Search results for "Solution"

2017

Induction of plant resistance against pathogens by defense elicitors constitutes an attractive strategy to reduce the use of fungicides in crop protection. However, all elicitors do not systematically confer protection against pathogens. Elicitor-induced resistance (IR) thus merits to be further characterized in order to understand what makes an elicitor efficient. In this study, the oligosaccharidic defense elicitors H13 and PS3, respectively, ineffective and effective to trigger resistance of grapevine leaves against downy mildew, were used to compare their effect on the global leaf metabolism. Ultra high resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) analysis allowed us to obtain and compare t…

Prototyping Sentinel-2 green LAI and brown LAI products for cropland monitoring.

2022

Abstract For agricultural applications, identification of non-photosynthetic above-ground vegetation is of great interest as it contributes to assess harvest practices, detecting crop residues or drought events, as well as to better predict the carbon, water and nutrients uptake. While the mapping of green Leaf Area Index (LAI) is well established, current operational retrieval models are not calibrated for LAI estimation over senescent, brown vegetation. This not only leads to an underestimation of LAI when crops are ripening, but is also a missed monitoring opportunity. The high spatial and temporal resolution of Sentinel-2 (S2) satellites constellation offers the possibility to estimate …

Cuestiones varias en torno a la determinación de la filiación por doble paternidad

2018

The article 7.3 of the law 14/2006, of May 26 on technologies of human assisted reproduction establishes the possibility of determining legally the double maternity of married women and not separated legally or of fact, when the not biological mother consents that filiation decides to his favor the respect of the born son of his spouse. In the suppositions not regulated in the mentioned rule the Supreme Court in relation with equal women?s homosexuality in judgment of December 5, 2013 and January 15, 2014 applies the civil code and allows to determine judicially the maternity by means of the exercise of an action of claim for possession of status foreseen in the article 131. In the present …

Synchronizing the release rates of salicylate and indomethacin from degradable chitosan hydrogel and its optimization by definitive screening design.

2018

Abstract Three types of ionically crosslinked (with citric acid) chitosan discs were loaded with the highly water- soluble drug, sodium salicylate (SS) and the poorly water-soluble drug, indomethacin (Ind). In separate experiments the hydrated discs were immersed in a de-crosslinking solution comprising of different concentrations of calcium chloride, which induced a controlled erosion of the discs, a process which was optimized to synchronize the release rates of the two drugs over a predetermined period of time. The optimization was accomplished by manipulating six factors: chitosan MW, its amount in the formulation, the concentration of the crosslinker agent, the concentration of the de-…

Solid microcrystalline dispersion films as a new strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs: A case study using olanzapine

2016

In this study, we evaluate the dissolution rate enhancement of solid microcrystalline dispersion (SMD) films of olanzapine (OLZ) formulated with four water-soluble polymers namely poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poloxamer 188 (P188), poloxamer 407 (P407) and Soluplus(®) (SLP). Prepared formulations were characterised to determine particle size, morphology, hydrogen bonding interactions, thermal characteristics as well as in vitro dissolution studies conducted under sink conditions (pH 6.8). Particle size of OLZ in all formulations ranged between 42 and 58μm. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Hot-Stage…

PEG 400/Cerium Ammonium Nitrate Combined with Microwave-Assisted Synthesis for Rapid Access to Beta-Amino Ketones. An Easy-to-Use Protocol for Discov…

2018

Compound libraries are important requirement in target-based drug discovery. In the present work, a small focused compound library based on β-aminoketone scaffold has been prepared combining microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) with polymer-assisted solution phase synthesis (PASPS) and replacing reaction workup standard purification procedures with solid phase extraction (SPE). Specifically, the effects of solvent, such as dioxane, dimethylformamide (DMF), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400), temperature, irradiation time, stoichiometric ratio of reagents, and catalysts (HCl, acetic acid, cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN)) were investigated to maximize both conversion and yield. The optimi…

Solutions of the LPD equation and multi-parametric rogue waves

2022

Quasi-rational solutions to the Lakshmanan Porsezian Daniel equation are presented. We construct explicit expressions of these solutions for the first orders depending on real parameters. We study the patterns of these configurations in the (x, t) plane in function of the different parameters. We observe in the case of order 2, three rogue waves which move according to the two parameters. In the case of order 3, six rogue waves are observed with specific configurations moving according to the four parameters.

From particular polynomials to rational solutions to the mKdV equation

2022

Rational solutions to the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation are given in terms of a quotient of determinants involving certain particular polynomials. This gives a very efficient method to construct solutions. We construct very easily explicit expressions of these rational solutions for the first orders n = 1 until 10.

N order solutions with multi-parameters to the Boussinesq and KP equations and the degenerate rational case

2021

From elementary exponential functions which depend on several parameters, we construct multi-parametric solutions to the Boussinesq equation. When we perform a passage to the limit when one of these parameters goes to 0, we get rational solutions as a quotient of a polynomial of degree N (N + 1) − 2 in x and t, by a polynomial of degree N (N + 1) in x and t for each positive integer N depending on 3N parameters. We restrict ourself to give the explicit expressions of these rational solutions for N = 1 until N = 3 to shortened the paper. We easily deduce the corresponding explicit rational solutions to the Kadomtsev Petviashvili equation for the same orders from 1 to 3.

From particular polynomials to rational solutions to the PII equation

2022

The Painlevé equations were derived by Painlevé and Gambier in the years 1895 − 1910. Given a rational function R in w, w ′ and analytic in z, they searched what were the second order ordinary differential equations of the form w ′′ = R(z, w, w ′) with the properties that the singularities other than poles of any solution or this equation depend on the equation only and not of the constants of integration. They proved that there are fifty equations of this type, and the Painlevé II is one of these. Here, we construct solutions to the Painlevé II equation (PII) from particular polynomials. We obtain rational solutions written as a derivative with respect to the variable x of a logarithm of a…