Search results for "Sensory system"
showing 10 items of 1266 documents
251 SENSORY PROFILES IN PAINFUL VS. NON-PAINFUL CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED POLYNEUROPATHY
2007
Facing the face – the construction of the frontal face in prehistoric and ancient two- and three-dimensional images
2020
Interpersonal communication depends to a large extent on the human face, with its many sensory organs, easily recognizable features and expression capacities. This is clearly evidenced by the abund...
Image quality with multifocal intraocular lenses and the effect of pupil size
2007
Purpose To analyze the image quality with a refractive and 2 hybrid refractive–diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) in vitro to determine the IOL modulation transfer function (MTF) following the EN-ISO international standard for distance and near vision and to study the IOLs' behavior with different pupil sizes. Setting Fundacion Oftalmologica del Mediterraneo, Valencia, Spain. Methods This study evaluated 4 IOLs: the hybrid refractive–diffractive AcrySof ReSTOR SN60D3 (Alcon) and Tecnis ZM900 (AMO), the refractive ReZoom NXG (AMO), and the monofocal AcrySof SN60WF (Alcon). The MTF was calculated from the cross-line spread function recorded with the OPAL Vector System (Image Sci…
Prediction and qualitative analysis of sensory perceptions over temporal vectors using combination of artificial neural networks and fuzzy logic: Val…
2020
Why Cortices? Neural Networks for Visual Information Processing
1989
Neural networks for the processing of sensory information show remarkable similarities between different species and across different sensory modalities. As an example, cortical organization found in the mamalian neopallium and in the optic tecta of most vertebrates appears to be equally appropriate as a substrate for visual, auditory, and somatosensory information processing. In this paper, we formulate three structural principles of the vertebrate visual cortex that allow to analyze structure and function of these neural networks on an intermediate level of complexity. Computational applications are taken from the field of early vision. The proposed principles are: (a) Average anatomy, i …
Sensory neuropathy with bone destruction due to a mutation in the membrane-shaping atlastin GTPase 3.
2014
Many neurodegenerative disorders present with sensory loss. In the group of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies loss of nociception is one of the disease hallmarks. To determine underlying factors of sensory neurodegeneration we performed whole-exome sequencing in affected individuals with the disorder. In a family with sensory neuropathy with loss of pain perception and destruction of the pedal skeleton we report a missense mutation in a highly conserved amino acid residue of atlastin GTPase 3 (ATL3), an endoplasmic reticulum-shaping GTPase. The same mutation (p.Tyr192Cys) was identified in a second family with similar clinical outcome by screening a large cohort of 115 patients …
Uveal effusion syndrome complicated by anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
1995
We report on a case of idiopathic uveal effusion syndrome complicated by AION. To our knowledge such an association hasn't been previously described. We suggest that scleral thickening caused obstruction of vortex veins followed by uveal effusion and compression of posterior ciliary arteries within their intrascleral tract, leading to AION. Nevertheless it can't be excluded that AION was the result of mechanical compression on ciliary vessels of optic disc by choroidal detachment. © 1996, Kluwer Academic Publishers. All rights reserved.
Judging body weight from faces: the height-weight illusion.
2012
Being able to exploit features of the human face to predict health and fitness can serve as an evolutionary advantage. Surface features such as facial symmetry, averageness, and skin colour are known to influence attractiveness. We sought to determine whether observers are able to extract more complex features, namely body weight. If possible, it could be used as a predictor for health and fitness. For instance, facial adiposity could be taken to indicate a cardiovascular challenge or proneness to infections. Observers seem to be able to glean body weight information from frontal views of a face. Is weight estimation robust across different viewing angles? We showed that participants stron…
The brainstem efferent acoustic chiasm in pigmented and albino rats
2015
Abstract The present study examined whether structural peculiarities in the brain-efferent pathway to the organ of Corti may underlie functional differences in hearing between pigmented and albino individuals of the same mammalian species. Pigmented Brown-Norway rats and albino Wistar rats received unilateral injections of an aqueous solution of the retrograde neuronal tracer Fluorogold (FG) into the scala tympani of the cochlea to identify olivocochlear neurons (OCN) in the brainstem superior olivary complex. After five days, brains were perfusion-fixed and brainstem sections were cut and analyzed with respect to retrogradely labeled neurons. Intrinsic neurons of the lateral system were lo…
Both attention and prediction are necessary for adaptive neuronal tuning in sensory processing
2014
International audience; The brain as a proactive system processes sensory information under the top-down influence of attention and prediction. However, the relation between attention and prediction remains undetermined given the conflation of these two mechanisms in the literature. To evaluate whether attention and prediction are dependent of each other, and if so, how these two top-down mechanisms may interact in sensory processing, we orthogonally manipulated attention and prediction in a target detection task. Participants were instructed to pay attention to one of two interleaved stimulus streams of predictable/unpredictable tone frequency. We found that attention and prediction intera…