Search results for "Single"

showing 10 items of 4920 documents

Time-energy filtering of single electrons in ballistic waveguides

2019

Characterizing distinct electron wave packets is a basic task for solid-state electron quantum optics with applications in quantum metrology and sensing. A important circuit element for this task is a non-stationary potential barrier than enables backscattering of chiral particles depending on their energy and time of arrival. Here we solve the quantum mechanical problem of single-particle scattering by a ballistic constriction in an fully depleted quantum Hall system under spatially uniform but time-dependent electrostatic potential modulation. The result describes electrons distributed in time-energy space according to a modified Wigner quasiprobability distribution and scattered with an …

PhysicsQuantum opticsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsWigner quasiprobability distributionWave packet500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 PhysikGeneral Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesElectronQuantum tomographyQuantum Hall effect01 natural sciences530010305 fluids & plasmasComputational physicsquantum state tomography0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)time-dependent scatteringQuantum metrologyWigner distribution functionelectron quantum optics010306 general physicssingle-electron devices
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Further Comments on a Vanishing Singlet Axial Vector Charge

1998

The recent suggestion of a vanishing flavor-singlet axial charge of nucleon due to a nontrivial vacuum structure is further amplified. A perturbative QCD discussion, applicable for the heavy quark contributions, relates it to the physics of the decoupling theorem. It is also shown that $g_{A}^{0}\simeq 0$ leads to a negative $\eta'$-meson-quark coupling, which has been found to be compatible with the chiral quark model phenomenology.

PhysicsQuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsHigh Energy Physics::LatticeQuark modelNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyPerturbative QCDFísicaAstronomy and AstrophysicsDecoupling (cosmology)High Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics::ExperimentSinglet stateNucleonNuclear ExperimentPhenomenology (particle physics)Pseudovector
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Quark-mass dependence of baryon resonances

2004

We study the quark-mass dependence of J^P = \frac12^- s-wave and J^P = \frac32^- d-wave baryon resonances. Parameter-free results are obtained in terms of the leading order chiral Lagrangian. In the 'heavy' SU(3) limit with m_\pi =m_K \simeq 500 MeV the s-wave resonances turn into bound states forming two octets plus a singlet representations of the SU(3) group. Similarly the d-wave resonances turn into bound states forming an octet and a decuplet in this limit. A contrasted result is obtained in the 'light' SU(3) limit with m_\pi =m_K \simeq 140 MeV for which no resonances exist.

PhysicsQuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsOctetNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::LatticeNuclear TheoryHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesFísicaBaryonNuclear Theory (nucl-th)Turn (geometry)Bound stateOrder (group theory)Limit (mathematics)Singlet state
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Finite Size Effects on the Optical Transitions in Quantum Rings under a Magnetic Field

2006

We present a theoretical study of the energy spectrum of single electron and hole states in quantum dots of annular geometry under a high magnetic field along the ring axis in the frame of uncorrelated electron-hole theory. We predict the periodic disappearance of the optical emission of the electron-hole pair as the magnetic field increases, as a consequence of the finite height of the barriers. The model has been applied to semiconductor rings of various internal and external radii, giving as limiting cases the disk and antidot.

PhysicsRing (mathematics)Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsbusiness.industryMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter PhysicsUncorrelatedElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic fieldSingle electronSemiconductorQuantum dotEnergy spectrumMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)businessQuantum
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Validation of the Monte Carlo Simulation of a Siemens Biograph mCT PET

2016

Geant4 Application for Tomography Emission (GATE) is a simulation platform based on GEANT4. It is designed to perform numerical simulations in medical imaging and radiotherapy. It is also used to simulate Emission Tomography (Positron Emission Tomography, PET and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, SPECT), Computed Tomography (CT) and Radiotherapy experiments. The purpose of this study is to validate a GATE model of the commercial PET/CT Siemens Biograph, the latest acquisition of the Clinical Hospital of Salamanca. The geometry of the system has been implemented in GATE, including the detector ring, the crystal blocks, the PMTs etc. Radionuclides for all measurements shall be \(^{1…

PhysicsScannermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodDetectorIterative reconstructionSingle-photon emission computed tomographyOpticsPositron emission tomographyMedical imagingmedicineTomographybusiness
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J-File Sum Rule Tests for the 3s-3p Transition Array in Singly Ionized Nitrogen - Comparison of Measured and Calculated Data

