Search results for "Specificity."

showing 10 items of 2232 documents

The anaerobic metabolism of malate of Saccharomyces bailii and the partial purification and characterization of malic enzyme.

1982

1. The main pathway of the anaerobic metabolism of l-malate in Saccharomyces bailii is catalyzed by a l-malic enzyme. 2. The enzyme was purified more than 300-fold. During the purification procedure fumarase and pyruvate decarboxylase were removed completely, and malate dehydrogenase and oxalacetate decarboxylase were removed to a very large extent. 3. Manganese ions are not required for the reaction of malic enzyme of Saccharomyces bailii, but the activity of the enzyme is increased by manganese. 4. The reaction of l-malic enzyme proceeds with the coenzymes NAD and (to a lesser extent) NADP. 5. The Km-values of the malic enzyme of Saccharomyces bailii were 10 mM for l-malate and 0.1 mM for…

Malic enzymeMalatesSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiochemistryMicrobiologyMalate dehydrogenasechemistry.chemical_compoundSaccharomycesSpecies SpecificityMalate DehydrogenaseGeneticsAnaerobiosisMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationfungifood and beveragesSubstrate (chemistry)General MedicineKineticsEnzymechemistryBiochemistryFumaraseMalic acidNAD+ kinasePyruvate decarboxylaseArchives of microbiology
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Anesthesia protocols in laboratory animals used for scientific purposes

2018

Background: A suitable, effective and free of complications anesthetic protocol is very important in experimental studies on animal models since it could bias the outcome of a trial. To date there is no universally accepted protocol for induction, maintenance and recovery from anesthesia. The endotracheal intubation with the use of inhalation anesthesia is used very especially in the from of large size laboratory animals, because it is a secure and easy control mode. However, it is not common for small laboratory animals because of the high technical skills required. Aim: The aim of this paper is a review of the main methods of induction of anesthesia in laboratory animals. Materials and me…

MammalsLaboratory animalMedicine (all)Induction and maintenance of anesthesiaAnesthetical drugGuidelines as TopicReviewAnesthesia GeneralSpecies SpecificityEuthanasia AnimalAnimals LaboratoryMonitoring IntraoperativeSample Sizeanesthetical drugsIntubation IntratrachealAnimalsExperimental surgeryIntraoperative ComplicationsInhalation anestheticlaboratory animalsPreanesthetic MedicationAnesthetics
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Basis of predictive mycology.

2005

Abstract For over 20 years, predictive microbiology focused on food-pathogenic bacteria. Few studies concerned modelling fungal development. On one hand, most of food mycologists are not familiar with modelling techniques; on the other hand, people involved in modelling are developing tools dedicated to bacteria. Therefore, there is a tendency to extend the use of models that were developed for bacteria to moulds. However, some mould specificities should be taken into account. The use of specific models for predicting germination and growth of fungi was advocated previously [ Dantigny, P., Guilmart, A., Bensoussan, M., 2003. Basis of predictive mycology. In Proceedings of the 4th Internatio…

Management scienceEcologyFungiTemperatureGeneral MedicineMycologyBiologyMicrobiologyModels BiologicalKineticsSpecies SpecificityPredictive Value of TestsMycologyFood MicrobiologyPredictive microbiologyPredictive modellingFood ScienceInternational journal of food microbiology
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Attempted synthesis of spongidines by a radical cascade terminating onto a pyridine ring.

2007

Mn(III)-based oxidative free-radical cyclization of an unsaturated beta-keto ester containing a pyridine ring as radical trap has been studied. This intramolecular reaction of nucleophilic carbon-centered radicals with the pyridine ring leads to the stereospecific construction of a tetracyclic compound in which five chiral centers are created in one pot. This synthetic approach represents the first attempt to prepare the anti-inflammatory pyridinium alkaloids spongidine A, B, and D.

ManganeseIntramolecular reactionPyridinium CompoundsStereochemistryPyridinesRadicalOrganic ChemistryPyridinium CompoundsRing (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_compoundStereospecificityAlkaloidsNucleophilechemistryCyclizationPyridinePolymer chemistryPyridiniumThe Journal of organic chemistry
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Photo-acoustic excitation and optical detection of fundamental flexural guided wave in coated bone phantoms.

2013

Abstract Photo-acoustic (PA) imaging was combined with skeletal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) for assessment of human long bones. This approach permitted low-frequency excitation and detection of ultrasound so as to efficiently receive the thickness-sensitive fundamental flexural guided wave (FFGW) through a coating of soft tissue. The method was tested on seven axisymmetric bone phantoms, whose 1- to 5-mm wall thickness and 16-mm diameter mimicked those of the human radius. Phantoms were made of a composite material and coated with a 2.5- to 7.5-mm layer of soft material that mimicked soft tissue. Ultrasound was excited with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 1064-nm wavelength and received on the s…

Materials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsBiophysics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSensitivity and SpecificityImaging phantomBone and Bones010309 opticsOpticsLamb wavesFlexural strengthCoated Materials BiocompatibleBone Density0103 physical sciencesmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGuided wave testingRadiological and Ultrasound Technologyta114business.industryPhantoms ImagingLasersUltrasoundReproducibility of ResultsEquipment Design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEquipment Failure Analysismedicine.anatomical_structureSoundAcoustic StimulationElasticity Imaging TechniquesUltrasonic sensorCortical bonePhase velocity0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotic StimulationDensitometryUltrasound in medicinebiology
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A Monte Carlo study of intersource effects in dome-type applicators loaded with LDR Cs-137 sources

2005

In this study, the dose rate distributions produced by low dose rate Cs-137 sources loaded in afterloadable dome applicators are studied using the Monte Carlo method. Dose differences between Monte Carlo results and calculations done using the superposition principle are within 1-3% in front of the applicator and between 3 and 10% near and along the longitudinal source axis. Consequently, the real doses to lateral vaginal wall, rectum and bladder are very close to the doses estimated applying the superposition principle, while the dose to the vaginal cuff has been overestimated by up to 10%.

