Search results for "Shunts."

Deciphering function of the pulmonary arterial sphincters in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta)

2018

To provide new insight to the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying gas emboli (GE) in bycaught loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta), the present study investigated the vasoactive characteristics of the pulmonary and systemic arteries, and the lung parenchyma (LP). Tissues were opportunistically excised from recently dead animals for in vitro studies of vasoactive responses to four different neurotransmitters: acetylcholine (ACh, parasympathetic), serotonin (5HT), epinephrine (Epi, sympathetic) and histamine. The significant amount of smooth muscle in the LP contracted in response to ACh, Epi and histamine. The intrapulmonary and systemic arteries contracted under both parasympatheti…

The Quest for Predictors of Shunt-Dependent Chronic Hydrocephalus After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Toward a Tailored Approach for Permanent …

2021

Prevention of ventricular catheter obstruction and slit ventricle syndrome by the prophylactic use of the Integra antisiphon device in shunt therapy …

2010

Object This 25-year follow-up study was performed on 120 children with hypertensive hydrocephalus to evaluate the influence of the early prophylactic implantation of the Integra antisiphon device (ASD, Integra Neurosciences Ltd.) on the rate of proximal shunt obstructions and the frequency of symptomatic slit ventricle syndrome (SVS). The adaptability of the ASD to growth, proper positioning of the ASD as a necessity for its successful performance, and the 3 phases of SVS development are discussed. Method Since 1978, the ASD has consistently been implanted either at the time of primary shunt insertion (66 neonates, mean follow-up 11 years) or during revisions of preexisting shunts (54 chil…

PROSAIKA: A prospective multicenter registry with the first programmable gravitational device for hydrocephalus shunting

2015

Abstract Objective Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) overdrainage is a major problem in shunt therapy for hydrocephalus. The adjustable gravitational valve proSA allows for the first time a targeted compensation for overdrainage in the upright position without interfering with the differential pressure valve. To evaluate benefit, safety and reliability, the multicenter prospective registry PROSAIKA was conducted in 10 German neurosurgical centers. Methods Between March 2009 and July 2010, 120 hydrocephalic patients undergoing first time shunt implantation or shunt revision using proSA entered the study. 93 patients completed the 12 months follow-up. Results Hydrocephalus symptoms were improved in 8…

Endoscopic and endoscope-assisted neurosurgical treatment of suprasellar arachnoidal cysts (Mickey Mouse cysts).

2005

Suprasellar arachnoid cysts represent less than 10% of all intracranial arachnoid cysts. Some of them may be quiescent throughout life, some may become symptomatic as they become enlarged and some disappear spontaneously. In this study we discuss the surgical strategies for endoscopic and endoscope-assisted treatment of suprasellar (Mickey Mouse) cysts and analyze the clinical results and experience collected over some years in our department upon doing these operations routinely. Between December 1996 and December 2003, 13 patients (7 female and 6 male patients), mean age 29 years, underwent endoscopic or endoscope-assisted procedures for suprasellar cysts at our department. The indication…

Intracranial pressure and pressure volume relation in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)

1978

The development of the intracranial pressure after a subarachnoid haemorrhage was evaluated in 21 patients. A statistically significant relation between the intracranial pressure and the neurological findings was found, whereas vasospasms did not influence the intracranial pressure. In patients in a clinically critical condition, rhythmic pressure waves of a frequency of 1/minute were repeatedly observed.

RUPTURE OF AN AORTIC DISSECTION INTO THE RIGHT ATRIUM IN A PATIENT WITH PREVIOUS AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT: A CASE REPORT

2005

We report the case of a 73-year-old man with a history of previous aortic valve replacement in 1990 and rupture of an aortic dissection into the right atrium. The patient was admitted to the emergency room because of chest pain, stopped not long after. The electrocardiogram did not show any signs of ischemia and myocardial enzymes were not increased. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed aortic root dilation (maximum diameter 60 mm) extended to the aortic arch, and the presence of a flow from the ascending aorta to the right atrium (evocative of a fistula between the two chambers). The aortic valvular prosthesis function was good. Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed an aorta-right …

Frame-based and frameless endoscopic procedures in the third ventricle.

1997

Stereotactic guidance is useful for planning an accurate trajectory to the third ventricle. A guiding block with a ball joint was developed for frame-based endoscopy and adaptors for arm-based and armless navigation systems. Between 1992 and 1996, 52 patients were operated on endoscopically in the third ventricle under stereotactic guidance. Thirty-eight ventriculostomies, 13 biopsies and 10 cystic lesions were performed. The coordinates of two points were calculated; one in the foramen of Monro and the second in the third ventricle. The ventriculostomy was performed under endoscopic control bluntly with a Fogarty catheter in front of the basilar artery. Twenty-seven (71%) of the patients h…

CSF shunt infections in children

1993

The incidence of shunt infections and possible risk factors was investigated by chart analysis. From 1986 to 1989 350 shunt procedures were performed including 273 ventriculoperitoneal shunts and 75 ventriculoatrial shunts. Twenty-eight infectious episodes (8%) occurred in 25 patients during a median follow-up time of 20 months. For 204 patients the follow-up time could be prolonged until September 1992. In these patients no infectious episodes occurred in the extended observation period. In 24 cases (85.7%) a causative organism could be isolated. The infecting organisms were gram-positive cocci in 22 cases (78.6%) and gram-negative bacilli in two cases. The main signs and symptoms were fev…

Antibiotic single-dose prophylaxis of shunt infections.

1989

Shunt infections after implantation or revision of a shunt for CSF drainage in hydrocephalic patients are serious complications. In view of their frequency, this study investigated the efficacy of prophylactic administration of a single dose of the antibiotic cefazedone in reducing in the post-operative infection rate. Fifty children of up to 14 years of age suffering from hydrocephalus of various etiologies were treated prophylactically and compared with a similar untreated group. The diagnosis of infection was based mainly on microbiological and clinical observations and investigations. Classical infection parameters were also recorded and evaluated, but played only a secondary role in es…