Search results for "Sepsis"
showing 10 items of 306 documents
Clinical and immunological aspects of microRNAs in neonatal sepsis
2022
Abstract Neonatal sepsis constitutes a highly relevant public health challenge and is the most common cause of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent studies have demonstrated that during infection epigenetic changes may occur leading to reprogramming of gene expression. Post-transcriptional regulation by short non-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNAs) have recently acquired special relevance because of their role in the regulation of the pathophysiology of sepsis and their potential clinical use as biomarkers. ~22-nucleotide of microRNAs are not only involved in regulating multiple relevant cellular and molecular functions, such as immune cell function and inflammatory response, but have…
Monocyte distribution width kinetic after surgery
2022
Not available
High risk of bacterobilia in advanced experimental chronic fasciolosis
2006
Fasciolosis is recognized as an important human disease. Wistar rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica were examined using data obtained in the advanced chronic state of the disease (200, 300 and 400 days post-infection, dpi). Pigment stones (PS) and bile specimens were collected. The same procedure was applied in control rats. Liver tests were determined using stored serum samples. Bacteriological bile culture revealed viable bacteria (Escherichia coli, 45% of cases, Enterococcus faecalis, 45% and Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10%). The presence of bacterobilia was associated with liver serum enzymes, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST or SGOT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT o…
Activation of the contact-phase system on bacterial surfaces--a clue to serious complications in infectious diseases.
1998
Fever, hypotension and bleeding disorders are common symptoms of sepsis and septic shock. The activation of the contact-phase system is thought to contribute to the development of these severe disease states by triggering proinflammatory and procoagulatory cascades; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are obscure. Here we report that the components of the contact-phase system are assembled on the surface of Escherichia coli and Salmonella through their specific interactions with fibrous bacterial surface proteins, curli and fimbriae. As a consequence, the proinflammatory pathway is activated through the release of bradykinin, a potent inducer of fever, pain and hypotension. Absorpt…
Procalcitonin as a marker of Candida species detection by blood culture and polymerase chain reaction in septic patients
2014
Background: The aim of our study is to test procalcitonin (PCT) as surrogate marker of identification of Candida spp. by blood culture (BC) and real-time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whether alone or in association with bacteria, in septic patients.Methods: We performed a single-centre retrospective study. We reviewed the clinical charts of patients with a diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock treated at our general intensive care unit from March 2009 to March 2013. We analysed all diagnostic episodes consisting of BC, real-time PCR assay and dosage of PCT. We registered age, sex, white blood count, sequential organ failure assessment score and type of admission between medical or …
Monitoring neonatal fungal infection with metabolomics
2014
Abstract The objective of our study was to evaluate the capability of the metabolomics approach to identify the variations of urine metabolites over time related to the neonatal fungal septic condition. The study population included a clinical case of a preterm neonate with invasive fungal infection and 13 healthy preterm controls. This study showed a unique urine metabolic profile of the patient affected by fungal sepsis compared to urine of controls and it was also possible to evaluate the efficacy of therapy in improving patient health.
Complete gangrene of penis in patient with arterial vascular disease.
2004
We present a clinical case of distal penile gangrene in a patient with peripheral vaso-occlusive disease that did not correlate with the extension of the intraoperative finding and required total penectomy. Surgical intervention at the onset of wet gangrene avoids the complication of sepsis.
Adaptation to host inVibrio vulnificus, a zoonotic pathogen that causes septicemia in fish and humans
2019
Vibrio vulnificus is a siderophilic pathogen spreading due to global warming. The zoonotic strains constitute a clonal-complex related to fish farms that are distributed worldwide. In this study, we applied a transcriptomic and single gene approach and discover that the zoonotic strains bypassed the iron requirement of the species thanks to the acquisition of two iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPs) involved in resistance to fish innate immunity. Both proteins have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer and are contributing to the successful spreading of this clonal-complex. We have also discovered that the zoonotic strains express a virulent phenotype in the blood of its main…
Epigenetics As The Driving Force In Long-Term Immunosuppression
2016
Epigenetics is an emerging frontier of biology, with the potential for deciphering the intricate molecular and transcriptional cellular programs, therefore contributing to explain the pathological evolution of sepsis, one of the most elusive syndromes in medicine. The evolution of sepsis depends not only on the pathogen which originated the infection but also on the genetic and epigenetic background of the host. Short-term mortality of sepsis and septic shock is high, being considered a public health concern worldwide. Immunosuppression is the predominant driving force for morbidity and mortality in late deaths and long-term deaths of survivors from a sepsis episode. In this regard, apoptos…
Healthcare associated infection: novel strategies and antimicrobial implants to prevent surgical site infection
2010
This report is based on a Hygienist Panel Meeting held at St Anne's Manor, Wokingham on 24–25 June 2009. The panel agreed that greater use should be made of antiseptics to reduce reliance on antibiotics with their associated risk of antibiotic resistance. When choosing an antiseptic for clinical use, the Biocompatibility Index, which considers both the microbiocidal activity and any cytotoxic effects of an antiseptic agent, was considered to be a useful tool. The need for longer and more proactive post-discharge surveillance of surgical patients was also agreed to be a priority, especially given the current growth of day-case surgery. The introduction of surgical safety checklists, such as…