Search results for "Short-Term"
showing 10 items of 240 documents
Air quality and integration of short-term and long-term pollutant data
2008
Modelling PM10 is an important problem in statistical methodology, above all to explain the PM10 behaviour in space and time, since it has been linked to many adverse effects on human and environmental health. But the large spatial variability of the main traffic-related pollutants, and in particular here the PM10, implies the impossibility of obtaining from the data of the fixed stations a complete pictures of the atmospheric pollution in the urban areas. Information from fixed monitoring stations (long-term measurements) are therefore integrated with the ones deriving from mobile station (short-term measurements). Short-term measurements are incomplete and so it is necessary to integrate …
SHORT-TERM SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY IN MIGRAINE MOTOR CORTEX: EVIDENCE BY PRECONDITIONING OF HIGH-FREQUENCY REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION (…
2011
Background: Brief 5Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) trains at 120% of the resting- motorthreshold (RMT) intensity determine in healthy subjects a potentiation of motor evoked potentials (MEPs), likely due to short-term presynaptic plasticity facilitation. We recently showed paradoxical intensity-dependent MEP changes to 5Hz rTMS in migraine with MEP facilitation at 110% and inhibition at 130% RMT. This provides evidence of both hyper-responsivity and self-limiting hyperexcitability capacity in migraine, likely due to earlier activation of inhibitory homeostatic plasticity mechanisms. To explore this, we applied in migraineurs cathodal transcranial Direct Current Stimul…
Assessing hot and cool executive functions in preschoolers: affective flexibility predicts emotion regulation
2018
Affective flexibility (AF) is the ability to alternate between processing emotional and non-emotional information. This hot executive function has been understudied during early development. The fi...
El síndrome del cromosoma X Frágil: fenotipo conductual y dificultades de aprendizaje
2015
In this article, we describe the behavioral phenotype of individuals with Fragile X Syndrome and its impact in the educational scope. This syndrome is characterized by difficulties in sensory integration, cognitive deficits (verbal reasoning, abstract/ visual and cuantitative skills, short term memory, sequential processing, attention and executive processes), language disorders (phonetic-phonologicals, semanticals, morphosyntacticals and pragmaticals) and communication disorders, social anxiety, general hyperarousal, autism, non autistic social difficulties, attention deficit and hyperactivity, and learning disabilities. The behavioral phenotype is highly variable and depends on sex, age, …
Exploring working memory in children with low arithmetical achievement
2005
Abstract This research aimed at exploring the working memory functions in children with low arithmetical achievement and normal reading, compared to age matched controls (mean age 9 years). All the children completed a series of working memory tasks, involving the central executive functions (using both linguistic and numerical material), the phonological loop (using words, pseudo-words and digits) and the visual sketchpad (using both static visual-spatial patterns and visual-spatial sequences). Results indicated that poor arithmeticians performed worse than age-matched controls in all the visual sketchpad tasks and in all the central executive tasks, whether they used linguistic or numeric…
BIOCHARS IN SOILS: TOWARDS THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING
2017
The special issue on Biochar as an Option for Sustainable Resource Management Key priorities in biochar research for future guidance of sustainable policy development have been identified by expert assessment within the COST Action TD1107. The current level of scientific understanding (LOSU) regarding the consequences of biochar application to soil were explored. Five broad thematic areas of biochar research were addressed: soil biodiversity and ecotoxicology, soil organic matter and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, soil physical properties, nutrient cycles and crop production, and soil remediation. The highest future research priorities regarding biochar’s effects in soils were: functional …
Repetition priming: Is music special?
2005
Using short and long contexts, the present study investigated musical priming effects that are based on chord repetition and harmonic relatedness. A musical target (a chord) was preceded by either an identical prime or a different but harmonically related prime. In contrast to words, pictures, and environmental sounds, chord processing was not facilitated by repetition. Experiments 1 and 2 using single-chord primes showed either no significant difference between chord repetition and harmonic relatedness or facilitated processing for harmonically related targets. Experiment 3 using longer prime contexts showed that musical priming depended more on the musical function of the target in the p…
Stereotype Threat Effect on a Simple Motor Task: An Investigation of the Visuo-Spatial Working Memory
2020
Purpose: Based on the Chalabaev et al. (2013) study showing that in a Stereotype Threat (ST) situation the velocity of force production in a simple motor task can be affected, this study aimed to r...
Are Neural Networks Imitations of Mind?
2015
Artificial neural networks are often understood as a good way to imitate mind through the web structure of neurons in brain, but the very high complexity of human brain prevents to consider neural networks as good models for human mind;anyway neural networks are good devices for computation in parallel. The difference between feed-forward and feedback neural networks is introduced; the Hopfield network and the multi-layers Perceptron are discussed. In a very weak isomorphism (not similitude) between brain and neural networks, an artificial form of short term memory and of acknowledgement, in Elman neural networks, is proposed.
Boosting working memory with accelerated clocks
2021
Our perception of time varies with the degree of cognitive engagement in tasks. The perceived passage of time accelerates while working on demanding tasks, whereas time appears to drag during boring situations. Our experiment aimed at investigating whether this relationship is mutual: Can manipulated announcements of elapsed time systematically affect the attentional resources applied to a cognitive task? We measured behavioral performance and the EEG in a whole report working memory paradigm with six items of different colors that each had to be reported after a short delay period. The 32 participants were informed about the current time after each 20 trials, while the clock was running at…