Search results for "Sorbent"

Smart Materials for Solid-Phase Extraction Applications

2019

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies generated against bovine and porcine prostacyclin synthase and quantitation of bovine prostacyclin synthase

1994

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies were raised against prostacyclin synthases purified from bovine and porcine aortae, respectively. Two monoclonal antibodies, RS1 and RS2, were purified and characterized. As shown by enzyme activity precipitation and Western blot analysis, in solubilized bovine and porcine aortae microsomes the monoclonal antibodies reacted only with prostacyclin synthase. The monoclonal antibody RS1 cross-reacts with partially purified prostacyclin synthase from human umbilical veins in an ELISA-based assay. None of the antibodies inhibited the enzyme activity. By combination of the monoclonal antibody RS2 with a polyclonal antibody we established an enzyme-linked immunosorben…

Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate transfer of cytoplasmic neutrophil antigens to myeloid dendritic cells toward ANCA induction and associated au…

2012

AbstractAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) target proteins normally retained within neutrophils, indicating that cell death is involved in the autoimmunity process. Still, ANCA pathogenesis remains obscure. ANCAs activate neutrophils inducing their respiratory burst and a peculiar form of cell death, named NETosis, characterized by formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), decondensed chromatin threads decorated with cytoplasmic proteins endorsed with antimicrobial activity. NETs have been consistently detected in ANCA-associated small-vessel vasculitis, and this association prompted us to test whether the peculiar structure of NET favors neutrophil proteins uploading i…

Direct ELISA kits as a sensitive and selective screening method for abstinence control in urine.

2011

In 2009 cutoff values of assessment criteria to testify abstinence control in order to estimate driving ability were standardized in Germany. The cutoff values are lower than required in existing guidelines like SAMHSA and there is critical discussion about detection of low concentrations by using immunoassay, especially concerning amphetamines in urine (50 ng/ml). In this study Direct ELISA kits were tested for their applicability to identify the absence of amphetamines, cannabinoids, opiates, cocaine, methadone and benzodiazepines in urine. Results were confirmed by LC/MS or GC/MS analyses. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values (positive as well as negative) and overall misclassific…

The role of oxidative stress in pro-inflammatory activation of human endothelial cells on Ti6Al4V alloy

2013

Inflammation is an important step in the early phase of tissue regeneration around an implanted metallic orthopaedic device. However, prolonged inflammation, which can be induced by metallic corrosion products, can lead to aseptic loosening and implant failure. Cells in peri-implant tissue as well as metal corrosion can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, thus contributing to an oxidative microenvironment around an implant. Understanding cellular reactions to implant-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory activation is important to help prevent an adverse response to metallic materials. In an earlier study we have shown that endothelial cells grown on Ti6Al4V alloy are subjec…

Association between biomarkers of inflammation and left ventricular hypertrophy in moderate chronic kidney disease.

2007

Aims: Left ventricular hyper- trophy (LVH) is a predictor for cardiovascu- lar mortality, and it is considered to be a surro- gate marker of preclinical cardiovascular dis- ease. This study aimed at evaluating whether fetuin-A plasma levels are decreased in pa- tients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their linkage to plasma concentra- tions of hs-C-reactive protein (CRP), cardio- trophyn-1 (CT-1), tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), propeptide of collagen Type I (PIP) and to LVH. Material and methods: We enrolled 64 moderate CKD and 55 essential hypertensives (EH) with normal renal func- tion as controls. All the patients underwent an echocardiographic examination; plasma sam- ples…

Highly sensitive monoclonal antibody-based immunoassays for boscalid analysis in strawberries

2018

Boscalid is an agrochemical recently developed for crop protection and the most significant member of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor group of fungicides. In this study, a collection of high-affinity monoclonal antibodies was generated to boscalid. By using a series of haptens with a linker at alternative tethering sites of the boscalid framework, specific antibodies were isolated as well as antibodies that also recognized the main boscalid metabolite. Two immunoassays were developed using different ELISA formats. Optimized assays displayed very high sensitivities (limits of detection were near 0.01 µg/L). Trueness and precision for the determination of the target analyte in strawberr…

Solid-phase extraction disks for determining pesticides from soil leachates

1997

Abstract Analytical techniques are essential for identifying and quantifying the chemicals present in environmental samples. A method for extracting pesticides from soil leachates was developed. The proposed method is based on solid-phase extraction and uses 47-mm disks of octyl-bonded silica. Analysis was carried out by gas chromatography with nitrogen–phosphorus and electron-capture detectors. Several factors that can provide better pesticide recoveries with this extraction method are discussed. These factors are: the kind and percentage of organic solvent used in the extraction procedure, the volume and the ionic strength (adding 15% of NaCl) of the aqueous phase which passes through the…

Novel haptens and monoclonal antibodies with subnanomolar affinity for a classical analytical target, ochratoxin A

2018

Ochratoxin A is a potent toxic fungal metabolite whose undesirable presence in food commodities constitutes a problem of public health, so it is strictly regulated and controlled. For the first time, two derivatives of ochratoxin A (OTAb and OTAd) functionalized through positions other than the native carboxyl group of the mycotoxin, have been synthesized in order to better mimic, during the immunization process, the steric and conformational properties of the target analyte. Additionally, two conventional haptens making use of that native carboxyl group for protein coupling (OTAe and OTAf) were also prepared as controls for the purpose of comparison. The immunological performance in rabbit…

A polyphasic approach to the identification of ochratoxin A-producing black Aspergillus isolates from vineyards in Sicily.

2008

Aspergillus strains belonging to section Nigri isolated during a two year survey in eight Sicilian vineyards located on the slopes of Mount Etna (Sicily, Italy) were analysed analyzed in order to characterize species responsible for ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination of grapes. The polyphasic approach permitted analysis of biodiversity of Aspergillus isolates in relation to their morphology, ochratoxigenicity and genetic variability. We assessed OTA production by A. carbonarius, A. niger, A. tubingensis and A. japonicus using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A. carbonarius isolates were the strongest OTA producers. A subset of 66 representative strains was selected for further DNA-based …