Search results for "Smok"
showing 10 items of 769 documents
Garīgās veselības aprūpes pacientu smēķēšanas paradumi klīnikā
2019
Bakalaura darba tēma ir ―Garīgās veselības aprūpes pacientu smēķēšanas paradumi klīnikā‖. Tēmas aktualitāti nosaka fakts, ka balstoties uz Pasaules Veselības organizācijas Eiropas Reģionālā biroja ieteikumiem, Latvijas Veselības ministrija ir noteikusi savas prioritātes laika posmam no 2018. līdz 2020. gadam, kur kā viena no svarīgākajām tiek izvirzīta garīgā veselība, īpašu uzsvaru liekot arī uz veselības veicināšanu un veselīgu dzīvesveidu. Darba mērķis ir analizēt un aprakstīt garīgās veselības aprūpes pacientu smēķēšanas paradumus klīnikā un kā pētījuma uzdevumi noteikti literatūras analīze, pētniecības instrumenta izstrādāšana, pētījuma rezultātu apkopošana un secinājumu un ieteikumu i…
Smoking cessation, anxiety, mood and quality of life: reassuring evidences.
2014
A close and complex relationship between smoking and mental health problems was found. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain these associations: 1) smoking and poor mental health may share common causes (genetic factors or environmental mechanisms); 2) for people with poor mental health smoking is a coping strategy to regulate psychiatric symptoms; 3) smokings worsen mental health. Moreover, smokers with psychiatric disorders may have more difficulty quitting and patients with mental diseases who received mental health treatment within the previous year were more likely to stop smoking than those not receiving treatment. Taylor et al. hypothesized that quitting smoking might im…
Nuorten salibandypelaajien nuuskan käyttö ja siihen yhteydessä olevat tekijät
2017
Suomalaisten nuorten tupakointi on vähentynyt, kun taas nuuskakokeilut ja nuuskan käyttö ovat lisääntyneet. Aiempien tutkimusten mukaan nuuskan käyttö on yleistä myös urheilijoiden keskuudessa. Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin nuorten salibandypelaajien nuuskakokeiluja ja nuuskan käyttöä sekä siihen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä. Tutkimusaineisto kerättiin sähköisellä kyselylomakkeella joulukuun 2016 ja tammikuun 2017 välisellä ajalla. Kyselyyn vastasi 449 pelaajaa (poikia 302, tyttöjä 147, keski-ikä 16,7 vuotta). Aineiston analysoinnissa hyödynnettiin ristiintaulukointeja ja khiin neliö-testiä sekä logistista regressioanalyysia. Salibandya pelaavista 13–20-vuotiaista nuorista 39 prosenttia …
Prenatal air pollution exposure and growth and cardio-metabolic risk in preschoolers
2020
Objectives: We investigated the association between outdoor air pollutants exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy, and growth and cardio-metabolic risk at four years of age, and evaluated the mediating role of birth weight. Methods: We included mother-child pairs (N = 1,724) from the Spanish INMA birth cohort established in 2003-2008. First trimester of pregnancy nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particles (PM2.5) exposure levels were estimated. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and lipids were measured at four years of age. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to four years were identified. Results: Increased PM2.5 exposure in the first trimester of pregnanc…
A common biological basis of obesity and nicotine addiction
2013
Contains fulltext : 128630.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Smoking influences body weight such that smokers weigh less than non-smokers and smoking cessation often leads to weight increase. The relationship between body weight and smoking is partly explained by the effect of nicotine on appetite and metabolism. However, the brain reward system is involved in the control of the intake of both food and tobacco. We evaluated the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting body mass index (BMI) on smoking behavior, and tested the 32 SNPs identified in a meta-analysis for association with two smoking phenotypes, smoking initiation (SI) and the number of cigarettes smoked …
The role of health literacy in the association between academic performance and substance use.
2022
Abstract Background To address social inequalities in adolescent substance use and consequent disparities in health, it is important to identify the mechanisms of the association between substance use and academic performance. We study the role of health literacy (HL) in the association between academic performance and weekly smoking, monthly alcohol use and cannabis ever-use among adolescents in Europe. Methods SILNE-R school survey data, which was collected in 2016–17 with paper-and-pencil-method from Hanover (GE), Amersfoort (NL) and Tampere (FI), were used (N = 5088, age 13–19). Health Literacy for School-aged Children instrument was used to assess students’ HL. Logistic regression anal…
Farmaceitiskās aprūpes papildus pakalpojumi smēkēšanas atmešanai un ar to ieviešanu Latvijā saistīto barjeru identificēšana Latvijas farmaceitu skatī…
2017
Smēķētāju vēlēšanās atmest smēķēšanu ir lielāka, nekā spēja atmest šo kaitīgo ieradumu. Farmaceita loma ir būtiska šajā jautājumā un farmaceits, kā veselības aprūpes speciālists, var ietekmēt smēķētāja lēmumu atmest smēķēšanu kā arī sniegt padomus vieglākai šī procesa norisei. Maģistra darba mērķis ir noskaidrot un analizēt farmaceitu un farmaceitu asistentu viedokli par šāda papildus pakalpojuma ieviešanu Latvijā, kā arī iespējamās barjeras, kas traucētu šāda papildus pakalpojuma ieviešanai. Darbā izmantota anketēšanas metode informācijas iegūšanai par papildpakalpojumu smēķēšanas atmešanai, kur noskaidrots farmaceitu viedoklis par šāda pakalpojuma nepieciešamību Latvijā un iespējamās ievi…
TEMPORAL CHANGES IN RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS/DISEASES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN REAL LIFE
Background: The prevalence of respiratory diseases increased during last centuries and the rapid rise in the prevalence of such diseases cannot be explained by genetic factors. Analyses on general population samples investigated at interval of some years can permit to better comprehend these increases and the associated risk factors, adding new evidences on this important item taking into account the real life setting. Aims: to assess real life temporal changes in respiratory diseases/symptoms (asthma, allergic rhinitis - AR - and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD) and associated risk factors in general population samples investigated during a period of 30 years. Methods: a gener…
Smoking ban in public places and myocardial infarction hospitalizations in a European country with high cardiovascular risk: insights from the Polish…
2019
INTRODUCTION Previous studies demonstrated a possible positive effect of a smoking ban in public places on cardiovascular outcomes. However, little is known about the influence of such regulations in Poland, a country with a high cardiovascular risk. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the association of hospitalization rates for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Poland before and after the introduction of the smoking ban in public places in November 2010. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Nationwide Acute Myocardial Infarction Database (AMI‑PL) was searched for the cases of AMI that occurred between 2009 and 2014. The analysis considered sex, age (20–64 years vs 65 years or older), and the place of …