Search results for "Spite"

showing 10 items of 104 documents

Immunity and the emergence of virulent pathogens.

2013

6 pages; International audience; The emergence/re-emergence of infectious diseases has been one of the major concerns for human and wildlife health. In spite of the medical and veterinary progresses as to prevent and cure infectious diseases, during the last decades we have witnessed the emergence/re-emergence of virulent pathogens that pose a threat to humans and wildlife. Many factors that might drive the emergence of these novel pathogens have been identified and several reviews have been published on this topic in the last years. Among the most cited and recognized drivers of pathogen emergence are climate change, habitat destruction, increased contact with reservoirs, etc. These factor…

0106 biological sciencesMicrobiology (medical)[ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyWildlifeVirulenceBiology[ SDV.IMM.IA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunologyCommunicable Diseases Emerging010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesMicrobiologyParasite diversity03 medical and health sciencesImmune systemDisease severityImmunityImmune-mediated selection[ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/SymbiosisGeneticsAnimalsHumansParasites[SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/ParasitologyMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematics030304 developmental biology[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology0303 health sciencesVirulenceEcology15. Life on land3. Good healthVaccinationInfectious DiseasesHabitat destruction[SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology13. Climate actionHost-Pathogen InteractionsSpite[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and EcologyImmune-suppression[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis
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Opinion dynamics in social networks through mean field games

2016

Emulation, mimicry, and herding behaviors are phenomena that are observed when multiple social groups interact. To study such phenomena, we consider in this paper a large population of homogeneous social networks. Each such network is characterized by a vector state, a vector-valued controlled input, and a vector-valued exogenous disturbance. The controlled input of each network aims to align its state to the mean distribution of other networks' states in spite of the actions of the disturbance. One of the contributions of this paper is a detailed analysis of the resulting mean-field game for the cases of both polytopic and $mathcal L_2$ bounds on controls and disturbances. A second contrib…

0209 industrial biotechnologyeducation.field_of_studyControl and OptimizationDisturbance (geology)Applied MathematicsPopulation020206 networking & telecommunications02 engineering and technologyState (functional analysis)020901 industrial engineering & automationMean field theoryControl theoryBellman equationConvergence (routing)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSpiteHerdingOpinion DynamicsSettore MAT/09 - Ricerca OperativaeducationMathematics
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DEBATE: Do interventions based on behavioral theory work in the real world?

2019

Abstract Background Behavioral scientists suggest that for behavior change interventions to work effectively, and deliver population-level health outcomes, they must be underpinned by behavioral theory. However, despite implementation of such interventions, population levels of both health outcomes and linked behaviors have remained relatively static. We debate the extent to which interventions based on behavioral theory work in the real world to address population health outcomes. Discussion Hagger argues there is substantive evidence supporting the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions based on behavioral theory in promoting population-level health behavior change in the ‘real world…

0301 basic medicineComparative Effectiveness ResearchEfficacyDebateApplied psychologyPopulationHealth BehaviorPsychological interventionMedicine (miscellaneous)Behavioural sciencesPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationEffectivenessPopulation healthHealth behaviour changeMedical and Health SciencesEducation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBehavior TherapyBehavioral and Social ScienceHumans030212 general & internal medicineCausationeducationlcsh:RC620-627education.field_of_studyBehavior030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsPopulation HealthBehavioural interventionsPreventionlcsh:Public aspects of medicineBehavior changelcsh:RA1-1270Health outcomeslcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseasesParadigm shiftImplementationSpiteGeneric health relevancePublic HealthPsychologyInternational Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
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The Role of Mathematical Models in Immuno-Oncology: Challenges and Future Perspectives

2021

Immuno-oncology (IO) focuses on the ability of the immune system to detect and eliminate cancer cells. Since the approval of the first immune checkpoint inhibitor, immunotherapies have become a major player in oncology treatment and, in 2021, represented the highest number of approved drugs in the field. In spite of this, there is still a fraction of patients that do not respond to these therapies and develop resistance mechanisms. In this sense, mathematical models offer an opportunity to identify predictive biomarkers, optimal dosing schedules and rational combinations to maximize clinical response. This work aims to outline the main therapeutic targets in IO and to provide a description …

0301 basic medicineOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyComputer scienceImmune checkpoint inhibitorsPharmaceutical ScienceCancer immunityReview03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePharmacy and materia medicaDosing schedulesInternal medicinemedicineTumor growthimmuno-oncologyPK/PD modelsPredictive biomarkertop-down approachMathematical modelPK/PDmathematical modelingRS1-441030104 developmental biologybottom-up approach030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSpitemiddle-out approachPharmaceutics
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Channel Choice Complications

2019

In spite of massive investment and increased adoption of digital services, citizens continue to use traditional channels to interact with public organizations. The channel choice (CC) field of research tries to understand citizens’ interactions with public authorities to make the interaction more efficient and increase citizen satisfaction. However, most studies have been conducted either as surveys of hypothetical services or in experimental settings, leading to a lack of empirical data from actual use contexts. Therefore, we present the results of a sequential mixed methods study which combines observations of citizen-caseworker interaction in a call center, contextual interviews with cal…

050101 languages & linguisticsEmpirical dataProcess (engineering)business.industryComputer science05 social sciencesInternet privacy02 engineering and technologyInvestment (macroeconomics)Field (computer science)Action (philosophy)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSpite020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesbusinessActual useCommunication channel
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“Good translating is very hard work”

