Search results for "Signaling pathway"
showing 4 items of 284 documents
OP0309 Intestinal sclerostin/serotonin axis is modulated by dysbiosis and regulates ilc3 expansion in as patients
2017
Background Sclerostin is an osteocyte-specific factor that binds to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway and possibly contributing to the pathogenesis of Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Subclinical gut inflammation observed in AS patients is characterized by the presence of dysbiosis and innate immune alterations. In the gut, LRP5 activation by unknown ligands inhibits serotonin production. Serotonin, by inducing glial derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), controls ILC3 expansion, in the context of glial–ILC3–epithelial cell unit (GIECU). Sclerostin/serotonin axis has been never studied in AS. Objectives Aim of this study was to evaluate …
Targeting GSK3 and Associated Signaling Pathways Involved in Cancer
2020
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine (S/T) protein kinase. Although GSK-3 originally was identified to have functions in regulation of glycogen synthase, it was subsequently determined to have roles in multiple normal biochemical processes as well as various disease conditions. GSK-3 is sometimes referred to as a moonlighting protein due to the multiple substrates and processes which it controls. Frequently, when GSK-3 phosphorylates proteins, they are targeted for degradation. GSK-3 is often considered a component of the PI3K/PTEN/AKT/GSK-3/mTORC1 pathway as GSK-3 is frequently phosphorylated by AKT which regulates its inactivation. AKT is often active in human cancer a…
Physiological and Molecular Adaptations to Strength Training
2019
High muscle contraction forces that lead to gains in muscle function, size, and strength characterize resistance exercise training. The purpose of this chapter is to outline the adaptations in myofiber size and metabolism that occur by stimuli of hormones and local growth factors, mechanical and metabolic stress of muscle tissue, and myofibrillar disruptions induced by a resistance exercise bout. The chapter will highlight the network of intracellular pathways (including mTOR signaling) that ultimately lead to increases in gene expression and protein synthesis. Accumulation of acute exercise responses by systematic training over time modulate the muscle proteome that can be observed as chan…
Large-scale genotyping identifies 41 new loci associated with breast cancer risk
2013
Journal article Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Common variants at 27 loci have been identified as associated with susceptibility to breast cancer, and these account for ~9% of the familial risk of the disease. We report here a meta-analysis of 9 genome-wide association studies, including 10,052 breast cancer cases and 12,575 controls of European ancestry, from which we selected 29,807 SNPs for further genotyping. These SNPs were genotyped in 45,290 cases and 41,880 controls of European ancestry from 41 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). The SNPs were genotyped as part of a collaborative genotyping experiment involving four consortia (Collaborat…