Search results for "Slop"
showing 10 items of 157 documents
Selective incorporation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during sea ice formation
2013
This study investigated the incorporation of DOM from seawater into >2 day-old sea ice in tanks filled with seawater alone or amended with DOM extracted from the microalga, Chlorella vulgaris. Optical properties, including chromophoric DOM (CDOM) absorption and fluorescence, as well as concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), dissolved carbohydrates (dCHOs) and dissolved uronic acids (dUAs) were measured. Enrichment factors (EFs), calculated from salinity-normalized concentrations of DOM in bulk ice, brine and frost flowers relative to under-ice water, were generally >1. The enrichment factors varied for different DOM fractions: EFs were the lowest fo…
Spatio-temporal dynamics of density-dependent dispersal during a population colonisation
2019
Predicting population colonisations requires understanding how spatio‐temporal changes in density affect dispersal. Density can inform on fitness prospects, acting as a cue for either habitat quality, or competition over resources. However, when escaping competition, high local density should only increase emigration if lower‐density patches are available elsewhere. Few empirical studies on dispersal have considered the effects of density at the local and landscape scale simultaneously. To explore this, we analyze 5 years of individual‐based data from an experimental introduction of wild guppies Poecilia reticulata. Natal dispersal showed a decrease in local density dependence as density at…
Two-Dimensional Numerical Modelling of a Moored Floating Body under Sloping Seabed Conditions
2020
A coupled floating body-mooring line model is developed by combining a boundary element model for a two-dimensional floating body and a catenary mooring line model. The boundary element model is formulated in the time domain by a continuous Rankine source, and a reflection potential is introduced to account for the wave reflection due to sloping seabed. This newly developed model is validated by comparisons against available data. Then, dynamic response analyses are performed for the moored body in various seabed conditions. Compared with a flat seabed, a sloping seabed causes unsymmetrical mooring line configuration and generates noticeable effects in the motion responses of the floating b…
Modelling Rainfall-induced Shallow Landslides at Different Scales Using SLIP - Part II
2016
Abstract This paper (Part II) is companion of another one published in this Conference (Part I). Both the papers describe the approach followed in the application of the SLIP model at different scales to foresee the triggering mechanism of rainfall-induced shallow landslides. In particular, this paper (Part II) focuses on the modeling at medium and large scale (regional and national level). The possibility of using the same means to model the phenomenon from the scale of the representative elementary volume (i.e. flume laboratory tests) to the medium and large scale (hundreds or thousands square kilometers wide areas) allowed from the one hand to strengthen the model assumptions and on the …
Analytical solution of kinematic wave time of concentration for overland flow under green-ampt infiltration
2015
In this paper the well-known kinematic wave equation for computing the time of concentration for impervious surfaces has been extended to the case of pervious hillslopes, accounting for infiltration. An analytical solution for the time of concentration for overland flow on a rectangular plane surface is derived using the kinematic wave equation under the Green-Ampt infiltration. The relative time of concentration is defined as the ratio between the time of concentration of an infiltrating plane and the soil sorptivity time scale, depending on the normalized rainfall intensity and a parameter synthesizing the soil and hillslope characteristics. It is shown that for a more complex case (corre…
A comprehensive characterization of ice nucleation by three different types of cellulose particles immersed in water: lessons learned and future rese…
2018
We present the laboratory results of immersion freezing efficiencies of cellulose particles at supercooled temperature (T) conditions. Three types of chemically homogeneous cellulose samples are used as surrogates that represent supermicron and submicron ice nucleating plant structural polymers. These samples include micro-crystalline cellulose (MCC), fibrous cellulose (FC) and nano-crystalline cellulose (NCC). Our experimental data show that particles resembling the MCC lab particle occur also in the atmosphere. Our immersion freezing dataset includes data from various ice nucleation measurement techniques available at seventeen different institutions, including nine dry dispersion and ele…
A Slippery Slope: Estimated Slant of Hills Increases with Distance
2014
The slopes of hills tend to be greatly overestimated. Previous studies have found that slope estimates are significantly greater when estimated verbally than with a proprioceptive measure. It has yet to be determined whether these estimates are made for the entire extent of the slope, or whether the estimates in closest proximity are estimated using a different process. Since some parietal cortex neurons respond differently to objects within arm's reach, short-distance slope estimation may utilize these or analogous neurons. Alternatively, greater implied effort might make longer slopes seem steeper. We determined that both verbal and proprioceptive reports of slope are overestimates that …
Morphology-based measurement of activation time in human atrial fibrillation
2003
The measurement of the activation time is crucial to allow the correct automatic analysis and classification of intracardiac electrograms recorded in the human atria during atrial fibrillation (AF). This study proposes a method which accounts for the morphology of bipolar signals. After ventricular artifact removal and activation wave recognition, the fiducial point of the activation wave was set at its local barycentre (LB). The method was tested on a set of 30 AF bipolar recordings of increasing complexity class; its performance was compared with that of the traditional methods of maximum peak (MP) or maximum slope (MS) estimation, taking the manual measurements performed by an expert car…
The SESAMO early warning system for rainfall-triggered landslides
2016
The development of Web-based information systems coupled with advanced monitoring systems could prove to be extremely useful in landslide risk management and mitigation. A new frontier in the field of rainfall-triggered landslides (RTLs) lies in the real-time modelling of the relationship between rainfall and slope stability; this requires an intensive monitoring of some key parameters that could be achieved through the use of modern and often low-cost technologies. This work describes an integrated information system for early warning of RTLs that has been deployed and tested, in a prototypal form, for an Italian pilot site. The core of the proposed system is a wireless sensor network coll…
Cloud phase identification of Arctic boundary-layer clouds from airborne spectral reflection measurements: test of three approaches
2008
Abstract. Arctic boundary-layer clouds were investigated with remote sensing and in situ instruments during the Arctic Study of Tropospheric Aerosol, Clouds and Radiation (ASTAR) campaign in March and April 2007. The clouds formed in a cold air outbreak over the open Greenland Sea. Beside the predominant mixed-phase clouds pure liquid water and ice clouds were observed. Utilizing measurements of solar radiation reflected by the clouds three methods to retrieve the thermodynamic phase of the cloud are introduced and compared. Two ice indices IS and IP were obtained by analyzing the spectral pattern of the cloud top reflectance in the near infrared (1500–1800 nm wavelength) spectral range whi…