Search results for "Sepsis"

Lethal rupture of post-traumatic aneurysm of the vertebral artery case report.

2009

Abstract Traumatic aneurysms or dissections of the vertebral artery have been reported in patients who have suffered minor craniofacial injuries in traffic accidents. A case is reported of ruptured traumatic vertebral artery aneurysm due to closed head injury without without penetrating injuries or skull fractures. The macroscopic and histological findings relevant to the vertebral wall were compatible with post-traumatic aneurysm; the rupture of the wall was assumed to be caused by sepsis and local infiltration of inflammatory cells.

An 'easy' method to understand perianal sepsis - a video vignette.

2019

High-Sensitivity Procalcitonin (hs-PCT): A Marker for Identification of Arteriosclerosis and Myocardial Infarction?

2008

Background: Procalcitonin (PCT) is a protein hormone induced by bacterial inflammation that serves as a marker of sepsis. C-reactive protein (CRP) is also known to be a marker of inflammation and, in low concentrations, a prognostic marker for latent or early arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis is considered as an inflammatory process that begins in the wall of an artery. In addition to CRP, the concentration of other markers of inflammation increases in the presence of arteriosclerosis. Methods: To determine if PCT is among these markers, the serum concentration of PCT was quantified in blood samples from healthy individuals (n = 410) and at admission in 774 patients, 92 with peripheral art…

A Case of Epididymo-orchitis after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma in a patient with latent tuberculos…

2016

Background: Intravesical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been established as efficient therapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. Overall, intravesical BCG is well tolerated and results in complications of less than 5 %. However, adverse effects such as granulomatous prostatitis, pneumonitis, hepatitis, sepsis, and hypersensitivity reactions may occur. The reported rate for tuberculous orchitis after BCG intravesical therapy is 0.4 %. Findings: We report a case of monolateral tuberculous orchitis occurring one month after the second course of intravescical instillation of bacille Calmette-Guérin in a patient with proven superficial bladder carcinoma and latent tuberculosis…

Dual specificity phosphatase 1 knockout mice show enhanced susceptibility to anaphylaxis but are sensitive to glucocorticoids.

2007

Dual specificity phosphatase DUSP1 (otherwise known as mitogen-activated phosphatase 1 or MKP-1) dephosphorylates MAPKs, particularly p38, and negatively regulates innate immunity. Recent studies have shown that the DUSP1 gene is transcriptionally up-regulated by glucocorticoids (GCs) and that the antiinflammatory action of GCs is impaired in DUSP1-/- mice. Here we show that GC-mediated dephosphorylation of ERK-1 and ERK-2 activated by IgE receptor cross-linking is unimpaired in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) of DUSP1-/- mice. Dephosphorylation of phospho-p38 MAPK is impaired but only at early times of GC treatment. Proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression (CCL2, IL-6,…

A new tool for sepsis screening in the Emergency Department

2021

Abstract Objectives In this study, we developed and evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Sepsis Index for early sepsis screening in the Emergency Department (ED). Methods Sepsis Index is based on the combination of monocyte distribution width (MDW) and mean monocyte volume (MMV). Sepsis Index≥1 was selected to define sepsis. We tested its diagnostic accuracy in an ED population stratified in four groups: controls, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), infection, and sepsis, according to Sepsis-2 criteria. Results Patients with sepsis displayed higher median Sepsis Index value than patients without sepsis. At the receiver operating characterictis (ROC) curve analysis for the pr…

Association between increased arterial stiffness and clinical outcomes in patients with early sepsis: a prospective observational cohort study.

2019

Background Conduit arteries, especially the aorta, play a major role in ensuring efficient cardiac function and optimal microvascular flow due to their viscoelastic properties. Studies in animals and on isolated arteries show that acute systemic inflammation can cause aortic stiffening which affects hemodynamic efficiency. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, a measure of aortic stiffness, may be useful as a bedside investigational method in patients with early sepsis admitted to intensive care, as circulatory changes can lead to multiple organ failure and increased mortality. This study aims to investigate arterial stiffness in early sepsis and its association with clinical outcomes. Metho…

Intravenous ascorbic acid to prevent and treat cancer-associated sepsis?

2011

Abstract The history of ascorbic acid (AA) and cancer has been marked with controversy. Clinical studies evaluating AA in cancer outcome continue to the present day. However, the wealth of data suggesting that AA may be highly beneficial in addressing cancer-associated inflammation, particularly progression to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multi organ failure (MOF), has been largely overlooked. Patients with advanced cancer are generally deficient in AA. Once these patients develop septic symptoms, a further decrease in ascorbic acid levels occurs. Given the known role of ascorbate in: a) maintaining endothelial and suppression of inflammatory markers; b) protection fro…

Management of complications after operations for acute pancreatitis.

1981

After early operation in 49 patients and delayed operation in 114 patients, all with acute hemorrhagic-necrotizing pancreatitis, 65% of patients developed local or general complications. Local complications were abscesses, peritonitis, bleeding, gastrointestinal fistulae or stenoses, and external pancreatic fistulae. Their cause can be traced to the large wound cavity with the tryptic wound surface as well as residual necrosis. The general postoperative complications were shock, acute renal failure, cardiorespiratory insufficiency, gastrointestinal bleeding, ileus, coagulopathy, and sepsis. These may have resulted from the local complications, or may even have been present before operation.…

Global validation of the WSES Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections : a prospective multicentre study (WISS …

2015

BACKGROUND: To validate a new practical Sepsis Severity Score for patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) including the clinical conditions at the admission (severe sepsis/septic shock), the origin of the cIAIs, the delay in source control, the setting of acquisition and any risk factors such as age and immunosuppression. ----- METHODS: The WISS study (WSES cIAIs Score Study) is a multicenter observational study underwent in 132 medical institutions worldwide during a four-month study period (October 2014-February 2015). Four thousand five hundred thirty-three patients with a mean age of 51.2 years (range 18-99) were enrolled in the WISS study. ----- RESULTS: Univariate…