Search results for "Sodium"

showing 10 items of 1605 documents

Thermo-Optical Investigation of Sodium-Bismuth Titanate Single Crystal and PLZT Ceramics

2005

Thermal lensing in relaxor type ferroelectrics as a function of temperature has been investigated by using pulse/probe method. Enhanced thermo-optical (TO) properties had been observed in 3d elements (Cu, Co) doped PLZT ceramics and in sodium-bismuth titanate single crystals near phase transitions (PT). Comparison of TO signals for several doped PLZT materials reveals that 0.5 wt.% Cu doping is responsible for improved thermal lensing parameters interpreted by optimal light absorption, heat transfer and possible PT adjustment. TO experiments in sodium-bismuth titanate single crystals ([001] cut) show enhancement of TO properties in the region of PT and coexisting phases (rhombohedral and te…

Phase transitionMaterials scienceDopingAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsTitanateElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSodium bismuth titanatechemistry.chemical_compoundTetragonal crystal systemchemistryvisual_artHeat transfervisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicSingle crystalFerroelectrics
researchProduct

K+ and Na+ effects on the gelation properties of κ-Carrageenan

2004

The effects of K(+), Na(+) ions and their mixture on the conformational transition and macroscopic gel properties of kappa-Carrageenan system have been studied using different experimental techniques. The macroscopic gelation properties of kappa-Carrageenan were found to be dependent upon cosolute type. Indeed, a more ordered and strong gel was obtained in the presence of K(+) with respect to Na(+) ions. The gel properties obtained using mixtures of two cosolutes are shown to depend on the [K(+)]/[Na(+)] ratio.

Phase transitionTime FactorsKappa-CarrageenanChemistrySodiumOrganic ChemistryTemperatureBiophysicsκ carrageenanSodium ChlorideCarrageenanBiochemistryPhase TransitionPotassium ChlorideIonCrystallographyRheologyCationsPotassiumPhysical chemistrySelf-assemblyRheologyGelsBiophysical Chemistry
researchProduct

Prevention of the acute neurotoxic effects of phenytoin on rat peripheral nerve by H7, an inhibitor of protein kinase C.

1992

Abstract The neurotoxic effects of a single dose of phenytoin (150 mg/kg body weight) alone or 30 min after H7 (a protein kinase C inhibitor) injection (20 mg/kg body weight) were investigated in terms of peripheral neuromuscular function and Na + ,K + -ATPase activity of the sciatic nerve. This intraperitoneal injection of phenytoin induced complete blockade of muscle action potentials in the dorsal segmental muscles of the rat tail evoked by electric stimulation of the caudal nerve and a 40% decrease in the Na + ,K + -ATPase activity of the rat sciatic nerve when compared with control values, measured as the difference between total and ouabain-insensitive ATPase activity. Prior administr…

PhenytoinMalemedicine.medical_treatmentIntraperitoneal injectionPharmacologyToxicologyNeuromuscular junctionPiperazines1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-MethylpiperazinemedicineAnimalsPeripheral NervesNa+/K+-ATPaseRats WistarProtein kinase CProtein Kinase CbiologyChemistryIsoquinolinesSciatic NerveElectric StimulationRatsElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureAnticonvulsantEnzyme inhibitorAnesthesiaPhenytoinbiology.proteinSciatic nerveSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseInjections Intraperitonealmedicine.drugToxicology
researchProduct

Properties of baculovirus particles displaying GFP analyzed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

2003

Abstract Recombinant baculovirus particles displaying green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the major envelope glycoprotein gp64 of the Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) were characterized by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). FCS detected Brownian motion of single, intact recombinant baculovirus display particles with a diffusion coefficient (D) of (2.89±0.74)10 8 cm2s 1 and an apparent hydrodynamic radius of 83.35±21.22 nm. In the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100, and octylglucoside, the diffusion time was reduced to the 0.2 ms range (D = 7.5710 7 cm2s 1), showing that the fusion proteins were anchored in the viral envelope…

PhotochemistryvirusesClinical BiochemistryDetergentsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsFluorescence correlation spectroscopySpodopteraBiochemistryGreen fluorescent proteinDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compoundViral envelopeAnimalsSodium dodecyl sulfateMolecular BiologybiologyChemistryViral membranebiology.organism_classificationFluorescenceFusion proteinMolecular biologyMolecular WeightAutographa californicaLuminescent ProteinsSpectrometry FluorescenceElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelIndicators and ReagentsBaculoviridaeViral Fusion ProteinsAlgorithmsBiological chemistry
researchProduct

Microwave radiation effect on the synthesis of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles in water in oil microemulsion: a preliminary study at different frequen…

2004

AbstractCadmium sulphide nanoparticles have been synthesised in water/sodium bis (2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/n- heptane microemulsions kept at 30 °C by microwave irradiation coupled with water-cooling and in conventional thermostatic conditions at the same temperature. The study has been performed exposing the reaction media to microwave radiation at five different frequencies (2.45, 2.85, 8, 12 and 18 GHz). For each frequency, a suitable microwave exposure set-up has been assembled. During the growth process, the dimensions of the nanoparticles have been characterised by means of UV-Vis spectroscopy. At the end of the growth process, the surface morphology of the nanoparticles has …

