Search results for "Social Anthropology"

Cross-country comparisons of trends in adolescent psychosomatic symptoms : a Rasch analysis of HBSC data from four Nordic countries

2018

BACKGROUND: To analyse the psychometric properties of the HBSC Symptom Checklist (HBSC-SCL) on psychosomatic symptoms with a focus on the operating characteristics of the items, and on the impacts of measurement distortions on the comparisons of person measures across time and between countries.METHODS: Data were collected in 1993/94, 1997/98, 2001/02, 2005/06, 2008/09, 2013/14 in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden as part of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Data comprised 116,531 students 11, 13 and 15 years old. Rasch analysis was conducted of the HBSC-SCL consisting of eight items with a focus on Differential Item Functioning (DIF) and item threshold ordering. …

The Phenomenology of Specialization of Criminal Suspects

2012

A criminal career can be either general, with the criminal committing different types of crimes, or specialized, with the criminal committing a specific type of crime. A central problem in the study of crime specialization is to determine, from the perspective of the criminal, which crimes should be considered similar and which crimes should be considered distinct. We study a large set of Swedish suspects to empirically investigate generalist and specialist behavior in crime. We show that there is a large group of suspects who can be described as generalists. At the same time, we observe a non-trivial pattern of specialization across age and gender of suspects. Women are less prone to commi…

Inferences on Sicilian Mesolithic subsistence patterns from cross-sectional geometry and entheseal changes

2020

International audience; Using cross-sectional geometry (CSG), entheseal changes (ECs), and presence of external auditory meatus exostosis (EAE), this study tests hypothesis-bases on isotopic and zooarchaeological evidence-that in the Sicilian Mesolithic terrestrial rather than marine resources were predominantly exploited, in substantial continuity with previous Epigravettian hunters. Results show similarities in the general frequency of ECs-a rough proxy for overall activity-with Late Pleistocene hunters, in contrast with Mesolithic coastal foragers or Neolithic herders/farmers. Yet, CSG suggests that this possible continuity in the type of resources exploited was accompanied by a behavior…

Towards understanding the epidemiology of Neisseria meningitidis in the African meningitis belt: a multi-disciplinary overview

2016

International audience; Objectives: Neisseria meningitidis is the major cause of seasonal meningitis epidemics in the African meningitis belt. In the changing context of a reduction in incidence of serogroup A and an increase in incidence of serogroups W and C and of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a better understanding of the determinants driving the disease transmission dynamics remains crucial to improving bacterial meningitis control.Methods: The literature was searched to provide a multi-disciplinary overview of the determinants of meningitis transmission dynamics in the African meningitis belt.Results: Seasonal hyperendemicity is likely predominantly caused by increased invasion rates, spo…

Exemples de conservation de bois : trois types d’aménagements funéraires du VIIe au XVIIIe siècle à Thaon (Calvados)

2009

The excavations started inside and in the immediate neighbourhood of the roman church Saint-Pierre of Thaon since 1998 have enabled to underline several phases of occupation between the IInd century AD and the XIIth with, from the VIIth century, the establishment of a church modified repeatedly. Among 437 burials (from VIIth to XVIIIth century), devices combining wood and stones (cofferings) or showing important remains of wood perfectly preserved (whole boards of coffin nailed down and pegged) were studied and are presented in this article.

Les ambitions de Claude Lévi-Strauss, de l’étude de la parenté à l’étude des mythes

2022

The Ambitions of Claude Lévi-Strauss, from the study of kinship to the study of myths.This chapter offers a general introduction to the work of Claude Lévi-Strauss and its reception. It was especially written for philosophy students and is part of a Humanities and Social Science textbook edited by Yohann Douet and Alexandre Feron.

[compte rendu] La Fabrique des images. Visions du monde et formes de la représentation, sous la direction de Philippe Descola, Musée du quai Branly -…

2011

Human-technology relations in an age of surveillance capitalism. Towards an anthropological theory of the dialectic between analogue and digital huma…

2021

What can anthropology contribute to the current debates about the negative effects of social media on people? Starting from a critique of anthropological work that sees human subjectivity and culture as ontologically unaffected by social media use, I propose that human engagement with these digital technologies produces significant ontological transformations that deserve more attention. I develop my analysis in dialogue with Boellstorff’s ontology of the digital, Nardi’s theorisation of virtuality and affordances, and Zuboff’s formulation of surveillance capitalism, and I use empirical illustrations from the Cambridge Analytica data scandal to highlight key theoretical junctures. My main c…

Could Cambridge Analytica Have Delivered Donald Trump’s 2016 Presidential Victory? An Anthropologist’s Look at Big Data and Political Campaigning

2021

Abstract I first provide some context about Cambridge Analytica’s (ca) activities, linking them to ca parent company, scl Group, which specialised in “public relations” campaigns around the world across multiple sectors (from politics to defence and development), with the explicit aim of behavioural change. I then analyse in more detail the claims made by mathematician and machine learning scholar David Sumpter, who dismisses the possibility that ca might have successfully deployed internet psychographics (e.g. online personality profiling) in the winning 2016 Trump presidential campaign in the US. I critique his arguments, pointing at the need to focus on the bigger picture and on the tota…

Die politische Prägung der Presse der Heimatvertriebenen

2013

International audience; Für viele deutsche Heimatvertriebene ist die Heimatzeitung das einzige, was sie noch an die verlorene Heimat erinnert. Der Grafschafter Bote, die Monatszeitung der Heimatvertriebenen aus der Grafschaft Glatz (Kłodzko), erscheint ununterbrochen seit 1950. Diese einzigartige Veröffentlichung eignet sich hervorragend, um die Entwicklung der Beziehungen der Vertriebenen zu ihrer schlesischen Heimat ans Licht zu bringen. Kulturelle und geschichtliche Beiträge (Bilder, Berichte, Landkarten, Gedichte) beleben die Vergangenheit aufs Neue, während die Rubrik in Mundart Wörter aus der Vergangenheit nachklingen lässt. Mit politischen Artikeln setzt sich die Zeitung für die Anli…