Search results for "Sound"

Estimating the effects of winter-fishing: mobile echosounding under ice

1999

Abstract An echosounder with a tape recorder in a propeller-driven waterproof box (an echosounder shuttle) was used under the ice to monitor the vertical distribution and density of fish in a winter seining area of a Finnish lake in April 1997. The surveyed fish were at 3.5–8 m depth, and fish density was significantly lower after seining than before. The seine catch was about 10 kg ha−1, and the echosounding results showed a decrease of 7 kg ha−1 in the hauling area. There were some difficulties due to the low temperature, and minor problems with steering and leakage of the shuttle. We conclude that it is possible to make mobile echosurveys under the ice and estimate densities of wintering…

Use of ultrasonic vocalizations to assess olfactory detection in mouse pups treated with 3-methylindole.

2005

International audience; Altricial mammals use olfaction long before the olfactory bulb has reached its anatomically mature state. Indeed, while audition and vision are still not functional, the olfactory system of newborn animals can clearly process distinct odorant molecules. Although several previous studies have emphasized the important role that olfaction plays in early critical functions, it has been difficult to develop a sensitive and reliable test to precisely quantify olfactory ability in pups. One difficulty in determining early sensory capabilities is the rather limited behavioral repertory of neonates. The present study examines the use of ultrasonic vocalizations emitted by iso…

Comparison of the combined action of oxaliplatin or cisplatin and radiation in cervical and lung cancer cells

2007

To test the combined effects of oxaliplatin and radiation versus cisplatin and radiation using human cervical and lung cancer cell lines.CaSki cervical cancer cells, and A549 lung cancer cells were cultured under standard conditions. Cells were treated with escalating doses of gamma-irradiation (0-6 Gy), and with oxali- and cisplatin for 2 h or 24 h, or a combination of both. Cell survival was measured by a colony-forming assay. Survival curves were fitted to the data using the linear quadratic model. Sensitizer enhancement ratios (SER) were calculated at the 37% survival level, and isobologram analysis was applied to test for the drug-radiation interactions.Oxaliplatin as well as cisplatin…

EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma

2018

Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death globally. Hepatocellular carcinoma represents about 90% of primary liver cancers and constitutes a major global health problem. The following Clinical Practice Guidelines will give up-to-date advice for the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as providing an in-depth review of all the relevant data leading to the conclusions herein. (C) 2018 European Association for the Study of the Liver. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Cost-effectiveness of recall strategies for non-invasive diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma

2009

Impact of molecular and histological subtype of breast cancer on 18FDG-PET/CT imaging: Knowledge gained from recent studies

2016

International audience; Over the past few years, several studies have focused attention on the impact of breast cancer (BC) histological subtype or BC phenotype, as defined by hormone receptors (HR) and HER2 status, on the results of FDG-PET/CT at staging, or during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). At staging, sclerotic bone metastases from invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) demonstrated low or no FDG uptake in comparison to metastases from invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). The CT component of PET/CT imaging should be carefully analyzed in the staging of ILC. In patients with triple negative or HER2-positive tumors, the proportion of extraskeletal metastases is high; this must be taken into acc…

The combined effect of fludarabine monophosphate and radiation as well as gemcitabine and radiation on squamous carcinoma tumor cell lines in vitro.

2008

Despite proven antitumor activity of gemcitabine in chemoradiotherapy of advanced head and neck cancer, many authors refer to severe acute and late local and haematological toxicity. Fludarabine does imply nearly the same mechanisms of action as gemcitabine, inhibiting various enzymes involved in DNA replication. This investigation focuses on the combined effect of either fludarabine or gemcitabine and radiation on human squamous carcinoma cell lines in vitro, providing data for future decisions on head and neck chemoradiotherapy regimen.ZMK-1, A549, BW-225, GR-145, OH-65 and CaSki cell lines were incubated with either drug at defined schedules and irradiated at a single fraction dose of 2 …

Shaping the Urban Soundscape in Spanish Palermo

2018

My research focuses mainly on official music making, that is promoted by the politic and religious power, in Palermo in the age of the Spanish domination. What I discuss in my chapter, is: 1) how music contributed specifically to shape the urban space, 2) which was the relation between musical experience and political power during the Spanish domination. I will focus on the second half of the seventeenth-century, the final years of the Spanish rule. In this period of time, two important events marked the musical shaping of the urban space: 1) in 1682, the creation of a permanent venue for performing music “en plein air”, the so-called “teatro della musica” in the Strata Colonna; 2) in 1693,…

Reflection and Refraction of Singularities for Wave Equations with Interface Conditions given by Fourier Integral Operators

1992

Cauchy problems for hyperbolic operators often have the property, that the singularities of the initial data propagate along the bicharacteristic strips of the operator (cf. e.g. [13]). We consider, in the linear case, the situation where the bicharacteristics hit transversally a spacelike interface, which is ‘active’ in the sense that the interface condition is given via certain Fourier integral operators. Taking the identity, we obtain classical transmission conditions. A suitable functional analytic setting is furnished by the interaction concept [3], [6], [7], which covers very general mutual influences of evolution phenomena on different domains.

Focused Ultrasound in Neuroscience. State of the Art and Future Perspectives

2021

Transcranial MR-guided Focused ultrasound (tcMRgFUS) is a surgical procedure that adopts focused ultrasounds beam towards a specific therapeutic target through the intact skull. The convergence of focused ultrasound beams onto the target produces tissue effects through released energy. Regarding neurosurgical applications, tcMRgFUS has been successfully adopted as a non-invasive procedure for ablative purposes such as thalamotomy, pallidotomy, and subthalamotomy for movement disorders. Several studies confirmed the effectiveness of tcMRgFUS in the treatment of several neurological conditions, ranging from motor disorders to psychiatric disorders. Moreover, using low-frequencies tcMRgFUS sys…