Search results for "Solutions"

showing 10 items of 757 documents

Microfluidic continuous flow synthesis of rod-shaped gold and silver nanocrystals

2009

We present a continuous flow synthesis of gold and silver nanorods allowing tailored design of particles with desired shapes and online monitoring of particle growth.

SilverMaterials sciencemedicine.diagnostic_testContinuous flowMicrofluidicsMetal NanoparticlesGeneral Physics and AstronomyNanotechnologySolutionsTransition metalNanocrystalSpectrophotometrySpectrophotometryParticle growthmedicineParticleGoldPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySilver nanorodsPhys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
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Practical formula for the evaluation of high-order multiphoton absorption in thin nonlinear media

2009

We present an analytical formula for the fast and accurate evaluation of nonlinear absorption in materials exhibiting an admixture of different multiphoton processes. This approach is specifically addressed for its use in thin films when the slowly varying envelope approximation applies. The contribution of absorptions of distinct order is conveniently averaged in order to use well-known expressions for a single multiphoton process. In the latter case, therefore, our simple expression is reduced toward the exact solution.

Slowly varying envelope approximationMaterials sciencebusiness.industryNonlinear opticsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsExpression (mathematics)Computational physicsNonlinear systemOpticsExact solutions in general relativitySimple (abstract algebra)Thin filmbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Journal of Modern Optics
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Comparison of adsorption equilibrium models and error functions for the study of sulfate removal by calcium hydroxyapatite microfibrillated cellulose…

2017

In the present study, the adsorption of sulfates of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) by calcium hydroxyapatite-modified microfibrillated cellulose was studied in the aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope and elemental analysis in order to gain the information on its structure and physico-chemical properties. The adsorption studies were conducted in batch mode. The effects of solution pH, contact time, the initial concentration of sulfate and the effect of competing anions were studied on the performance of synthesized adsorbent for sulfate removal. Adsorption kinetics indica…

SodiumInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencessulfate removal01 natural sciencesNanocellulosechemistry.chemical_compoundAdsorptionSodium sulfateSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredEnvironmental ChemistryCelluloseSulfateCelluloseWaste Management and Disposalnanocellulose0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyAqueous solutionSulfatesGeneral Medicinewater treatmentHydrogen-Ion Concentration021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologycalcium hydroxyapatiteSolutionsKineticsDurapatitechemistryChemical engineeringElemental analysisadsorptionThermodynamicsAdsorption0210 nano-technologyWater Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental technology
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Modeling the acid-base properties of molybdate(VI) in different ionic media, ionic strengths and temperatures, by EDH, SIT and Pitzer equations

2017

This paper reports the results of a study on the determination of the protonation constants of MoO42 −, in NaClaq, NaNO3aq, KClaq, at different ionic strengths (0 < I/mol dm− 3 ≤ 5.0 in NaClaq, 0 < I/mol dm− 3 ≤ 3.0 in NaNO3aq and KClaq) and temperatures (278.15 ≤ T/K ≤ 318.15 in NaClaq, only 298.15 K in NaNO3aq and KClaq), by potentiometric (ISE-H+ glass electrode) and spectrophotometric (UV/Vis) titrations. After a critical analysis of results and literature findings, the proposed speciation model takes into account the formation of two monomeric and four heptameric species, namely: MoO4H−, MoO4H2, (MoO4)7H86 −, (MoO4)7H95 −, (MoO4)7H104 − and (MoO4)7H113 −. Due to the complexity of…

Solid-state chemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticBase (chemistry)Thermodynamic parameterSpeciationInorganic chemistryThermodynamicsIonic bondingchemistry.chemical_elementProtonationProtonationCondensed Matter PhysicMolybdate010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMolybdenum Protonation Thermodynamic parameters Aqueous solutions SpeciationMaterials ChemistryAqueous solutionPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyMolybdenumchemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solution010405 organic chemistryElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryMolybdenumPitzer equationsJournal of Molecular Liquids
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Rôle des espèces sulfures dans la corrosion des aciers non alliés : hétérogénéités de la couche de produits de corrosion et couplages galvaniques

2014

The present study relates to the problem of the long-term interim storage of nuclear wastes. In France, it is envisaged that high-level radioactive wastes will be confined in a glass matrix, stored in a stainless steel canister, itself placed in a carbon steel overpack. The wastes will then be stored at a depth of ~450 m in a deep geological disposal, drilled in a very stiff (indurated) clay (argillite) formation. A temperature as high as 90°C is expected at the steel surface because of the intense radioactivity. Anodic polarization at applied current density was used to synthetize corrosion product layers likely to be formed in storage conditions. The S235 steel electrodes were covered by …

Solutions carbonatéesProduits de corrosion du ferCarbonated mediaIron corrosion productsSulfidesSulfuresGalvanic couplingCouplage galvanique[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
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Modified Landau levels, damped harmonic oscillator and two-dimensional pseudo-bosons

2010

In a series of recent papers one of us has analyzed in some details a class of elementary excitations called {\em pseudo-bosons}. They arise from a special deformation of the canonical commutation relation $[a,a^\dagger]=\1$, which is replaced by $[a,b]=\1$, with $b$ not necessarily equal to $a^\dagger$. Here, after a two-dimensional extension of the general framework, we apply the theory to a generalized version of the two-dimensional Hamiltonian describing Landau levels. Moreover, for this system, we discuss coherent states and we deduce a resolution of the identity. We also consider a different class of examples arising from a classical system, i.e. a damped harmonic oscillator.

