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showing 10 items of 4920 documents

Probing the Conformational States of a pH-Sensitive DNA Origami Zipper via Label-Free Electrochemical Methods

2021

Funding Information: Financial support from EPSRC DTP (grant EP/R513349/1), the Emil Aaltonen Foundation, the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, and the Vilho, Yrjö and Kalle Väisälä Foundation of the Finnish Academy of Science and Letters is gratefully acknowledged. This work was carried out under the Academy of Finland Centers of Excellence Programme (2014–2019). We acknowledge the provision of facilities and technical support by Aalto University Bioeconomy Facilities and OtaNano—Nanomicroscopy Center (Aalto-NMC) and Micronova Nanofabrication Center. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society DNA origami structures represe…

ZipperHoogsteen base pairIntercalation (chemistry)DNA Single-Stranded02 engineering and technologyBiosensing Techniques010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceskultaArticlechemistry.chemical_compoundnanorakenteetTA164ElectrochemistryDNA origamiGeneral Materials ScienceA-DNASpectroscopynanobiotekniikkaSurfaces and InterfacesDNAElectrochemical TechniquesHydrogen-Ion Concentration021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsCombinatorial chemistrysähkökemia0104 chemical sciencesDielectric spectroscopychemistryDifferential pulse voltammetryGold0210 nano-technologyadsorptioDNA
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Internally Contracted Multireference Coupled Cluster Calculations with a Spin-Free Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian: Application to the Monoxides of Titaniu…

2017

We combine internally contracted multireference coupled cluster theory with a four-component treatment of scalar-relativistic effects based on the spin-free Dirac–Coulomb Hamiltonian. This strategy allows for a rigorous treatment of static and dynamic correlation as well as scalar-relativistic effects, which makes it viable to describe molecules containing heavy transition elements. The use of a spin-free formalism limits the impact of the four-component treatment on the computational cost to the non-rate-determining steps of the calculations. We apply the newly developed method to the lowest singlet and triplet states of the monoxides of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium and show how the in…

Zirconium010304 chemical physicsElectronic correlationComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; Physical and Theoretical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionElectronic structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsHafniumsymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterchemistry0103 physical sciencessymbolsSinglet statePhysics::Chemical PhysicsAtomic physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRelativistic quantum chemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Region-based segmentation on depth images from a 3D reference surface for tree species recognition.

2013

International audience; The aim of the work presented in this paper is to develop a method for the automatic identification of tree species using Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (T-LiDAR) data. The approach that we propose analyses depth images built from 3D point clouds corresponding to a 30 cm segment of the tree trunk in order to extract characteristic shape features used for classifying the different tree species using the Random Forest classifier. We will present the method used to transform the 3D point cloud to a depth image and the region based segmentation method used to segment the depth images before shape features are computed on the segmented images. Our approach has be…

[ INFO.INFO-TS ] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingComputer science[INFO.INFO-TS] Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image ProcessingFeature extractionPoint cloudComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONScale-space segmentation[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing02 engineering and technology[ INFO.INFO-CV ] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV][INFO.INFO-CV] Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]Minimum spanning tree-based segmentation[STAT.AP] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP][INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSegmentationComputer vision[SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP]Contextual image classificationbusiness.industry[ STAT.AP ] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP][INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV]020207 software engineeringPattern recognitionImage segmentation15. Life on landdepth image segmentationRandom forestdepth images from 3D point cloudsIEEE[INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV][INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]020201 artificial intelligence & image processingsingle tree species recognitionArtificial intelligenceRange segmentationbusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingForest inventory
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Manufacturing and characterization of single cell intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells for APU in transportation application

2014

The fabrications of large area IT-SOFC planar cell by new simple and cost effective process were explained. The optimization of the new process with respect to pore formers, thickness of layers, sintering temperature were performed. The electrochemical results of 10cm2 performed in Fiaxell open flange set up were detailed with respect to different configuration. Long term ageing performance tests of single cells were conducted in Fiaxell device and results are discussed. Preparation of new test bench and stacking process performed till now were briefed.

[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]CosinteringIT-SOFCTest benchLong term ageing performanceSingle step cell preparation[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]StackTape castingAnode Functional Layer[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
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Titan's 3-micron spectral region from ISO high-resolution spectroscopy

2006

Abstract The near-infrared spectrum of Titan, Saturn's largest moon and one of the Cassini/Huygens' space mission primary targets, covers the 0.8 to 5 micron region in which it shows several weak CH 4 absorption regions, and in particular one centered near 2.75 micron. Due to the interference of telluric absorption, only part of this window region (2.9–3.1 μm) has previously been observed from the ground [Noll, K.S., Geballe, T.R., Knacke, R., Pendleton, F., Yvonne, J., 1996. Icarus 124, 625–631; Griffith, C.A., Owen, T., Miller, G.A., Geballe, T., 1998. Nature 395, 575–578; Griffith, C.A., Owen, T., Geballe, T.R., Rayner, J., Rannou, P., 2003. Science 300, 628–630; Geballe, T.R., Kim, S.J.…