2021

Abstract Upon immigrating to New Zealand in 1937, Austrian-born philosopher of science Karl Raimund Popper lived and worked in the English-speaking world, where he published his major works in English. Life events forced him to engage in various forms of self-translation around the same time that he began earnestly working on translating Presocratic philosophical fragments into English. While he rejected language wholesale as an object of philosophical reflection, translation became an exception, a privileged occasion for philosophical reflection on language. This article reads Popper’s thoughts on translation in the context of previously unpublished correspondence between Popper and potent…

050101 languages & linguisticsLinguistics and LanguageCommunicationPhilosophy05 social sciencesSelf-translationContext (language use)06 humanities and the artsKarl popper0603 philosophy ethics and religionObject (philosophy)Language and Linguisticslanguage.human_languageEpistemologyReflexive pronounGerman060302 philosophylanguageSpite0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesOn LanguageTarget. International Journal of Translation Studies
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Verbalization of nominalizations: A typological commentary on the article by Nikki van de Pol

2019

Abstract The present article provides a typological commentary on the article by Nikki van de Pol (2019) on the history of the English gerund. It is shown that in spite of certain idiosyncratic aspects, the history of the verbal gerund illustrates a well-known grammaticalization path of verbalization, whereby deverbal nouns are first grammaticalized into nonfinite forms (participles, infinitives, converbs), and may later be integrated into the verbal paradigm. It is further suggested that the mixed behavior attested for the verbal gerund, which deviates both from the nominal and from the clausal prototype, may be universally supported by constructional polysemy and blending with constructio…

050101 languages & linguisticsLinguistics and LanguageHistoryGerund05 social sciencesGrammaticalization050105 experimental psychologyLanguage and LinguisticsNominalizationLinguisticsNounSpite0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPolysemyCline (hydrology)Language Sciences
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On some difficulties of putting in dialogue animal rights with anthropological debates: a historical view in three episodes

2018

In this paper, I try to identify the reasons why the dialogue between sociocultural anthropology and animal rights theories and movements continues to be difficult and scarce. At first sight this weakness of communication is surprising, if one looks at the amount of anthropological studies on human/animal relationships, in most cases pointing to how animals are considered in many cultures as non- human subjects or persons. For understanding the roots of this state of affairs, I compare the ways anthropologists and animal rights theorists and activists have engaged with the issue of the differences and commonalities between human beings and nonhuman animals. For this aim, I contrast the sear…

060101 anthropologyEmbeddednessState of affairs06 humanities and the arts0603 philosophy ethics and religionLanguage and LinguisticsEpistemologyAnimal rightsPolitics060302 philosophySociocultural anthropologySpite0601 history and archaeologySociologyPhilosophy of lawSettore M-DEA/01 - Discipline DemoetnoantropologicheSociocultural evolutionLawAnthropology Animal ethics Animal rights Cultural symbols Human/animal relationships
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¿El Estado de Derecho en peligro? El juez constitucional contra la Constitución y a favor de la reelección presidencial indefinida : caso Bolivia

2021

In Bolivia, the third term and the habilitation of former President Evo Morales to the 2019 presidential elections was allowed with the acquiescence of the Plurinational Constitutional Court. Despite the fact that the Constitution prohibited it and there was a referendum that rejected indefinite presidential re-election. This occurred through the judicialization of politics that produced a non-formal reform of the Constitution producing a case of abusive constitutionalism and the destabilization of the rule of law.

:CIENCIAS JURÍDICAS [UNESCO]Indefinite presidential re-electionthe third term and the habilitation of former President Evo Morales to the 2019 presidential elections was allowed with the acquiescence of the Plurinational Constitutional Court. Despite the fact that the Constitution prohibited it and there was a referendum that rejected indefinite presidential re-election. This occurred through the judicialization of politics that produced a non-formal reform of the Constitution producing a case of abusive constitutionalism and the destabilization of the rule of law. Reelección presidencial indefinidademocracyHuman RightsEstado de Derechoabusive constitutionalism. 862 899Michael Juan Ramón In BoliviaRule of Lawjudicialization of politics2070-8157 22082 Revista Boliviana de Derecho 584568 2021 32 8055241 ¿El Estado de Derecho en peligro? El juez constitucional contra la Constitución y a favor de la reelección presidencial indefinida caso Bolivia Vega Quevedojudicialización de la políticaDerechos HumanosUNESCO::CIENCIAS JURÍDICASdemocraciaconstitucionalismo abusivo
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A Post-contentious Turning Point for the Contentious French? Crisis Without Protest in France

2018

International audience; This chapter shows that the ‘contentious French’ may not be that contentious anymore. The economic crisis provides a unique chance to argue that a post-contentious turning point is emerging in spite of a long-standing tradition of protesting. Yet the chapter suggests that this post-contentious turning point is not bringing about acquiescence but opens space for new forms of political participation, especially in connection with resources acquired through employment and educational track. In this case, we find a more extensive engagement in online activism and non-institutional forms of political participation, that is, the two forms of political participation that ar…

Acquiescence05 social sciences050801 communication & media studiesContext (language use)Online activismSpace (commercial competition)16. Peace & justice[SHS.SCIPO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Political science0506 political sciencecontentious FrenchPolitics0508 media and communicationsPolitical economyPolitical science050602 political science & public administrationSpiteTurning pointFrancepolitical activismpolitical participation
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