Search results for "Smoking"

Tobacco use prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, and tobacco cessation training among medical students: results of a pilot study of Global Health Pro…

2011

Aim The aims of this study were to examine tobacco use prevalence, knowledge and attitudes, and tobacco cessation training among students attending Italian medical schools using the Global Health Professions Student Survey approach and to identify possible factors associated with smoking status. Subjects and Methods A multicentre cross-sectional pilot study was carried out in five Italian Schools of Medicine from March to April 2009. Questionnaires were administered in anonymous, voluntary and self-administered form to third year students attending medical schools. The outcome measure was “being a current smoker”. A logistic regression was used to evaluate possible factors associated with s…

EMAS position statement: Predictors of premature and early natural menopause.

2019

Simoncini, Tommaso/0000-0002-2971-0079; Chung, Hsin-Fang/0000-0003-3261-5942; Mishra, Gita/0000-0001-9610-5904 WOS:000468709100014 PubMed ID: 31027683 Introduction: While the associations of genetic, reproductive and environmental factors with the timing of natural menopause have been extensively investigated, few epidemiological studies have specifically examined their association with premature (< 40 years) or early natural menopause (40-45 years). Aim: The aim of this position statement is to provide evidence on the predictors of premature and early natural menopause, as well as recommendations for the management of premature and early menopause and future research. Materials and methods…

The Role of Desire in The Prediction of Intention

2011

This paper is based on the notion that desire represents an important motivational aspect of the decision-making process. Thus, we examined the hypotheses that desire (1) predicts behavioral intentions and (2) mediates the effects of theory of planned behavior (TPB) components and past behavior on an individual’s intention to quit smoking. The analysis is based on three separate conditions in which the intention to quit smoking during the next 1, 4, or 6 months, respectively, was measured; the three conditions contained identical variables. The results of the hierarchical regression analysis show that there are sufficient grounds for including desire as an additional predictor in the TPB m…

Garīgās veselības aprūpes pacientu smēķēšanas paradumi klīnikā

2019

Bakalaura darba tēma ir ―Garīgās veselības aprūpes pacientu smēķēšanas paradumi klīnikā‖. Tēmas aktualitāti nosaka fakts, ka balstoties uz Pasaules Veselības organizācijas Eiropas Reģionālā biroja ieteikumiem, Latvijas Veselības ministrija ir noteikusi savas prioritātes laika posmam no 2018. līdz 2020. gadam, kur kā viena no svarīgākajām tiek izvirzīta garīgā veselība, īpašu uzsvaru liekot arī uz veselības veicināšanu un veselīgu dzīvesveidu. Darba mērķis ir analizēt un aprakstīt garīgās veselības aprūpes pacientu smēķēšanas paradumus klīnikā un kā pētījuma uzdevumi noteikti literatūras analīze, pētniecības instrumenta izstrādāšana, pētījuma rezultātu apkopošana un secinājumu un ieteikumu i…

Smoking cessation, anxiety, mood and quality of life: reassuring evidences.

2014

A close and complex relationship between smoking and mental health problems was found. Different hypotheses have been proposed to explain these associations: 1) smoking and poor mental health may share common causes (genetic factors or environmental mechanisms); 2) for people with poor mental health smoking is a coping strategy to regulate psychiatric symptoms; 3) smokings worsen mental health. Moreover, smokers with psychiatric disorders may have more difficulty quitting and patients with mental diseases who received mental health treatment within the previous year were more likely to stop smoking than those not receiving treatment. Taylor et al. hypothesized that quitting smoking might im…

Prenatal air pollution exposure and growth and cardio-metabolic risk in preschoolers

2020

Objectives: We investigated the association between outdoor air pollutants exposure in the first trimester of pregnancy, and growth and cardio-metabolic risk at four years of age, and evaluated the mediating role of birth weight. Methods: We included mother-child pairs (N = 1,724) from the Spanish INMA birth cohort established in 2003-2008. First trimester of pregnancy nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particles (PM2.5) exposure levels were estimated. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and lipids were measured at four years of age. Body mass index (BMI) trajectories from birth to four years were identified. Results: Increased PM2.5 exposure in the first trimester of pregnanc…

A common biological basis of obesity and nicotine addiction

2013

Contains fulltext : 128630.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Smoking influences body weight such that smokers weigh less than non-smokers and smoking cessation often leads to weight increase. The relationship between body weight and smoking is partly explained by the effect of nicotine on appetite and metabolism. However, the brain reward system is involved in the control of the intake of both food and tobacco. We evaluated the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) affecting body mass index (BMI) on smoking behavior, and tested the 32 SNPs identified in a meta-analysis for association with two smoking phenotypes, smoking initiation (SI) and the number of cigarettes smoked …

The role of health literacy in the association between academic performance and substance use.

2022

Abstract Background To address social inequalities in adolescent substance use and consequent disparities in health, it is important to identify the mechanisms of the association between substance use and academic performance. We study the role of health literacy (HL) in the association between academic performance and weekly smoking, monthly alcohol use and cannabis ever-use among adolescents in Europe. Methods SILNE-R school survey data, which was collected in 2016–17 with paper-and-pencil-method from Hanover (GE), Amersfoort (NL) and Tampere (FI), were used (N = 5088, age 13–19). Health Literacy for School-aged Children instrument was used to assess students’ HL. Logistic regression anal…

Farmaceitiskās aprūpes papildus pakalpojumi smēkēšanas atmešanai un ar to ieviešanu Latvijā saistīto barjeru identificēšana Latvijas farmaceitu skatī…

2017

Smēķētāju vēlēšanās atmest smēķēšanu ir lielāka, nekā spēja atmest šo kaitīgo ieradumu. Farmaceita loma ir būtiska šajā jautājumā un farmaceits, kā veselības aprūpes speciālists, var ietekmēt smēķētāja lēmumu atmest smēķēšanu kā arī sniegt padomus vieglākai šī procesa norisei. Maģistra darba mērķis ir noskaidrot un analizēt farmaceitu un farmaceitu asistentu viedokli par šāda papildus pakalpojuma ieviešanu Latvijā, kā arī iespējamās barjeras, kas traucētu šāda papildus pakalpojuma ieviešanai. Darbā izmantota anketēšanas metode informācijas iegūšanai par papildpakalpojumu smēķēšanas atmešanai, kur noskaidrots farmaceitu viedoklis par šāda pakalpojuma nepieciešamību Latvijā un iespējamās ievi…

TEMPORAL CHANGES IN RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS/DISEASES AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN REAL LIFE

Background: The prevalence of respiratory diseases increased during last centuries and the rapid rise in the prevalence of such diseases cannot be explained by genetic factors. Analyses on general population samples investigated at interval of some years can permit to better comprehend these increases and the associated risk factors, adding new evidences on this important item taking into account the real life setting. Aims: to assess real life temporal changes in respiratory diseases/symptoms (asthma, allergic rhinitis - AR - and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD) and associated risk factors in general population samples investigated during a period of 30 years. Methods: a gener…