Search results for "Spectroscopy"

showing 10 items of 10293 documents

From Mannose to Small Amphiphilic Polyol: Perfect Linearity Leads To Spontaneous Aggregation

2016

Terminally unsaturated and diastereochemically pure polyol derived from d-mannose shows spontaneous aggregation behavior in water solution. In order to study and clarify this unforeseen phenomenon, a conformational study based on NMR spectroscopy combined with ab initio structure analysis using the COSMO-solvation model was pursued. The results, together with X-ray diffraction studies, suggest a low energy linear conformation for this particular substrate both in solid states and in solution. For such small-sized acyclic carbohydrate derivatives, the linear conformation appears to be a key prerequisite for the unusual molecular self-assembly reported herein. peerReviewed

X ray diffractionAb initioMannosed-mannose010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesspontaneous aggregationchemistry.chemical_compoundPolyolAmphiphileGeneral Materials Scienceta116Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopychemistry.chemical_classificationpolyolsta114010405 organic chemistryChemistrySubstrate (chemistry)General ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopySelf assemblyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyX-ray crystallographySelf-assemblyCrystal Growth & Design
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Polystyrene nanoparticle-templated hollow titania nanosphere monolayers as ordered scaffolds

2018

We report a novel multi-step method for the preparation of ordered mesoporous titania scaffolds and show an illustrative example of their application to solar cells. The method is based on (monolayer) colloidal nanosphere lithography that makes use of polystyrene nanoparticles organised at a water–air interface and subsequently transferred onto a solid substrate. A titania precursor solution (titanium(IV) isopropoxide in ethanol) is then drop-cast onto the monolayer and left to “incubate” overnight. Surprisingly, instead of the expected inverse monolayer-structure, a subsequent calcination step of the precursor yields an ordered monolayer of hollow titania nanospheres with a wall thickness …

X ray diffractionX ray photoelectron spectroscopySolar cellMonolayer structureWater-air interfaceMonolayerPhase interfaceSettore ING-INF/01NanocrystalPerovskiteNanocrystalline anatasePerovskite solar cellPolystyrene nanoparticlePower conversion efficienciePrecursor solutionNanoparticleTitanium compoundInterfaces (materials)Interfaces (materials); Monolayers; Nanocrystals; Nanoparticles; Nanospheres; Perovskite; Perovskite solar cells; Phase interfaces; Polystyrenes; Scaffolds (biology); Solar cells; Titanium compounds; Titanium dioxide; X ray diffraction; Monolayer structures; Nano Sphere Lithography; Nanocrystalline anatase; Polystyrene nanoparticles; Power conversion efficiencies; Precursor solutions; Titania nanospheres; Water-air interface; X ray photoelectron spectroscopyTitanium dioxideScaffolds (biology)Nano Sphere LithographyNanospherePolystyreneTitania nanosphere
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Photon Energy Dependent Hard X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy of YbCu2Si2

2012

We have performed photon energy ( h ν) dependent hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HAXPES) for YbCu 2 Si 2 , which is a heavy Fermion compound with intermediate Yb valence. We identified that the bulk components in the Si 1 s and Yb 3 d spectra develop with increasing h ν from 2.5 to 6 keV. Moreover, the temperature dependence of the Yb 3 d spectra measured at h ν= 8 keV has shown a valence fluctuation behavior. These results suggest that high h ν HAXPES is essential to determine the mean valence of the Yb compounds.

X ray photoemissionValence (chemistry)Materials sciencePhotoemission spectroscopyHeavy fermionGeneral Physics and AstronomyAtomic physicsPhoton energySpectroscopySpectral lineJournal of the Physical Society of Japan
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An improved limit for Γee of X(3872) and Γee measurement of ψ(3686)

2015

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author) Using the data sets taken at center-of-mass energies above 4 GeV by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring, we search for the reaction e+e-→γISRX(3872)→γISRπ+π-J/ψ via the Initial State Radiation technique. The production of a resonance with quantum numbers JPC=1++ such as the X(3872) via single photon e+e- annihilation is forbidden, but is allowed by a next-to-leading order box diagram. We do not observe a significant signal of X(3872), and therefore give an upper limit for the electronic width times the branching fraction ΓeeX(3872)B(X(3872)→π+π-J/ψ)<0.13 eV at the 90% confidence level. This measurement improves upon existing limits by a factor of…

X(3872)ψ(3686)BESIIIΓeeCharmonium Spectroscopy
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EXAFS studies on the local structure of Er3+ ions in silica xerogels co-doped with aluminium

2001

The local environment around Er3+ ions in wet and densified (at 900°C) silica xerogels (pure and co-doped with aluminium) has been studied at the Er L3-edge by X-ray absorption spectroscopy using the fluorescence detection technique. The radial distribution functions (RDF), reconstructed from X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), show several changes in the local co-ordination of erbium ions upon densification: shortening of the Er-O and Er-Si/Al distances, decrease of the co-ordination numbers and broadening of the Er-O RDF. The effect of Al co-doping is clearly discerned by EXAFS in both the first and second co-ordination shells for densified gels and mainly in the second shell for wet…