PhotoluminescenceMorphology (linguistics)Materials scienceSodiumAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementNanoparticle02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceMicroemulsionSpectroscopySettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica010302 applied physicsHeptaneMechanical Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsNanoparticles synthesi Microwave irradiation Water in oil microemulsions Cadmium sulphidechemistryMechanics of Materials0210 nano-technologyMicrowave
researchProduct

A precise photometric ratio via laser excitation of the sodium layer - I. One-photon excitation using 342.78 nm light

2020

The largest uncertainty on measurements of dark energy using type Ia supernovae is presently due to systematics from photometry; specifically to the relative uncertainty on photometry as a function of wavelength in the optical spectrum. We show that a precise constraint on relative photometry between the visible and near-infrared can be achieved in upcoming surveys (such as in LSST at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory) via a mountaintop-located laser source tuned to the 342.78 nm vacuum excitation wavelength of neutral sodium atoms. Using a high-power (500 W) laser modified from laser guide star studies, this excitation will produce an artificial star (which we term a "laser photometric ratio s…

PhotonCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicslaw.inventionPhotometry (optics)techniques: photometricOpticslawAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsdark energyInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsbusiness.industrymethods:observationalAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSodium layerAstronomy and AstrophysicstelescopesLaser[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]instrumentation: miscellaneousWavelengthLaser guide starSpace and Planetary Science[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]instrumentation:miscellaneousmethods: observationalbusinesstechniques:photometricAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsExcitationVisible spectrumAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
researchProduct

Real-time and low-cost sensing technique based on photonic bandgap structures

2011

[EN] A technique for the development of low-cost and high-sensitivity photonic biosensing devices is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this technique, a photonic bandgap structure is used as transducer, but its readout is performed by simply using a broadband source, an optical filter, and a power meter, without the need of obtaining the transmission spectrum of the structure; thus, a really low-cost system and real-time results are achieved. Experimental results show that it is possible to detect very low refractive index variations, achieving a detection limit below 2 x 10(-6) refractive index units using this low-cost measuring technique. (C) 2011 Optical Society of America[

PhotonsTime FactorsMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySensorsWave-GuidesOptical DevicesPhysics::OpticsSodium ChlorideSlow lightAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSlow-LightOpticsTransducerTransmission (telecommunications)Fiber Bragg gratingLimit of DetectionBroadbandTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESOptoelectronicsBiosensor ArrayPhotonicsOptical filterbusinessRefractive index
researchProduct

Sodium channels enable fast electrical signaling and regulate phagocytosis in the retinal pigment epithelium

2019

Background Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels have traditionally been considered a trademark of excitable cells. However, recent studies have shown the presence of Nav channels in several non-excitable cells, such as astrocytes and macrophages, demonstrating that the roles of these channels are more diverse than was previously thought. Despite the earlier discoveries, the presence of Nav channel-mediated currents in the cells of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been dismissed as a cell culture artifact. We challenge this notion by investigating the presence and possible role of Nav channels in RPE both ex vivo and in vitro. Results Our work demonstrates that several subtypes of Nav cha…

PhotoreceptorsPatch-Clamp TechniquesHuman Embryonic Stem CellsfagosytoosiRetinal Pigment EpitheliumSodium ChannelsRetinaBiokemia solu- ja molekyylibiologia - Biochemistry cell and molecular biologyMicePhagocytosisGenetiikka kehitysbiologia fysiologia - Genetics developmental biology physiologyAnimalsHumans3125 Otorhinolaryngology ophthalmologylcsh:QH301-705.5soluviestintä1184 Genetics developmental biology physiology3112 Neurosciences217 Medical engineeringaistinreseptoritMice Inbred C57BLlcsh:Biology (General)Na-vIon channelsproteiinitRPEPatch clampverkkokalvoNeurotieteet - NeurosciencesNavSignal TransductionResearch Article
researchProduct

Ab initioquality neural-network potential for sodium

2010

An interatomic potential for high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) crystalline and liquid phases of sodium is created using a neural-network (NN) representation of the ab initio potential energy surface. It is demonstrated that the NN potential provides an ab initio quality description of multiple properties of liquid sodium and bcc, fcc, cI16 crystal phases in the P-T region up to 120 GPa and 1200 K. The unique combination of computational efficiency of the NN potential and its ability to reproduce quantitatively experimental properties of sodium in the wide P-T range enables molecular dynamics simulations of physicochemical processes in HPHT sodium of unprecedented quality.

Physicochemical ProcessesCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Artificial neural networkSodiumAb initioMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementInteratomic potentialCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalQuality (physics)chemistryCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhysical Review B
researchProduct

Chemical abundances determined from meteor spectra II. Evidence for enlarged sodium abundances in meteoroids

2004

9 pages, 5 figures.-- Printed version published Mar 2004.

PhysicsAstrochemistryMeteoroidSodiumComet dustchemistry.chemical_elementTechniques: spectroscopicgeneral [Comets]Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstrobiologyspectroscopic [Techniques]Comets: generalInterplanetary dust cloudchemistryMeteoriteSpace and Planetary ScienceChondriteAbundance (ecology)Meteors meteoroidsAstrochemistry
researchProduct