by magnetic stimulation of the cortex were performed in 13 patients with classical Friedreich's ataxia (FA) phenotype, for a period of 9-12 years. Clinical worsening was unrelated to peripheral nerve abnormalities. The amplitude of the nerve action potentials and delayed conduction velocity remained unchanged for several years. Central motor conduction times were abnormal in all patients. Clinical conditions worsened significantly between successive examinations with significant increments in threshold and significant decrement of the amplitude of motor evoked potentials. The re…
Skill-related differences between athletes and nonathletes in speed discrimination.
2008
This study examined differences in decision-making time and accuracy as attributes of speed discrimination between participants skilled and less skilled in ball games. A total of 130 men, ages 18 to 28 years ( M = 21.2, SD = 2.6), participated. The athlete sample (skilled group) comprised Estonian National League volleyball ( n = 26) and basketball players ( n = 27). The nonathlete sample (less skilled group) included 77 soldiers of the Estonian Defence Force with no reported top level experience in ball games. Speed-discrimination stimuli were images of red square shapes presented moving along the sagittal axis at four different virtual velocities on a computer (PC) screen which represent…
Comparison of visual and refractive results of Toric Implantable Collamer Lens with bioptics for myopic astigmatism.
2013
PURPOSE: To compare visual and refractive results of Toric Implantable Collamer Lens (TICL) and bioptics (ICL plus excimer corneal surgery) to treat myopic astigmatism. METHODS: Eighty-one eyes underwent TICL implantation and 83 eyes were treated with bioptics (corneal ablation was performed between 1.5 and 6 months after ICL implantation). Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, adverse events, safety, and efficacy were evaluated 12 months postoperatively. RESULTS: At 12 months postoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent was -0.15 ± 0.36 diopters (D) in the TICL group and -0.08 ± 0.26 D in the bioptics group (p = 0.099). Sixty-six …
Increased gait variability during robot-assisted walking is accompanied by increased sensorimotor brain activity in healthy people
2019
Abstract Background Gait disorders are major symptoms of neurological diseases affecting the quality of life. Interventions that restore walking and allow patients to maintain safe and independent mobility are essential. Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) proved to be a promising treatment for restoring and improving the ability to walk. Due to heterogenuous study designs and fragmentary knowlegde about the neural correlates associated with RAGT and the relation to motor recovery, guidelines for an individually optimized therapy can hardly be derived. To optimize robotic rehabilitation, it is crucial to understand how robotic assistance affect locomotor control and its underlying brain act…
Hypo-excitability of cortical areas in patients affected by Friedreich ataxia: A TMS study
2005
The aim of the study was to explore excitability of a motor and a non-motor (visual) area in patients affected by Friedreich ataxia and to correlate neurophysiological data with clinical parameters. Seven patients (3M/4F) and ten healthy controls (5M/5F) participated in the study. The hot-spot for activation of right abductor pollicis brevis was checked by means of a figure-of-eight coil and the motor threshold (MT) on this point was recorded. The phosphene threshold (PT) was measured by means of a focal coil over the occipital cortex as the lower intensity of magnetic stimulation able to induce the perception of phosphenes. The patients showed a significantly higher mean PT (p<.03) and MT …
Sutureless ciliary sulcus supported intraocular lens with transiridal anchoring haptics.
2003
We report a technique for implanting intraocular lenses (IOLs) in the ciliary sulcus in eyes without capsule support. The IOL design allows it to be implanted without fixation sutures. The lens was implanted in 3 aphakic eyes without capsule support.
Gait-dependent motor memory facilitation in covert movement execution
2004
In the current study, we examined whether sensorimotor information stored in short-term memory may influence the temporal features between overt and covert execution of human locomotor movements and, furthermore, to examine to what extent such influence may depend on the ongoing gait activity. The subjects (n=20) who participated in the experiment were separated in two groups and instructed to walk (overt execution) or imagine walking (covert execution) along three locomotor paths: horizontal, uphill and downhill. The subjects of the first group, labeled in block, performed all the covert trials before executing the corresponding overt trials, while the subjects of the second group, labeled…
Functional MRI of galvanic vestibular stimulation with alternating currents at different frequencies.
2004
Abstract Functional MRI was performed in 28 healthy volunteers to study the effects of galvanic vestibular stimulation with alternating currents (AC-GVS) of different frequencies on brain activation patterns. The aims of this study were (1) to identify specific areas within the vestibular cortical network that are involved in the processing of frequency-specific aspects by correlation analyses, (2) to determine the optimal frequency for stimulation of the vestibular system with respect to perception, and (3) to analyze whether different frequencies of AC-GVS are mediated in different cortical areas or different sites within the vestibular cortex. AC-GVS was performed using sinusoidal stimul…
The thalamus as the generator and modulator of EEG alpha rhythm: a combined PET/EEG study with lorazepam challenge in humans
2003
Background: Purpose of this study was to investigate the functional relationship between electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha power and cerebral glucose metabolism before and after pharmacological alpha suppression by lorazepam. Methods: Ten healthy male volunteers were examined undergoing two F18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scans with simultaneous EEG recording: 1× placebo, 1× lorazepam. EEG power spectra were computed by means of Fourier analysis. The PET data were analyzed using SPM99, and the correlations between metabolism and alpha power were calculated for both conditions. Results: The comparison lorazepam versus placebo revealed reduced glucose meta…