Search results for "Spain"
showing 10 items of 2556 documents
Low Dietary Magnesium and Overweight/Obesity in a Mediterranean Population: A Detrimental Synergy for the Development of Hypertension. The SUN Project
2020
Hypertension is the strongest independent modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association of magnesium intake with incident hypertension in a Mediterranean population, and the potential modification of this association by body mass index BMI. We assessed 14,057 participants of the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) prospective cohort (67.0% women) initially free of hypertension. At baseline, a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire was administered. We used Cox models adjusted for multiple socio-demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle factors, and prevalent conditions present at baseline. Among a mean 9.6 years of follow-up we obs…
Influence of a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern on Body Fat Distribution: Results of the PREDIMED-Canarias Intervention Randomized Trial
2016
Objective: To assess the influence of a Mediterranean dietary pattern (MeDiet) on anthropometric and body composition parameters in one of the centers of the PREDIMED randomized dietary trial. Subjects/Settings: 351 Canarian free-living subjects aged 55 to 80 years, with type 2 diabetes or ≥3 cardiovascular risk factors. Intervention: Participants were randomly assigned to one of 3 different dietary interventions: MeDiet + extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), MeDiet + nuts (walnuts, almonds, and hazelnuts), or a control low-fat diet. Total energy intake was ad libitum. Outcome measures: Measures included changes in anthropometric measures (weight, body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC…
A highly diverse, desert-like microbial biocenosis on solar panels in a Mediterranean city
2015
AbstractMicroorganisms colonize a wide range of natural and artificial environments although there are hardly any data on the microbial ecology of one the most widespread man-made extreme structures: solar panels. Here we show that solar panels in a Mediterranean city (Valencia, Spain) harbor a highly diverse microbial community with more than 500 different species per panel, most of which belong to drought-, heat- and radiation-adapted bacterial genera, and sun-irradiation adapted epiphytic fungi. The taxonomic and functional profiles of this microbial community and the characterization of selected culturable bacteria reveal the existence of a diverse mesophilic microbial community on the …
The spread of steppe and Iranian-related ancestry in the islands of the western Mediterranean
2020
Steppe-pastoralist-related ancestry reached Central Europe by at least 2500 bc, whereas Iranian farmer-related ancestry was present in Aegean Europe by at least 1900 bc. However, the spread of these ancestries into the western Mediterranean, where they have contributed to many populations that live today, remains poorly understood. Here, we generated genome-wide ancient-DNA data from the Balearic Islands, Sicily and Sardinia, increasing the number of individuals with reported data from 5 to 66. The oldest individual from the Balearic Islands (~2400 bc) carried ancestry from steppe pastoralists that probably derived from west-to-east migration from Iberia, although two later Balearic individ…
HIV infection results in metabolic alterations in the gut microbiota different from those induced by other diseases.
2016
Imbalances in gut bacteria have been associated with multiple diseases. However, whether there are disease-specific changes in gut microbial metabolism remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (n=33) changes, at quantifiable levels, the metabolism of gut bacteria. These changes are different than those observed in patients with the auto-immune disease systemic lupus erythaematosus (n=18), and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea (n=6). Using healthy controls as a baseline (n=16), we demonstrate that a trend in the nature and directionality of the metabolic changes exists according to the type of the disease. The impact on the gut microbia…
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica española en Enfermedades Infecciosas y en Microbiología.
2016
Resumen Introduccion El analisis bibliometrico de la produccion y repercusion de los documentos por areas de conocimiento es un indicador cuantitativo y cualitativo de la actividad investigadora realizada en ese campo. El objetivo de este articulo es conocer la contribucion de las instituciones espanolas a la investigacion en Enfermedades Infecciosas y en Microbiologia en los ultimos anos. Material y metodos Se analizaron los documentos publicados en las revistas incluidas en las categorias «Infectious Diseases» y «Microbiology» de la Web of Science (Science Citation Index Expanded) de la ISI Web of Knowledge desde el ano 2000 al 2013. Resultados En Enfermedades Infecciosas, Espana ocupo la…
Genome-scale analysis of evolutionary rate and selection in a fast-expanding Spanish cluster of HIV-1 subtype F1.
2018
Abstract This work is aimed at assessing the presence of positive selection and/or shifts of the evolutionary rate in a fast-expanding HIV-1 subtype F1 transmission cluster affecting men who have sex with men in Spain. We applied Bayesian coalescent phylogenetics and selection analyses to 23 full-coding region sequences from patients belonging to that cluster, along with other 19 F1 epidemiologically-unrelated sequences. A shift in the overall evolutionary rate of the virus, explained by positively selected sites in the cluster, was detected. We also found one substitution in Nef (H89F) that was specific to the cluster and experienced positive selection. These results suggest that fast tran…
Molecular epidemiology and drug-resistance mechanisms in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated in patients from a tertiary hospital in …
2020
Abstract Objectives The aim of this study has been to characterize carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and to determine the resistance mechanisms involved, the clonal relationship between strains and clinical and demographical data of the infected patients. Methods Clinical and demographical data from patients were collected and statistically analysed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and resistance genes were detected both phenotypically and genotypically. Conjugation assays were performed to show horizontal transferability of resistance genes. Clonal relationship was also studied. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to obtain information regard…
Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial resistance in Spain: a prospective multicentre study.
2021
Abstract Objectives Gonococcal infection is one of the most reported sexually transmitted infections and antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is challenging for the treatment of this infection. This observational study aimed to describe antimicrobial resistance of NG and epidemiological data from patients with gonococcal infection in eight regions of Spain, for updating the local therapeutic guidelines. Methods MICs of penicillin, cefixime, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin and gentamicin were determined by Etest for all NG isolates recovered from 1 April 2018 to 30 September 2019 from 10 hospitals in Spain. Resistance determinants were identified using …
Genotyping Reveals High Clonal Diversity and Widespread Genotypes of Candida Causing Candidemia at Distant Geographical Areas
2020
The objectives of this study were to gain further insight on Candida genotype distribution and percentage of clustered isolates between hospitals and to identify potential clusters involving different hospitals and cities. We aim to genotype Candida spp. isolates causing candidemia in patients admitted to 16 hospitals in Spain, Italy, Denmark, and Brazil. Eight hundred and eighty-four isolates (Candida albicans, n = 534; C. parapsilosis, n = 282; and C. tropicalis, n = 68) were genotyped using species-specific microsatellite markers. CDC3, EF3, HIS3, CAI, CAIII, and CAVI were used for C. albicans, Ctrm1, Ctrm10, Ctrm12, Ctrm21, Ctrm24, and Ctrm28 for C. tropicalis, and CP1, CP4a, CP6, and B…