X-RAY-ABSORPTION; GEL GLASS; FLUORESCENCE; silica xerogels; erbiumGEL GLASSMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementMineralogyCondensed Matter PhysicsSilica xerogelsFluorescenceElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsIonErbiumerbiumchemistryAluminiumX-RAY-ABSORPTIONMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesFLUORESCENCEAbsorption (chemistry)Aluminum
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Pressure-Driven Isostructural Phase Transition in InNbO4: In Situ Experimental and Theoretical Investigations

2017

[EN] The high-pressure behavior of technologically important visible-light photocatalytic semiconductor In.NbO4, adopting a monoclinic wolframite-type structure at ambient conditions, was investigated using synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopic measurements, and first-principles calculations. The experimental results indicate the occurrence of a pressure-induced isostructural phase transition in the studied compound beyond 10.8 GPa. The large volume collapse associated with the phase transition and the coexistence of two phases observed over a wide range of pressure shows the nature of transition to be first-order. There is an increase in the oxygen anion coordination num…

X-Ray-DiffractionPhase transitionCoordination numberThermodynamicsInitio molecular-dynamics02 engineering and technologyEfficiency01 natural sciencesSynchrotronInorganic Chemistrysymbols.namesakePhase (matter)0103 physical sciencesCrystalTEORIA DE LA SEÑAL Y COMUNICACIONESPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryIsostructuralTotal-Energy calculations010306 general physicsRaman-ScatteringBulk modulusChemistryAb-Initio021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCrystallographyFISICA APLICADAsymbols0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyStabilityAmbient pressureMonoclinic crystal systemWave basis-set
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The IXO Wide-Field Imager

2010

The Wide Field Imager (WFI) of the International X-ray Observatory (IXO) is an X-ray imaging spectrometer based on a large monolithic DePFET (Depleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) Active Pixel Sensor. Filling an area of 10 × 10 cm² with a format of 1024 × 1024 pixels it will cover a field of view of 18 arcmin. The pixel size of 100 × 100 μm² corresponds to a fivefold oversampling of the telescope's expected 5 arcsec point spread function. The WFI's basic DePFET structure combines the functionalities of sensor and integrated amplifier with nearly Fano-limited energy resolution and high efficiency from 100 eV to 15 keV. The development of dedicated control and amplifier ASICs allows for…

X-ray AstronomyImaging spectrometerWide Field ImagerField of viewSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaIntegrated amplifierlaw.inventionTelescopeOpticslawWFIDePFETX-ray SpectroscopyInternational X-ray Observatory; IXO; Wide Field Imager; WFI; X-ray Astronomy; X-ray Spectroscopy; X-ray Imaging; DePFET; Active Pixel SensorPhysicsCMOS sensorActive Pixel SensorPixelSpectrometersezelebusiness.industryAmplifierIXObusinessInternational X-ray ObservatoryX-ray Imaging
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The wide-field imager for IXO: status and future activities

2010

The Wide Field Imager (WFI) of the International X-ray Observatory (IXO) is an X-ray imaging spectrometer based on a large monolithic DePFET (Depleted P-channel Field Effect Transistor) Active Pixel Sensor. Filling an area of 10 x 10 cm2 with a format of 1024 x 1024 pixels it will cover a field of view of 18 arcmin. The pixel size of 100 x 100 μm2 corresponds to a fivefold oversampling of the telescope's expected 5 arcsec point spread function. The WFI's basic DePFET structure combines the functionalities of sensor and integrated amplifier with nearly Fano-limited energy resolution and high efficiency from 100 eV to 15 keV. The development of dedicated control and amplifier ASICs allows for…

X-ray AstronomyImaging spectrometerWide Field ImagerField of viewSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaIntegrated amplifierlaw.inventionTelescopeOpticslawWFIDePFETX-ray SpectroscopyInternational X-ray Observatory; IXO; Wide Field Imager; WFI; X-ray Astronomy; X-ray Spectroscopy; X-ray Imaging; DePFET; Active Pixel SensorPhysicsCMOS sensorActive Pixel SensorsezelePixelSpectrometerbusiness.industryAmplifierIXOInternational X-ray ObservatorybusinessX-ray ImagingSpace Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray
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B-MINE, the balloon-borne microcalorimeter nuclear line explorer

2001

B-MINE is a concept for a balloon mission designed to probe the deepest regions of a supernova explosion by detecting Ti-44 emission at 68 keV with spatial and spectral resolutions that are sufficient to determine the extent and velocity distribution of the Ti-44 emitting region. The payload introduces the concept of focusing optics and microcalorimeter spectroscopy to nuclear line emission astrophysics. B-MINE has a thin, plastic foil telescope multilayered to maximize the reflectivity in a 20 keV band centered at 68 keV and a microcalorimeter array optimized for the same energy band. This combination provides a reduced background, an energy resolution of 50 eV and a 3sigma sensitivity in …

X-ray AstronomyPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsSupernovaAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaBallonX-ray opticsSNRlaw.inventionAstrophysicTelescopeOpticsSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaNTD GermaniumlawMicrocalorimeterBinary starEmission spectrumX-ray OpticSpectral resolutionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringSpectroscopyLine (formation)PhysicsX-ray astronomybusiness.industryCondensed Matter PhysicsSupernovaStarsgamma rayMeasuring instrumentbusinessBalloon
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BROAD BAND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS AND X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY OF NEUTRON STAR LOW MASS X-RAY BINARIES

X-ray SpectoscopyX-ray Spectroscopy
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