Search results for "Sima"
showing 10 items of 248 documents
UNESCO’s cinematic multiverse and the best of all possible worlds
2020
Correlation Functions and Finite–Size Effects in Granular Media
2014
A model is considered, where the local order parameter is an n–component vector. This model allows us to calculate correlation functions, describing the correlations between local order parameter at different spatial coordinates. The longitudinal and transverse Fourier–transformed two–point correlation functions \(G_{\parallel }(\mathbf{k})\) and \(G_{\perp }(\mathbf{k})\) in presence of an external field h are considered in some detail. In the thermodynamic limit, these correlation functions exhibit the so-called Goldstone mode singularities below certain critical temperature at an infinitesimal external field \(h = +0\). The actual model can be applied to granular media, in which case it …
Dynamics of a two-state system through a real level crossing
2015
The dynamics of a two-state system whose energies undergo a real crossing at some instant of time is studied. At this instant, both the coupling and the detuning vanish simultaneously, which leads to an exact degeneracy of the eigenenergies of the system. It is found that the dynamics of the system is primarily determined by the manner in which the degeneracy occurs. This interesting behavior is reminiscent of a symmetry breaking process, since the totally symmetric situation occurring at the crossing is significantly altered by infinitesimal quantities, which remove the degeneracy, with very important dynamical implications from there on. A very simple analytical formula is derived, which …
On Riemann’s Ideas on Space and Schwinger’s Treatment of Low-Energy Pion-Nucleon Physics
2020
We begin with a demonstration of how great an influence Riemann’s habilitation essay had on the development of field theory. His ideas about the origin of physical space and the importance of a metric field were clearly outlined as early as 1854, and praised highly by the old C.F. Gauss, who died 1 year later. There is but one formula in Riemann’s article. This formula and its relevance will be explained at the beginning of the present chapter. The basic principle which is omnipresent in Riemann’s entire work is to understand the physical behavior of nature from its smallness. Hence partial differential equations stand at the beginning of any field theory. In our case, it is not the metric …
From R_AA via correlations to jets - the long road to tomography
2009
The main motivation to investigate hard probes in heavy ion collisions is to do tomography, i.e. to infer medium properties from the in-medium modification of hard processes. Yet while the suppression of high P_T hadrons has been measured for some time, solid tomographic information is slow to emerge. This can be traced back to theoretical uncertainties and ambiguities in modelling both medium evolution and parton-medium interaction. Ways to overcome these difficulties are to constrain models better and to focus on more differential observables. Correlations of high P_T hadrons offer non-trivial information beyond what can be deduced from single hadron suppression. They reflect not only the…
NON-LINEAR MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL PHENOMENA IN PIEZOELECTRIC CRYSTALS
2003
Mechanical, electrical and thermal phenomena occurring in piezoelectric crystals were examined by non-linear approximation. For this purpose, use was made of the thermodynamic function of state, which describes an anisotropic body. Considered was the Gibbs function. The calculations included strain tensor εij = f(σkl , En, T), induction vector Dm = f(σkl , En, T) and entropy S = f(σkl , En, T) as function of stress σkl , field strength En and temperature difference T. The equations obtained apply to anisotropic piezoelectric bodies provided that the “forces” σkl , En, T acting on the crystal are known. Механічні, електричні та термічні явища у п’єзоелектричних кристалах вивчаються у неліній…
Correlation between the spatial distribution of the circumstellar disks and the massive stars in the open cluster NGC 6611. Compiled catalog and clus…
2006
Context: the observation of young stars with circumstellar disks suggests that the disks are dissipated, starting from the inner region, by the radiation of the central star and eventually by the formation of rocky planetesimals, over a time scale of several million years. It was also shown that strong UV radiation emitted by nearby massive stars can heat a circumstellar disk up to some thousand degrees, inducing the photoevaporation of the gas. This process strongly reduces the dissipation time scale. Aims: we study whether there exists a correlation between the spatial distribution of stars with circumstellar disks and the position of massive stars with spectral class earlier than B5, in …
Calculation of local pressure tensors in systems with many-body interactions
2005
Local pressures are important in the calculation of interface tensions and in analyzing micromechanical behavior. The calculation of local pressures in computer simulations has been limited to systems with pairwise interactions between the particles, which is not sufficient for chemically detailed systems with many-body potentials such as angles and torsions. We introduce a method to calculate local pressures in systems with n-body interactions (n=2,3,4,) based on a micromechanical definition of the pressure tensor. The local pressure consists of a kinetic contribution from the linear momentum of the particles and an internal contribution from dissected many-body interactions by infinitesim…
Variation of extent of reaction in closed chemical equilibrium when changing the temperature at constant volume
2011
In this paper it is presented a thermodynamic analysis that aims to find the mathematical expression of the variation of extent of reaction with the infinitesimal variation in the temperature at constant volume of a chemical equilibrium mixture. The goal of this paper is to establish an alternative approach to avoid both the Le Chatelier's principle and the problems that emerge when trying to apply its qualitative statements. This attempt is based on the laws of thermodynamics.
Left-Right Equivalence and Stability
2020
We introduce the key equivalence relations on germs of maps, which play an important role throughout the book—right-equivalence and left-right equivalence (A-equivalence). These are induced by groups of diffeomorphisms, so equivalence classes have tangent spaces, and we calculate many examples, including some multi-germs. We introduce the notions of stability and finite determinacy, and prove Mather’s infinitesimal criterion for stability.