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]PhysicsSolar SystemHaze010304 chemical physicsInfraredSingle-scattering albedoAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsTholin01 natural sciences7. Clean energysymbols.namesake[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary SciencePlanet0103 physical sciencessymbolsMixing ratioTitan (rocket family)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsIcarus
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Titan's surface and atmosphere from Cassini/VIMS data with updated methane opacity

2013

International audience; We present an analysis of Titan data acquired by the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS), making use of recent improvements in methane spectroscopic parameters in the region 1.3-5.2 μm. We first analyzed VIMS spectra covering a 8 × 10-km2 area near the Huygens landing site in order to constrain the single scattering albedo (ω0) of the aerosols over all of the VIMS spectral range. Our aerosol model agrees with that derived from Huygens Probe Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer (DISR) in situ measurements below 1.6 μm. At longer wavelengths, ω0 steadily decreases from 0.92 at 1.6 μm to about 0.70 at 2.5 μm and abruptly drops to about 0.50 near 2.6 μm…

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Haze010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesOpacity[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Single-scattering albedoAstronomy and AstrophysicsTholinAstrophysicsAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesSpectral lineAerosolsymbols.namesake13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary Science0103 physical sciencessymbolsAtmosphere of TitanTitan (rocket family)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsGeology0105 earth and related environmental sciences
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Theoretical principles of near-field optical microscopies and spectroscopies

2000

International audience; This paper deals with the principles of detection of optical signals near a surface in a manner permitting the mapping of the distribution of the fields close to various kinds of illuminated samples. We begin with a discussion of the main physical properties of the optical fields near a surface in the absence of any probe tip. This mainly concerns phenomena involving evanescent waves for which the local decay lengths are governed not only by the sizes but also by the intrinsic properties of the surface structures. The interpretation of the detection process is reviewed on the basis of a discussion about the possibility of establishing direct comparisons between exper…

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]ELECTRODYNAMICSEvanescent wavePOLARIZATIONGeneral Physics and AstronomyNear and far field02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionSCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPESINGLE MOLECULESsymbols.namesakeOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesSCATTERINGPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFLUORESCENCE010306 general physicsPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]SURFACE-STRUCTURESLocal density of statesLIGHT CONFINEMENT[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]SELF-CONSISTENTbusiness.industryScattering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPolarization (waves)Maxwell's equationsRESOLUTIONsymbolsNear-field scanning optical microscopeScanning tunneling microscope0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Shallow water rogue waves in nonlinear optical fibers

2013

The dynamics of extreme waves, often known as freak or rogue waves (RW), is presently a subject of intensive research. In oceanography, RW are mostly known as a sudden deep-water event which is responsible for ship wreakages and can be modeled by the 1D Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (NLSE). In this framework, an ideal testbed is provided by optical pulse propagation in nonlinear optical fibers: extreme solitary wave emissions during supercontinuum generation or the first experimental observation of the Peregrine solitons have indeed been carried out exploiting the modulation instability occuring in fibers with anomalous dispersion.

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Optical fiberPhysics::Optics01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeZero-dispersion wavelengthlaw0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)14. Life underwaterRogue wave010306 general physicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsNonlinear Schrödinger equationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Single-mode optical fiberComputational physicsSupercontinuumClassical mechanics13. Climate actionsymbolsPeregrine soliton
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Spatio-temporal beam dynamics in multimode nonlinear optical fibers

2017

We overview recent advances in the spatio-temporal nonlinear dynamics of optical pulses propagating in multimode optical fibers. The Kerr effect leads to spatial beam self-cleaning in a graded-index multimode optical fiber, followed by sideband series generation spanning multiple octaves. Effectively single mode supercontinuum spanning from the visible to the mid-infrared was also demonstrated. Enhancement of Kerr beam self-cleaning was observed in active fiber with quasi-step index profile. Moreover, mutual self-cleaning was recently reported for both the fundamental and the second harmonic beams in optically poled multimode fibers with cubic and quadratic nonlinearity.

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiberOptical fiberbusiness.industrySingle-mode optical fiberPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technologyMicrostructured optical fiber021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSupercontinuumlaw.invention010309 opticsZero-dispersion wavelengthOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsModal dispersion0210 nano-technologybusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhotonic-crystal fiber2017 19th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)
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Nonlinear spatial self-cleaning in multimode amplifying fiber and fiber laser cavity

2017

During the last years, multimode fibers (MMFs) were used as an experimental platform for the observation of complex nonlinear propagation phenomena, thanks to their additional spatiotemporal degrees of freedom with respect to single mode fibers. Multimode solitons [1], geometric parametric instability [2], self-induced beam cleaning (SBC) [3] and supercontinuum generation have been reported [4]. In all of these situations considered so far the MMFs were standard graded-index fibers: the intermodal interactions took place in a conservative system (propagation losses were negligible). In this work we have experimentally investigated the Kerr SBC in three dissipative systems: a MMF with signif…

[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiberbusiness.industrySingle-mode optical fiberPhysics::OpticsLaser01 natural sciencesSupercontinuumlaw.invention010309 opticsNonlinear systemOpticslawFiber laser0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsFiber010306 general physicsbusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSBeam (structure)
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