Search results for "Silage"

Silage of Prickly Pears (Opuntia spp.) Juice By-Products

2020

Simple Summary The cactus pear plant is a Cactaceae which originates from the Americas and is highly resistant to arid and hot environments. The plant is used as animal feedstuff in regions characterized by a lack of nutrient resources. In Italy, the fruits are known as prickly pears are usually eaten fresh by humans, and more recently have also started to be transformed into fruit juice. Various by-products (i.e., peel, pulp, and seeds) derived from the extraction of fruit juice are used for livestock feed due to their high amounts of fermentable structural carbohydrates. However, some of these by-products are difficult to conserve due to their high fermentability. The aim of the present s…

Effect of macro and micro nutrients addition during anaerobic mono-digestion of grass silage in leach-bed reactors

2019

The effect of macro- (NH4Cl) (set I) and micro-nutrients (Fe, Ni, Co and Mo) (set II) addition on chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilisation during anaerobic mono-digestion of grass silage was investigated in two sets of leach bed reactor experiments at 35°C. Results showed that addition of NH4Cl and micro-nutrients improved COD solubilisation by 18% (0.56 g SCOD g−1 volatile solids) and 7% (0.45 g SCOD g−1 VS), respectively than control. About 20–50% of the added micro-nutrients were bioavailable in the produced leachates, while the rest (50–80%) were adsorbed onto the grass silage. Results of biological methane potential assays showed that, specific methane yields of grass silage were im…

Methane and hydrogen production from crop biomass through anaerobic digestion

2011

Alternative feed resources and their effects on the quality of meat and milk from small ruminants

2008

The present paper reviews the quality of meat and milk from sheep and goats offered alternative feeds as a replacement for concentrates. Legume seeds and pods, shrubs, local agro-industrial by-products or novel pasture species are cheap and widely available in Mediterranean countries and are suitable for sheep and goat nutrition. Many of these alternative feed resources (AFR) contain secondary compounds, such as tannins. Tannin-containing feeds result in meat of a lighter colour and tend to increase milk yield and protein content, probably because they protect dietary proteins from ruminal degradation. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in kid meat can be increased by feeding animals ch…

Biogas production from ensiled maize with and without hydrothermal pretreatment

2010

Energy crops are suitable substrates for anaerobic digestion. In the future their use will probably increase, and among other things optimum storage and pretreatment technologies should be developed. In this study eight maize silage varieties grown in Piikkiö, Southern Finland were used as substrates in anaerobic digestion. Also hydrothermal pretreatment was used to improve the biogas yield. Composition of the maize silage and the pretreated maize silage were analyzed and inhibitors were analyzed from the pretreated maize silage. The maize silages produce methane as much as fresh maizes in previous studies, when losses during the ensiling are taking into account and even 25-50 % more when l…

Energy efficient model for biogas production in farm scale

2011

Energy efficient solutions for six farm biogas production was found by calculating mass and energy balance in different scenarios. Raw materials in biogas production were cow manure and grass silage that were produced in these farms. There were calculated mass and energy balances on average for one year biogas prouduction that consisted of grass silage production, raw material transportation and biogas production in the biogas plant. In addition, direct greenhouse gases from biogas production were estimated. The direct mass and energy flows were calculated. It turned out that one input energy unit can produce 5.0 to 5.5 energy units as heat and electricity. Biogas reactor consumed heat from…