Search results for "Spectroscopy."

showing 10 items of 9110 documents

Structure−Dynamics Coupling between Protein and External Matrix in Sucrose-Coated and in Trehalose-Coated MbCO:  An FTIR Study

2004

We performed FTIR measurements on carboxy-myoglobin (MbCO) embedded in a sucrose−water matrix to study the degrees of freedom coupling between protein and external matrix in such a system. The work was undertaken on the light of recent results by Giuffrida et al. (J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107, 13211−13217), who evidenced, in trehalose-coated MbCO, a structured water−sugar environment of the protein, tightly coupled to the heme pocket structure. Such information was obtained through a suitable analysis of the temperature dependence of the CO stretching and of the water association bands in samples of different content of residual water. We applied here the same analysis to sucrose-coated MbCO.…

disaccharides FTIR spectroscopy protein waterSucroseAnalytical chemistryTrehaloseSurfaces Coatings and FilmsCoupling (electronics)Matrix (chemical analysis)chemistry.chemical_compoundProtein environmentCrystallographychemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryFourier transform infrared spectroscopyHemeThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Preparation and physico-chemical study of inclusion complexes between idebenone and modified beta-cyclodextrins

1996

The inclusion properties of modifiedβ-cyclodextrins (trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin, dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) towards idebenone were compared with naturalβ-cyclodextrin. The inclusion complexes were prepared by different methods (coprecipitation, kneading, and freeze-drying) and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, UV, CD and NMR spectroscopy. The results obtained by CD and NMR spectroscopy indicate a different orientation of idebenone in dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin with respect to other cyclodextrins. Stability constants of the complexes were determined in water at various temperatures and consequently thermodynamic parameters wer…

dissolution studyAqueous solutioncyclodextrinsChemistryCoprecipitationtechnology industry and agricultureGeneral ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyCondensed Matter Physicscyclodextrins; idebenone; characterization of complexes; dissolution studycarbohydrates (lipids)idebenonecharacterization of complexesDifferential scanning calorimetrypolycyclic compoundsmedicineIdebenoneOrganic chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Free drugInclusion (mineral)DissolutionFood Sciencemedicine.drugNuclear chemistry
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Synthesis of Both Ionic Species of Ammonium Dithiocarbamate Derived Cholic Acid Moieties

2011

The reaction of 3-aminopropylamide of cholic acid with CS₂ produced a bile acid derivative of dithiocarbamic acid which further formed an ammonium salt with another molecule of 3-aminopropylamide of cholic acid. The cationic 3-ammonium propylamide of cholic acid did not react further with CS₂ and the formed salt was stable in the reaction mixture, even when excess CS₂ was used. When the reaction was carried out in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide, only the bile acid derivative of sodium dithiocarbamate was formed. The dithiocarbamate derivatives were characterized by ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy and ESI-TOF mass spectrometry. peerReviewed

dithiocarbamateNMR spectroscopyaminesteroidpolycyclic compoundscholic acid
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Oxytocin Signaling as a Target to Block Social Defeat-Induced Increases in Drug Abuse Reward

2021

There is huge scientific interest in the neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) due to its putative capacity to modulate a wide spectrum of physiological and cognitive processes including motivation, learning, emotion, and the stress response. The present review seeks to increase the understanding of the role of OXT in an individual’s vulnerability or resilience with regard to developing a substance use disorder. It places specific attention on the role of social stress as a risk factor of addiction, and explores the hypothesis that OXT constitutes a homeostatic response to stress that buffers against its negative impact. For this purpose, the review summarizes preclinical and clinical literature rega…

drug addictionSubstance-Related Disordersmedia_common.quotation_subjectContext (language use)ReviewOxytocinCatalysisneuroinflammationlcsh:ChemistrySocial DefeatInorganic ChemistrySocial defeat03 medical and health sciencesReward system0302 clinical medicineRewardmedicineAnimalsHumansPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrylcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopymedia_commonInflammationSocial stresssocial stressAddictionOrganic Chemistrycorticotropin-releasing factorCognitionGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseanimal models030227 psychiatryComputer Science ApplicationsSubstance abuselcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999reward systemPsychological resiliencehuman researchPsychologyNeuroscienceStress Psychologicalhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists030217 neurology & neurosurgeryInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Studies of network structure and dynamics of e-beam crosslinked PVPs: From macro to nano

2011

Much interest has been paid to develop a variety of radiation-crosslinked hydrated polymeric materials, which swell in water but do not dissolve, as biocompatible materials used for wound healing, drug delivery system, surface-coating material for medically used devices, etc. With the aim of establishing design rules to produce hydrogels of controlled size at the nanoscale and desired internal network structure using conventional electron accelerators and set-ups, here we attempt a description in terms of structural and dynamic properties of polymer networks generated through e-beam irradiation of aqueous solutions of the same model polymer, a commercial grade poly(N-vinyl-pyrrolidone), sub…

e-Beam irradiationPVP aqueous solutions Nanogels Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy NMR spin–lattice relaxation
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Spine and test skeletal matrices of the Mediterranean sea urchinArbacia lixula- a comparative characterization of their sugar signature