2005

1. IntroductionIn recent years quite a large number of transition probabilities of spectrallines of light elements have been determined including data for singly ionizednitrogen [1{7]. Some of these experimental as well as theoretical studies providealso data for a few triplet{singlet intersystem transitions, being very interestinge.g. from astrophysical point of view. The energy level system of NII has adistinguished feature compared to the neighboring two members of the carbonisoelectronic sequence (CI, OIII) | the energy difierence between the excitedterms 3

PhysicsSequenceCalculated datachemistryIonizationGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementSinglet stateSum rule in quantum mechanicsAtomic physicsNitrogenEnergy (signal processing)Acta Physica Polonica A
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Diindenoanthracene Diradicaloids Enable Rational, Incremental Tuning of Their Singlet-Triplet Energy Gaps

2020

Summary A fundamental understanding of the inherent electronic and magnetic properties of open-shell diradicaloids is essential so that these properties can be modified to create molecules that meet the potential needs of industry. However, there have been very few attempts to date to systematically accomplish this in diradicaloid compounds. Here, we present the synthetic, spectroscopic, and computational investigation of a series of molecules based on the diindeno[1,2-b:1′,2′-g]anthracene framework. Calculations suggest that by altering the transfer integral term, tab, we are able to manipulate the diradical character and, thus, ΔEST within this series of molecules. Experimentally determin…

PhysicsSeries (mathematics)DiradicalMagnetometerGeneral Chemical EngineeringBiochemistry (medical)02 engineering and technologyGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionSQUIDChemical physicslawMaterials ChemistryEnvironmental ChemistryMoleculeSinglet state0210 nano-technologyEnergy (signal processing)Chem
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gFactor of HydrogenlikeSi13+28

2011

We determined the experimental value of the $g$ factor of the electron bound in hydrogenlike $^{28}\mathrm{Si}^{13+}$ by using a single ion confined in a cylindrical Penning trap. From the ratio of the ion's cyclotron frequency and the induced spin flip frequency, we obtain $g=1.995\text{ }348\text{ }958\text{ }7(5)(3)(8)$. It is in excellent agreement with the state-of-the-art theoretical value of 1.995 348 958 0(17), which includes QED contributions up to the two-loop level of the order of $(Z\ensuremath{\alpha}{)}^{2}$ and $(Z\ensuremath{\alpha}{)}^{4}$ and represents a stringent test of bound-state quantum electrodynamics calculations.

PhysicsSingle ionlawg factorCyclotronGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrder (ring theory)Spin-flipElectronAtomic physicsPenning trapIonlaw.inventionPhysical Review Letters
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First coincidences in pre-clinical Compton camera prototype for medical imaging

2003

Abstract Compton collimated imaging may improve the detection of gamma rays emitted by radioisotopes used in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). We present a crude prototype consisting of a single 500 μm thick, 256 pad silicon detector with pad size of 1.4×1.4 mm 2 , combined with a 15×15×1 cm 3 NaI scintillator crystal coupled to a set of 20 photo multipliers. Emphasis is placed on the performance of the silicon detector and the associated read-out electronics, which has so far proved to be the most challenging part of the set-up. Results were obtained using the VATAGP3, 128 channel low-noise self-triggering ASIC as the silicon detector's front-end. The noise distribution (…

PhysicsSingle photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonbusiness.industryPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGamma rayCompton scatteringScintillatorCollimated lightFull width at half maximum87.58.Ce; 29.40.GxOpticsSilicon pad detectorsCoincidentTracking and position-sensitive detectorsMedical imaging[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]businessInstrumentationNoise (radio)Compton camera
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Singlet ground state magnetism: III. magnetic excitons in antiferromagnetic TbP

1981

The dispersion of the lowest magnetic excitations of the singlet ground state system TbP has been studied in the antiferromagnetic phase by inelastic neutron scattering. The magnetic exchange interaction and the magnetic and the rhombohedral molecular fields have been determined.

PhysicsSinglet ground stateCondensed matter physicsMagnetismPhase (matter)ExcitonAntiferromagnetismCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsCondensed Matter PhysicsDispersion (chemistry)Inelastic neutron scatteringElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMagnetic exchange
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