Materials scienceMaximum Tolerated DoseBrachytherapyMonte Carlo methodRadiationSensitivity and SpecificityVaginal wallDome (geology)Superposition principleOpticsHumansDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLow dose rateEquipment Safetybusiness.industryRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedDose-Response Relationship RadiationRadiotherapy DosageEquipment DesignHematologyOncologyDose rateNuclear medicinebusinessMonte Carlo MethodRadiotherapy and Oncology
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Snapshot RGB mapping of skin melanin and hemoglobin.

2015

The concept of snapshot red-green-blue (RGB) multispectral imaging was applied for skin chromophore mapping. Three monochromatic spectral images have been extracted from a single RGB image dataset at simultaneous illumination of skin by 473-, 532-, and 659-nm laser lines. The spectral images were further transformed into distribution maps of skin melanin, oxyhemoglobin, and deoxyhemoglobin, related to pigmented and vascular skin malformations. The performance and clinical potential of the proposed technique are discussed

Materials scienceMultispectral imageBiomedical EngineeringImage processingDermoscopySensitivity and SpecificitySkin DiseasesBiomaterialsMelaninHemoglobinsOpticsHumansComputer visionTissue DistributionImage sensorSkinMelaninsintegumentary systembusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsImage segmentationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMolecular ImagingRGB color modelSnapshot (computer storage)ColorimetryMonochromatic colorArtificial intelligencebusinessBiomarkersJournal of biomedical optics
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Octave-spanning ultraflat supercontinuum with soft-glass photonic crystal fibers

2009

We theoretically identify some photonic-crystal-fiber structures, made up of soft glass, that generate ultrawide (over an octave) and very smooth supercontinuum spectra when illuminated with femtosecond pulsed light. The design of the fiber geometry in order to reach a nearly ultraflattened normal dispersion behavior is crucial to accomplish the above goal. Our numerical simulations reveal that these supercontinuum sources show high stability and no significant changes are detected even for fairly large variations of the incident pulse. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (TEC2008-05490) and Generalitat Valenciana (GV/2007/043).

Materials scienceNonlinear opticsPhysics::OpticsOctave (electronics)Sensitivity and SpecificityPulse propagation and temporal solitonsOpticsDispersion (optics)Computer SimulationSelf-phase modulationOptical FibersPhotonic crystalÓpticaPhotonsbusiness.industryFemtosecond phenomenaReproducibility of ResultsNonlinear opticsEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSupercontinuumEquipment Failure AnalysisFibersFemtosecondComputer-Aided DesignOptoelectronicsGlassCrystallizationbusinessPhotonic-crystal fiber
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Time-domain fiber laser hydrogen sensor.

2004

We report a novel scheme for a fiber-optic hydrogen sensor based on an erbium-doped fiber laser with a palladium-coated tapered fiber within the laser cavity. The tapered fiber acts as a hydrogen-sensing element. When the sensing element is exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere, its attenuation decreases, changing the cavity losses and leading to a modification of the laser transient. The hydrogen concentration is obtained by simple measurement of the buildup time of the laser. This technique translates the measurement of hydrogen concentration into the time domain, and it can be extended to many intensity-based fiber sensors. Relative variations in the buildup time of up to 55% at an increase o…

Materials scienceOptical fiberTransducersHydrogen sensorGraded-index fiberSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionPhotometryOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber laserDispersion-shifted fiberFiber Optic TechnologyOptical Fibersbusiness.industryLasersSpectrum AnalysisReproducibility of ResultsEquipment DesignLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisFiber optic sensorbusinessHydrogenOptics letters
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Study of the glow curves of TLD exposed to thermal neutrons.

2007

The glow curves of thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD600, TLD700 and MCP), exposed to a mixed field of thermal neutrons and gamma photons are analysed. The fluence values of thermal neutrons used, comparable with those used in radiotherapy, allow one to define the reliability of the TLDs, in particular the most sensitive MCP, in this radiation field and to get information on the dose absorbed values. The glow curves obtained have been deconvoluted using general order kinetics and the observed differences for the different LET components have been analysed. In particular, the ratio of the n(0) parameter of two different peaks seems to allow to discriminate the different contributions of neutr…

Materials sciencePhotonHot TemperatureThermoluminescenceAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaPhysics::Medical PhysicsRadiation DosageThermoluminescenceFluenceSensitivity and SpecificityRadiation ProtectionDosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronComputer SimulationNeutron beamNeutronsRadiationDosimeterRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineEquipment DesignModels TheoreticalSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Neutron temperatureEquipment Failure AnalysisComputer-Aided DesignThermoluminescent DosimetryThermoluminescent dosimeterAtomic physicsNuclear medicinebusinessBeam (structure)Radiation protection dosimetry
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