Search results for "Specialties"

Bleomycin Exerts Ambivalent Antitumor Immune Effect by Triggering Both Immunogenic Cell Death and Proliferation of Regulatory T Cells

2013

International audience; Bleomycin (BLM) is an anticancer drug currently used for the treatment of testis cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. This drug triggers cancer cell death via its capacity to generate radical oxygen species (ROS). However, the putative contribution of anticancer immune responses to the efficacy of BLM has not been evaluated. We make here the observation that BLM induces immunogenic cell death. In particular, BLM is able to induce ROS-mediated reticulum stress and autophagy, which result in the surface exposure of chaperones, including calreticulin and ERp57, and liberation of HMBG1 and ATP. BLM induces anti-tumor immunity which relies on calreticulin, CD8(+) T cells and inte…

Direct-acting antiviral agents and risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma: Critical appraisal of the evidence

2021

Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) revolutionized the treatment of chronic HCV-related disease achieving high rates of sustained virological response (SVR), even in advanced cirrhosis, with modest contraindications and a low rate of adverse events. However, the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) persists due to the underlying chronic liver disease, both in patients with and without history of HCC. Although some initial studies reported a presumptive high risk of HCC development after DAA therapy, more recent observational studies denied this hypothesis. The residual risk for HCC occurrence after HCV eradication seems being progressively reduced with time after SVR. Data on recurrence of HC…

Fluid resuscitation-related coagulation impairment in a porcine hemorrhagic shock model.

2020

Background Fast and effective treatment of hemorrhagic shock is one of the most important preclinical trauma care tasks e.g., in combat casualties in avoiding severe end-organ damage or death. In scenarios without immediate availability of blood products, alternate regimens of fluid resuscitation represent the only possibility of maintaining sufficient circulation and regaining adequate end-organ oxygen supply. However, the fluid choice alone may affect the extent of the bleeding by interfering with coagulation pathways. This study investigates the impact of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), gelatine-polysuccinate (GP) and balanced electrolyte solution (BES) as commonly used agents for fluid resu…

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are inefficient in activation of human regulatory T cells

2011

BACKGROUND: Dendritic cells (DC) play a key role in initiation and regulation of immune responses. Plasmacytoid DC (pDC), a small subset of DC, characterized as type-I interferon producing cells, are critically involved in anti-viral immune responses, but also mediate tolerance by induction of regulatory T cells (Treg). In this study, we compared the capacity of human pDC and conventional DC (cDC) to modulate T cell activity in presence of Foxp3(+) Treg. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In coculture of T effector cells (Teff) and Treg, activated cDC overcome Treg anergy, abrogate their suppressive function and induce Teff proliferation. In contrast, pDC do not break Treg anergy but induce Teff prolifera…

Waiting-time and quality of care deserved to patients with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing RFA treatment

2017

Aortic Stiffness in HIV Infection with and without Antiretroviral Therapy. A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

2020

Background: The risk of Cardiovascular (CV) events is higher in HIV-infected patients (HIV+) compared to HIV-uninfected persons (HIV−). Large artery stiffness, a well-documented predictor of adverse CV prognosis, may mediate this enhanced risk. It is usually assessed by measuring aortic Pulse Wave Velocity (aPWV). Studies examining arterial stiffness in HIV+ yielded inconsistent results. We performed a meta-analysis with the aim to evaluate the association of HIV infection and its therapy [Antiretroviral Therapy (ART)] with aPWV. Design and Method: The Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for aPWV in different comparison groups. Stati…

P4.08 AUGMENTATION INDEX AND AORTIC DISEASE IN MARFAN-LIKE SYNDROMES

2010

P10.07 PERINDOPRIL THERAPY IMPROVES ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED SYSTOLIC FUNCTION

2010

L'anglais des spécialités médicales

2015

International audience; Cet ouvrage vise à couvrir l'immense champ des spécialités médicales afin de permettre aux externes, aux internes et aux professionnels de santé en général de se familiariser avec les subtilités de la langue médicale spécialisée Chaque section dédiée à une spécialité comporte:- un lexique de l'anatomie propre à la spécialité médicale abordée, présenté sous forme de glossaire- un court lexique spécialisé de la physiologie- les mots-clés de la spécialité (généralités, signes et symptômes, maladies, traitements ...)- les principaux sigles et acronymes, particulièrement utiles pour lire un article de recherche spécialisé- les expressions les plus fréquemment utilisées lo…

Worsening of pre-existing psychiatric conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020

This study anonymously examined 2,734 psychiatric patients worldwide for worsening of their pre-existing psychiatric condition during the COVID-19 pandemic. Valid responses mainly from 12 featured countries indicated self-reported worsening of psychiatric conditions in 2/3rd of the patients assessed that was validated through their significantly higher scores on scales for general psychological disturbance, post-traumatic stress disorder, and depression. Female gender, feeling no control of the situation and reporting dissatisfaction with the response of the state during the COVID-19 pandemic, and reduced interaction with family and friends increased the worsening of pre-existing psychiatri…