Search results for "Social Behavior"
showing 10 items of 389 documents
A learning model for the dual evolution of human social behaviors
2003
In this work we modelize, with an abstract mathematical model by computer simulation, the processes that have made to appear in the world a strong duality between orient and occident, by combining changes in conditions of initialization, natural system and the opposition gregarious/individualism of the social behaviors. Finally we present a statistical study of the influence of the repression adaptability, resignation and recycling on the ecological destruction and social evolution. This model can help us to analyze if the current capitalist globalization can be stopped, changed or regulated, and if it is possible to overcome it towards a Free Scientific Society.
Motivational Differences? Comparing Private, Public and Hybrid Organizations
2021
AbstractWhile studies of motivational differences between managers in private and public organizations proliferate, few have compared managers’ motivation in hybrid organizations to the motivation of managers in private and public organizations. This lack of studies is surprising, as corporatization has been an important trend in the public sector over the last decades. Using a large survey covering almost 3000 managers from a representative sample of organizations in Norway, this study fills this hole by comparing how managers in hybrid organizations differ on extrinsic, intrinsic and prosocial motivation from their counterparts in public and private organizations.
Sex Differences in the Behavioral and Synaptic Consequences of a Single in vivo Exposure to the Synthetic Cannabimimetic WIN55,212-2 at Puberty and A…
2019
Heavy cannabis consumption among adolescents is associated with significant and lasting neurobiological, psychological and health consequences that depend on the age of first use. Chronic exposure to cannabinoid agonists during the perinatal period or adolescence alters social behavior and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity in adult rats. However, sex differences on social behavior as well as PFC synaptic plasticity after acute cannabinoid activation remain poorly explored. Here, we determined that the consequences of a single in vivo exposure to the synthetic cannabimimetic WIN55,212-2 differently affected PFC neuronal and synaptic functions after 24 h in male and female rats during the pube…
El model PROT i la responsabilitat social universitaria: prosocialitat i transferència del coneixement a la pràctica
2019
espanolEn 30 anos de historia, el grupo LIPA (Laboratorio de Investigacion Prosocial Aplicada) de la Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB) ha promovido y generado un modelo internacionalprofesional, de investigacion y formacion para la optimizacion prosocial de los territorios y organizaciones. La Prosocialidad transferida a la practica social en lipa ha generado intervenciones innovadoras que desde una apuesta por la transferencia del conocimiento, ha beneficiado de modo efectivo a personas y organizaciones, potenciando su creatividad, identidad y autonomia. Se sistematizan los resultados de intervencion profesional de proyectos sociales de lipa, para determinar cuales son indicadores de…
Mètode multinivell per promoure la prosocialitat a l’escola: contribució a la formació en RSU
2019
espanolLa prosocialidad se refiere a las acciones socialmente beneficiosas, implicando conducta, emociones y razonamiento, y aqui se propone un metodo para llevar a cabo una intervencion en centros educativos para su promocion mediante una estrategia multinivel o cadena de favores. Antecedentes: aunque no existe un antecedente especifico del metodo propuesto, existen estudios acerca de la promocion de la prosocialidad en la escuela, centrados en la conducta, las emociones o los razonamientos, y el principal antecedente es el metodo de intervencion prosocial de Robert Roche (Escotorin y Roche, 2011; Roche, 1999, 1997; Romersi, Martinez-Fernandez y Roche, 2011), de la Universidad Autonoma de …
Convergent Loss of Chemoreceptors across Independent Origins of Slave-Making in Ants
2022
The evolution of an obligate parasitic lifestyle often leads to the reduction of morphological and physiological traits, which may be accompanied by loss of genes and functions. Slave-maker ants are social parasites that exploit the work force of closely related ant species for social behaviours such as brood care and foraging. Recent divergence between these social parasites and their hosts enables comparative studies of gene family evolution. We sequenced the genomes of eight ant species, representing three independent origins of ant slavery. During the evolution of eusociality, chemoreceptor genes multiplied due to the importance of chemical communication in societies. We investigated ev…
Anticipatory postural adjustments during joint action coordination
2019
International audience; There is a current claim that humans are able to effortlessly detect others’ hidden mental state by simply observing their movements and transforming the visual input into motor knowledge to predict behaviour. Using a classical paradigm quantifying motor predictions, we tested the role of vision feedback during a reach and load-lifting task performed either alone or with the help of a partner. Wrist flexor and extensor muscle activities were recorded on the supporting hand. Early muscle changes preventing limb instabilities when participants performed the task by themselves revealed the contribution of the visual input in postural anticipation. When the partner perfo…
Demokratie und Gemeinschaft. Oder: wie kontrovers ist die Kommunitarismusdebatte?
1996
"Unter dem Etikett der 'Kommunitarismusdebatte' wird seit einigen Jahren der Umgang mit Differenz und die Integration unterschiedlicher Bevölkerungsgruppen in ein demokratisches politisches System kontrovers diskutiert. Der Streit zwischen 'Kommunitaristen' und 'Liberalen' entzündet sich üaber die Grundlagen der modernen Demokratie. Vereinfacht gründet sich für die Kommunitaristen Demokratie zuerst auf Gemeinschaft und für die Liberalen zuerst auf Gerechtigkeit. Die Kommunitarismusdebatte blieb trotz einer großen Zahl von Beiträgen auf die Analyse moderner westlicher Demokratien beschränkt und sie weist zudem ein 'soziologisches Defizit' auf. Auf diese Lücken zielt meine Fragestellung. Wie …
Interpersonal Distance in the SARS-CoV-2 Crisis
2020
Background Mandatory rules for social distancing to curb the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic require individuals to maintain a critical interpersonal distance above 1.5 m. However, this contradicts our natural preference, which is closer to 1 m for non-intimate encounters, for example, when asking a stranger for directions. Objective This review addresses how humans typically regulate interpersonal distances, in order to highlight the challenges of enforcing atypically large interpersonal distances. Method To understand the challenges posed by social distancing requirements, we integrate relevant contributions from visual perception, social perception, and human factors. Results To date, research on pr…
Adolescents’ and mothers’ temperament types and their roles in early adolescents’ socioemotional functioning
2018
The present study examined adolescents’ and mothers’ temperament types and their roles in the socioemotional functioning of early adolescents. A total of 869 sixth-grade students and 668 mothers participated in the study. The students rated their temperament and socioemotional functioning and the mothers rated their own temperament. Latent profile analyses identified four temperament types among the adolescents (resilient, reserved, average, and mixed) and three types among the mothers (resilient, average, and mixed). The results showed that the adolescents with resilient or reserved temperaments reported significantly fewer conduct problems and emotional symptoms, less hyperactivity, and …