Search results for "Speech recognition"
showing 10 items of 357 documents
Jalapeno or jalapeño: Do diacritics in consonant letters modulate visual similarity effects during word recognition?
2020
AbstractPrior research has shown that word identification times to DENTIST are faster when briefly preceded by a visually similar prime (dentjst; i↔j) than when preceded by a visually dissimilar prime (dentgst). However, these effects of visual similarity do not occur in the Arabic alphabet when the critical letter differs in the diacritical signs: for the target the visually similar one-letter replaced prime (compare and is no more effective than the visually dissimilar one-letter replaced prime Here we examined whether this dissociative pattern is due to the special role of diacritics during word processing. We conducted a masked priming lexical decision experiment in Spanish using target…
Do orthotactics and phonology constrain the transposed-letter effect?
2008
Transposing two internal letters of a word produces a perceptually similar item (as in cholocate). To determine the precise nature of the encoding of letter position within a word, it is important to examine the role of orthography and phonology in the transposed-letter effect. Experiment 1 examined whether transposed-letter effects are affected by the legality of the letter transposition in a masked priming paradigm (e.g., comsos-COSMOS vs. vebral-VERBAL; ‘ms’ is an illegal bigram in Spanish). Results showed a greater transposed-letter priming effect when the transposed bigram was illegal than when it was legal. In Experiment 2, we examine the role of phonology by exploiting the context-de…
Can CANISO activate CASINO? Transposed-letter similarity effects with nonadjacent letter positions
2004
Nonwords created by transposing two adjacent letters (i.e., transposed-letter (TL) nonwords like jugde) are very effective at activating the lexical representation of their base words. This fact poses problems for most computational models of word recognition (e.g., the interactive-activation model and its extensions), which assume that exact letter positions are rapidly coded during the word recognition process. To examine the scope of TL similarity effects further, we asked whether TL similarity effects occur for nonwords created by exchanging two nonadjacent letters (e.g., canisoCASINO) in three masked form priming experiments using the lexical decision task. The two nonadjacent transpos…
Attention effects on the processing of task-relevant and task-irrelevant speech sounds and letters
2013
We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to study effects of selective attention on the processing of attended and unattended spoken syllables and letters. Participants were presented with syllables randomly occurring in the left or right ear and spoken by different voices and with a concurrent foveal stream of consonant letters written in darker or lighter fonts. During auditory phonological and non-phonological tasks, they responded to syllables in a designated ear starting with a vowel and spoken by female voices, respectively. These syllables occurred infrequently among standard syllables starting with a consonant and spoken by male voices. During visual phonological and non-phonol…
Syllable onsets are perceptual reading units
2007
Syllable onsets are defined as the initial consonant or consonant cluster in a syllable (e.g., BR in BREAD). In the present study, using a letter detection paradigm and French words, we tested whether syllable onsets are processed as units by the reading system. In Experiment 1, we replicated Gross, Treiman, and Inman's (2000) result of observing no difference between the detection latencies of letters embedded in a multi-letter syllable onset (e.g., c in ECLATER) relative to a single-letter syllable onset (e.g., C in ECARTER). In Experiment 2, participants took longer to detect the target letter when it was in the second position of a multi-letter onset (e.g., L in TABLIER) than when it wa…
Towards a Non-Intrusive Context-Aware Speech Quality Model
2020
Understanding how humans judge perceived speech quality while interacting through Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) applications in real-time is essential to build a robust and accurate speech quality prediction model. Speech quality is degraded in the presence of background noise reducing the Quality of Experience (QoE). Speech Enhancement (SE) algorithms can improve speech quality in noisy environments. The publicly available NOIZEUS speech corpus contains speech in environmental background noise babble, car, street, and train at two Signal-to-noise ratio (SNRs) 5dB and 10dB. Objective Speech Quality Metrics (OSQM) are used to monitor and measure speech quality for VoIP applications. Th…
The indexing of persons in news sequences using audio-visual data
2004
We describe a video indexing system that automatically searches for a specific person in a news sequence. The proposed approach combines audio and video confidence values extracted from speaker and face recognition analysis. The system also incorporates a shot selection module that seeks for anchors, where the person on the scene is likely speaking. The system has been extensively tested on several news sequences with very good recognition rates.
Hilbert-Huang versus Morlet wavelet transformation on mismatch negativity of children in uninterrupted sound paradigm
2008
Background Compared to the waveform or spectrum analysis of event-related potentials (ERPs), time-frequency representation (TFR) has the advantage of revealing the ERPs time and frequency domain information simultaneously. As the human brain could be modeled as a complicated nonlinear system, it is interesting from the view of psychological knowledge to study the performance of the nonlinear and linear time-frequency representation methods for ERP research. In this study Hilbert-Huang transformation (HHT) and Morlet wavelet transformation (MWT) were performed on mismatch negativity (MMN) of children. Participants were 102 children aged 8–16 years. MMN was elicited in a passive oddball parad…
Repeated Reading of Syllables Among Finnish-Speaking Children With Poor Reading Skills
2010
The study evaluated the effect of repeated reading on reading speed among 36 Finnish-speaking poor readers in Grades 4 to 6. A switching replications design was applied: Group A (n = 20) received training first, and during this period Group B (n = 16) acted as a control group. After a midpoint test, the design was switched. The training material consisted of syllables, which were practiced during 10 training sessions for a total of 50 times. The reading speed of the trained syllables increased more during training than during the control period. During training, the reading speed of pseudowords containing the trained syllables improved significantly. This improvement was found both in a com…
On the role of consonants and vowels in visual-word processing: Evidence with a letter search paradigm
2010
Prior research has shown that the search function in the visual letter search task may reflect the regularities of the orthographic structure of a given script. In the present experiment, we examined whether the search function of letter detection was sensitive to consonant-vowel status of a pre-cued letter. Participants had to detect the presence/absence of a previously cued letter target (either vowel or consonant) at the initial, central or final position in a five-letter Spanish word or pseudoword. Results showed a significant effect of consonant-vowel status on letter search function which paralleled the orthographic constraints of Spanish. When searching for a consonant, participants …