2015

15 pages; International audience; Calcified structures of sea urchins are biocomposite materials that comprise a minor fraction of organic macromolecules, such as proteins, glycoproteins and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are thought to collectively regulate mineral deposition during the process of calcification. When occluded, they modify the properties of the mineral. In the present study, the organic matrices (both soluble and insoluble in acetic acid) of spines and tests from the Mediterranean black sea urchin Arbacia lixula were extracted and characterized, in order to determine whether they exhibit similar biochemical signatures. Bulk characterizations were performed by mono-di…

echinoidPolysaccharideBiochemistryMineralization (biology)Calcium Carbonate[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]Spectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMediterranean SeaAnimalsMonosaccharide[SDV.IB.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/BiomaterialsMolecular BiologyArbacia lixulaPolyacrylamide gel electrophoresisorganic matrixArbaciachemistry.chemical_classificationsaccharideArbaciabiologyLectinlectin assayCell Biology[ SDV.IB.BIO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Biomaterialsbiomineralizationbiology.organism_classificationchemistryBiochemistry[ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]AgglutininsSea UrchinsMicroscopy Electron Scanningbiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelBiomineralizationFEBS Journal
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High-resolution spectroscopy of difference and combination bands of SF6 to elucidate the ν3 + ν1 − ν1 and ν3 + ν2 − ν2 hot band structures in the ν3 …

2014

The strong infrared absorption in the ν3 S–F stretching region of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) near 948 cm−1 makes it a powerful greenhouse gas. Although its present concentration in the atmosphere is very low, it is increasing rapidly, due to industrial pollution. The ground state population of this heavy species is only 32% at room temperature and thus many hot bands are present. Consequently, a reliable remote-sensing spectroscopic detection and monitoring of this species require an accurate modelling of these hot bands. We used two experimental set-ups at the SOLEIL French synchrotron facility to record some difference and combination bands of SF6: (1) a new cryogenic multiple pass cell w…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryPopulationBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopyCondensed Matter PhysicsHot bandSpectral lineSynchrotronlaw.inventionlawPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySpectroscopyeducationGround stateMolecular BiologyMolecular Physics
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Optical investigation of spin-crossover in cobalt(II) bis-terpy complexes

2007

Abstract The spin transition of the [Co(terpy) 2 ] 2+ complex (terpy = 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine) is analysed based on experimental data from optical spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The single crystal absorption spectrum of [Co(terpy) 2 ](ClO 4 ) 2 shows an asymmetric absorption band at 14 400 cm −1 with an intensity typical for a spin-allowed d–d transition and a temperature behaviour typical for a thermal spin transition. The single crystal absorption spectra of suggest that in this compound, the complex is essentially in the high-spin state at all temperatures. However, the increase in intensity observed in the region of the low-spin MLCT transition with increasing te…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyChemistryPopulationRelaxation (NMR)Analytical chemistrySpin transitionMagnetic susceptibilityInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyAbsorption bandSpin crossoverddc:540Materials ChemistryCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationSingle crystalInorganica Chimica Acta
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High-spin → low-spin relaxation in the two-step spincrossover compound [Fe(pic)3]Cl2EtOH (pic = 2-picolylamine)

1998

Abstract The spin-crossover compound [Fe(pic) 3 ]Cl 2 EtOH (pic = 2-picolylamine) shows an unusual two-step spin transition. This is thought to be caused by specific nearest-neighbour interactions and short-range correlations and requires a theoretical treatment of the elastic interactions between the spin-changing molecules beyond the mean-field approximation. Such short-range correlations also influence the high-spin → low-spin relaxation following the light-induced population of the high-spin state at cryogenic temperatures, leading to characteristic deviations from the predictions of a mean-field treatment. These deviations are directly observable by comparison of the full and unperturb…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsChemistryPopulationMonte Carlo methodSpin transitionObservableGeneral ChemistryFe(II) compundsCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsHigh spin-low spin relaxationddc:540Relaxation (physics)MoleculeGeneral Materials ScienceeducationTwo-step spin transitionSpin-½Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
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Spectroscopic signatures for planar equilibrium geometries in methyl-substituted oligothiophenes

2009

In recent studies it was demonstrated that temperature-dependent optical spectroscopy is a valuable tool for revealing the differences in the geometries of flexible molecules like oligothiophenes (OTs) in the ground (S0) and first excited (S1) electronic states, by examining the symmetry relations between the absorption and emission spectra: while at low temperature the spectra show mirror symmetry, pointing to planar geometries in S0 and S1, the symmetry relation breaks down at ambient temperature due to thermal population of torsional modes. In the present joint spectroscopic and theoretical study, we demonstrate that this behavior is also observed for di- and tetramethyl-substituted OTs,…

education.field_of_studyAbsorption spectroscopyoligothiophenesChemistrybusiness.industryPopulationGeneral Physics and AstronomySymmetry (physics)Opticsmethyl-substituted oligothiophenesChemical physicsExcited stateMoleculeEmission spectrumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryeducationbusinessSpectroscopyMirror symmetryFIS/03 - FISICA DELLA MATERIAPhys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
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