Search results for "Sorption"
showing 10 items of 4623 documents
Effect of titanium dioxide crystalline structure on the photocatalytic production of hydrogen
2011
The effect of the crystalline phase of TiO 2 (anatase, rutile and brookite) on its photocatalytic activity in hydrogen production from methanol-water vapours has been investigated by testing a series of both home-made and commercial TiO 2 photocatalysts, either bare or surface-modified by deposition of a fixed amount, i.e. 1 wt%, of platinum as co-catalyst. For all of the TiO 2 samples the rate of hydrogen production increased by one order of magnitude upon Pt deposition, because of the ability of Pt to enhance the separation of photoproduced electron-hole pairs. Under irradiation in the 350-450 nm wavelength range, brookite and anatase showed similar photoactivities, both superior to that …
Preparation characterization and photocatalytic activity of polycrystalline ZnO/TiO2 systems. 2. Surface, bulk characterization, and 4-nitrophenol ph…
2001
Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and monitoring of pyridine (py) and boric acid trimethyl ester (BATE) adsorption for determining surface acidity and basicity, respectively, were used to carry out further characterization of mixed ZnO/TiO2 polycrystalline solids prepared by different methods. Moreover, the powders were tested in a batch photoreactor for a probe reaction, i.e., 4-nitrophenol photodegradation in aqueous medium. ESR results indicated the presence of signals attributable to Zn+ species in ZnO/TiO2 (anatase) solids, while in ZnO/TiO2 (rutile) samples the presence of zinc induced only the formation of signals probably due…
Rate of photon absorption and turnover number: two parameters for the comparison of heterogeneous photocatalytic systems in a quantitative way
1993
Abstract In order to correctly compare the performance of different photocatalytic systems using polycrystalline semiconductor oxides, two parameters are proposed: the rate of photon absorption (rpa) and the turnover number (tn). From these quantities the quantum yield (qy), which indicates the efficiency of the absorbed photons for promoting a reaction event, can be determined. The phenol photodegradation reaction, carried out in aqueous dispersions of polycrystalline TiO2 (anatase) of different preparation methods and sources, has been used as “test reaction” in order to determine the tn, rpa and qy values.
ChemInform Abstract: Rate of Photon Absorption and Turnover Number: Two Parameters for the Comparison of Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Systems in a Qu…
2010
Abstract In order to correctly compare the performance of different photocatalytic systems using polycrystalline semiconductor oxides, two parameters are proposed: the rate of photon absorption (rpa) and the turnover number (tn). From these quantities the quantum yield (qy), which indicates the efficiency of the absorbed photons for promoting a reaction event, can be determined. The phenol photodegradation reaction, carried out in aqueous dispersions of polycrystalline TiO2 (anatase) of different preparation methods and sources, has been used as “test reaction” in order to determine the tn, rpa and qy values.
Photocatalytic activity of anatase-nickel ferrite heterostructures
2015
The simple co-precipitation route was used to couple commercial TiO2 anatase nanopowder with nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4). The morphology and the crystalline structure of composite nanoparticles were characterised by TEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD and Rietveld refinement, XPS and XAS. The optical and magnetic properties were investigated. After co-precipitation NiFe2O4 nanoparticles, composed of spinel ferrite crystal phase, were formed on the surface of TiO2 anatase nanopowder. The TiO2/NiFe2O4 composite oxide demonstrated large specific surface area, high visible light absorption efficiency and efficient charge carrier separation, compared to pristine anatase TiO2 or pristine NiFe2O4, rep…
Physicochemical characterization of metal hexacyanometallate–TiO2composite materials
2015
The paper describes the synthesis and characterization of novel TiO2–metal hexacyanometallates (MHCMs) composite materials. The starting material, TiO2, was modified by addition of cobalt-hexacyanoferrate (CoHCF) or iron-hexacyanocobaltate (FeHCC) at various concentrations. The resulting composites were characterized as follows: cyclic voltammetry (CV) followed the formation of TiO2–MHCM clusters, TEM micrographs studied their morphology, XAS and XPS data indicated that MHCM bonds to TiO2 through the nitrogen atom of its –CN group and modifies the environment of Ti compared to that of pure anatase. As expected, and confirmed by UV-Vis and XP-valence band data, the electronic properties of T…
Surface properties of iron-titania photocatalysts employed for 4-nitrophenol photodegradation in aqueous TiO2 dispersion
1994
Iron(III) doped specimens (0.01–5% atomic Fe ∶ Ti) have been prepared by impregnating polycrystalline “home prepared” TiO2 (mainly anatase) and have been studied for photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous dispersions. Some structural and surface properties have been studied by X-ray diffraction, specific surface area and porosity measurements and FTIR monitoring of pyridine, ammonia and methanoic acid adsorption for surface acidity and basicity. Their surface properties were compared with a corresponding series of photocatalysts prepared by a coprecipitation method. Adsorption of pyridine and ammonia indicates the presence of surface acid Lewis sites, a low concentration of …
Brown Carbon Aerosol in Urban Xi'an, Northwest China: The Composition and Light Absorption Properties.
2018
Light-absorbing organic carbon (i.e., brown carbon or BrC) in the atmospheric aerosol has significant contribution to light absorption and radiative forcing. However, the link between BrC optical properties and chemical composition remains poorly constrained. In this study, we combine spectrophotometric measurements and chemical analyses of BrC samples collected from July 2008 to June 2009 in urban Xi'an, Northwest China. Elevated BrC was observed in winter (5 times higher than in summer), largely due to increased emissions from wintertime domestic biomass burning. The light absorption coefficient of methanol-soluble BrC at 365 nm (on average approximately twice that of water-soluble BrC) w…
Enhanced orbital magnetic moments in the Heusler compounds ,,
2004
Abstract Using the magnetic circular dichroism in X-ray absorption at the L2,3-edges of the 3d-transition metals, we determined the element specific ratio between orbital and spin magnetic moment of the Heusler compounds Co 2 CrAl , Co 2 Cr 0.6 Fe 0.4 Al and Co2FeAl. The orbital magnetic moment per spin is large (0.1–0.2) compared to bulk values of Fe and Co metals.
A preliminary study in Wistar rats with enniatin : A contaminated feed
2014
A 28-day repeated dose preliminary assay, using enniatin A naturally contaminated feed through microbial fermentation by a Fusarium tricinctum strain, was carried out employing two months-old female Wistar rats as in vivo experimental model. In order to simulate a physiological test of a toxic compound naturally produced by fungi, five treated animals were fed during twenty-eight days with fermented feed. As control group, five rats were fed with standard feed. At the 28th day, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis and the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys were removed from each rat for enniatin A detection and quantitation. Digesta were collected from stomach, duode…