Solutions of wave equations: bound statesBoson systems[PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]FOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesCanonical commutation relationsymbols.namesakedamped harmonic oscillator[MATH.MATH-MP]Mathematics [math]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph]Modified Landau levelQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaMathematical PhysicsHarmonic oscillatorEigenvalues and eigenvectorsLandau levelsBosonMathematical physicsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsLandau quantizationMathematical Physics (math-ph)harmonic oscillatorssymbolsCoherent statespseudo-bosonsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Advances in the investigation of dioxouranium(VI) complexes of interest for natural fluids

2012

Abstract The interactions of dioxouranium(VI) cation with different organic and inorganic ligands of environmental and biological interest were carefully examined with the aim to draw a chemical speciation picture of this ion in natural aquatic ecosystems and in biological fluids. Since UO22+ ion shows a significant tendency to hydrolyze, particular attention was paid in considering the hydrolysis species formation both in the presence and in absence of ligands. The results reported in the literature show that formation of the hydrolytic species assumes a great importance in the complexation models for all the UO22+-ligand systems considered. In particular, the following ligands have been t…

SpeciationDioxouranium(VI) complexes; Aqueous solutions; Inorganic ligands; Organic ligands; Speciation; SequestrationOrganic ligandsInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundComputational chemistryMaterials ChemistryAqueous solutionDioxouranium(VI) complexesOrganic chemistryMoleculeSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaCarboxylatePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBinding siteAqueous solutionsDioxouranium(VI) complexechemistry.chemical_classificationInorganic ligandsAqueous solutionLigandSequestrationInorganic ligandUranylAmino acidchemistryOrganic ligandChemical stabilityCoordination Chemistry Reviews
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Surfactant self-assembly in the gas phase: Bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate- alkaline metal ion aggregates

2008

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted for systems in vacuo consisting of n AOT anions (bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate ions) and n 1 or n Na+ ions up to n = 20. For n = 15, positively charged systems with Li+, K+, and Cs+ cations were also considered. All systems were observed to form reverse micelle-like aggregates whose centre is occupied by cations and polar heads in a very compact solid-like way, while globally the aggregate has the form of an elongated and rather flat ellipsoid. Various types of statistical analyses were carried out on the systems to enlighten structural and dynamical properties including gyration radius, atomic pair correlation functions, atomic B-factor …

Spectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationREVERSE MICELLESElectrospray ionizationInorganic chemistrySupramolecular chemistrySalt (chemistry)LithiumMass SpectrometryIonSurface-Active AgentsPulmonary surfactantMaterials ChemistryWATERPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationChemistrySodiumSuccinatesAlkali metalSurfaces Coatings and FilmsSolutionsNANOCRYSTALSMetalsMESOSTRUCTURED FLUIDSGasesSelf-assembly
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Host−Guest Interactions between β-Cyclodextrin and the (Z)-Phenylhydrazone of 3-Benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole:  The First Kinetic Study of a Ring…

2002

The effect of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) on the mononuclear heterocyclic rearrangement of the (Z)-phenylhydrazone of 3-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (1) in aqueous borate buffer at pH = 9.6 has been analyzed at temperatures ranging from 293.15 to 313.15 K. The trend of the absorption spectra of 1 as a function of time has been accounted for with the formation of two different 1:1 complexes between beta-CD and 1, the first, "unreactive" complex being formed faster than the "reactive" one. The occurrence of negative activation enthalpy values for the studied interconversion evidences the kinetic relevance of inclusion processes. Computational models elaborated using the MM2 molecular mec…

Spectrophotometry InfraredStereochemistryOxadiazoleHydrazoneBeta-CyclodextrinsStereoisomerismOxadiazoleRing (chemistry)Medicinal chemistryInclusion compoundchemistry.chemical_compoundCyclodextrin host-guest interactionsCyclodextrinMoleculeSolutionKineticchemistry.chemical_classificationCyclodextrinsOxadiazolesMolecular StructureCyclodextrinbeta-CyclodextrinsOrganic ChemistryHydrazonesWaterStereoisomerismSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaHydrazoneSolutionsKineticsModels ChemicalchemistryCyclization
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Self-assembly of a bioelastomeric structure: solution dynamics and the spinodal and coacervation lines.

1990

The stability, metastability, and instability regions of aqueous solutions of a representative synthetic bioelastomeric polymer, poly (Val-Pro-Gly-Val-Gly), were determined by a combined use of elastic and quasi-elastic light scattering experiments. The approach followed here offers the attractive advantage of singling out the relevant contributions to the total scattering even in the presence of traces of noninteracting larger sized impurities. Conclusions so reached were checked by means of independent experiments. The present results provide descriptions of the very early events in the physics of bioelastogenesis in terms of general polymer science and phase transitions, and in terms of …

SpinodalPhase transitionChemical PhenomenaLightStereochemistryMolecular Sequence DataBiophysicsBiochemistryInstabilityLight scatteringBiomaterialsMolecular dynamicsMetastabilityScattering RadiationAmino Acid SequencePhase diagramQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesScatteringChemistryChemistry PhysicalOrganic ChemistryTemperatureGeneral MedicineSolutionsChemical physicsPeptidesBiopolymers
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